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Dong F, Yan W, Qu M, Shang X, Dong W, Lu Z, Zhang H, Du W, Zhang R, Zhang Z, Zhao T. Strand displacement-triggered FRET nanoprobe tracking TK1 mRNA in living cells for ratiometric fluorimetry of nucleic acid biomarker. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:390. [PMID: 38871953 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
A precisely designed dual-color biosensor has realized a visual assessment of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) mRNA in both living cells and cell lysates. The oligonucleotide probe is constructed by hybridizing the antisense strand of the target and two recognition sequences, in which FAM serves as the donor and TAMRA as the acceptor. Once interacting with the target, two recognition strands are replaced, and then the antisense complementary sequence forms a more stable double-stranded structure. Due to the increasing spatial distance between two dyes, the FRET is attenuated, leading to a rapid recovery of FAM fluorescence and a reduction of TAMRA fluorescence. A discernible color response from orange to green could be observed by the naked eye, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.38 nM and 5.22 nM for spectrometer- and smartphone-based assays, respectively. The proposed ratiometric method transcends previous reports in its capacities in visualizing TK1 expression toward reliable nucleic acid biomarker analysis, which might establish a general strategy for ratiometric biosensing via strand displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Weizhen Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Mingsheng Qu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiaofei Shang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wuqi Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zhengdong Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hanyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Wei Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Ruilong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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He Y, Jiang K, Liu B, Meng HM, Li Z. Spatiotemporal control of DNAzyme activity for fluorescent imaging of telomerase RNA in living cells. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:342085. [PMID: 38182380 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex that includes proteins and human telomerase RNA (hTR). Emerging evidence suggested that the expression level of hTR was high related with the development of tumor, so it is important to accurately detect the content of hTR. Optical control of DNAzyme activity shows a promising strategy for precise biosensing, biomedical imaging and modulation of biological processes. Although DNAzyme-based sensors can be controlled spatiotemporally by light, its application in the detection of hTR in living cells is still rare. Therefore, designing DNAzyme activity spatiotemporal controllable sensors for hTR detection is highly needed. RESULTS We developed a UV light-activated DNAzyme-based nanoprobe for spatially accurate imaging of intracellular hTR. The proposed nanoprobe was named MDPH, which composed of an 8-17 DNAzyme (D) inactivated by a protector strand (P), a substrate strand (H), and MnO2 nanosheets. The MnO2 nanosheets can enhance the cellular uptake of DNA strands, so that MDPH probe can enter cells autonomously through endocytosis. Under the high concentration of GSH in cancer cells, MnO2 nanosheets can self-generate cofactors to maintain the catalytic activity of DNAzyme. When exposing UV light and in presence of target hTR, DNAzyme could cleave substrate H, resulting in the recovery of fluorescence of the system. The cells imaging results show that MDPH probe could be spatiotemporally controlled to image endogenous hTR in cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE With this design, telomerase RNA-specific fluorescent imaging was achieved by MDPH probe in both cancer and normal cells. Our probe made a promising new platform for spatiotemporal controllable intracellular hTR monitoring. This current method can be applied to monitor a variety of other biomarkers in living cells and perform medical diagnosis, so it may has broad applications in the field of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating He
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kemei Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bojun Liu
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hong-Min Meng
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Liu S, Yu CY, Wei H. Spherical nucleic acids-based nanoplatforms for tumor precision medicine and immunotherapy. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100750. [PMID: 37545568 PMCID: PMC10400933 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise diagnosis and treatment of tumors currently still face considerable challenges due to the development of highly degreed heterogeneity in the dynamic evolution of tumors. With the rapid development of genomics, personalized diagnosis and treatment using specific genes may be a robust strategy to break through the bottleneck of traditional tumor treatment. Nevertheless, efficient in vivo gene delivery has been frequently hampered by the inherent defects of vectors and various biological barriers. Encouragingly, spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) with good modularity and programmability are excellent candidates capable of addressing traditional gene transfer-associated issues, which enables SNAs a precision nanoplatform with great potential for diverse biomedical applications. In this regard, there have been detailed reviews of SNA in drug delivery, gene regulation, and dermatology treatment. Still, to the best of our knowledge, there is no published systematic review summarizing the use of SNAs in oncology precision medicine and immunotherapy, which are considered new guidelines for oncology treatment. To this end, we summarized the notable advances in SNAs-based precision therapy and immunotherapy for tumors following a classification standard of different types of precise spatiotemporal control on active species by SNAs. Specifically, we focus on the structural diversity and programmability of SNAs. Finally, the challenges and possible solutions were discussed in the concluding remarks. This review will promote the rational design and development of SNAs for tumor-precise medicine and immunotherapy.
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Dong F, Yan W, Dong W, Shang X, Xu Y, Liu W, Wu Y, Wei W, Zhao T. DNA-enabled fluorescent-based nanosensors monitoring tumor-related RNA toward advanced cancer diagnosis: A review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1059845. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1059845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As a burgeoning non-invasive indicator for reproducible cancer diagnosis, tumor-related biomarkers have a wide range of applications in early cancer screening, efficacy monitoring, and prognosis predicting. Accurate and efficient biomarker determination, therefore, is of great importance to prevent cancer progression at an early stage, thus reducing the disease burden on the entire population, and facilitating advanced therapies for cancer. During the last few years, various DNA structure-based fluorescent probes have established a versatile platform for biological measurements, due to their inherent biocompatibility, excellent capacity to recognize nucleic and non-nucleic acid targets, obvious accessibility to synthesis as well as chemical modification, and the ease of interfacing with signal amplification protocols. After decades of research, DNA fluorescent probe technology for detecting tumor-related mRNAs has gradually grown to maturity, especially the advent of fluorescent nanoprobes has taken the process to a new level. Here, a systematic introduction to recent trends and advances focusing on various nanomaterials-related DNA fluorescent probes and the physicochemical properties of various involved nanomaterials (such as AuNP, GO, MnO2, SiO2, AuNR, etc.) are also presented in detail. Further, the strengths and weaknesses of existing probes were described and their progress in the detection of tumor-related mRNAs was illustrated. Also, the salient challenges were discussed later, with a few potential solutions.
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Spherical nucleic acids-based biosensors for cancer biomarkers detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Pelea O, Fulga TA, Sauka-Spengler T. RNA-Responsive gRNAs for Controlling CRISPR Activity: Current Advances, Future Directions, and Potential Applications. CRISPR J 2022; 5:642-659. [PMID: 36206027 PMCID: PMC9618385 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2022.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 has emerged as a major genome manipulation tool. As Cas9 can cause off-target effects, several methods for controlling the expression of CRISPR systems were developed. Recent studies have shown that CRISPR activity could be controlled by sensing expression levels of endogenous transcripts. This is particularly interesting, as endogenous RNAs could harbor important information about the cell type, disease state, and environmental challenges cells are facing. Single-guide RNA (sgRNA) engineering played a major role in the development of RNA-responsive CRISPR systems. Following further optimizations, RNA-responsive sgRNAs could enable the development of novel therapeutic and research applications. This review introduces engineering strategies that could be employed to modify Streptococcus pyogenes sgRNAs with a focus on recent advances made toward the development of RNA-responsive sgRNAs. Future directions and potential applications of these technologies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Pelea
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; and Kansas City, Missouri, USA.,Address correspondence to: Oana Pelea, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom,
| | - Tudor A. Fulga
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; and Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Tatjana Sauka-Spengler
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; and Kansas City, Missouri, USA.,Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.,Address correspondence to: Tatjana Sauka-Spengler, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom,
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Zhang B, Shi L, Li B, Jin Y. Ratiometric fluorescence resonance energy transfer for reliable and sensitive detection of intracellular telomerase RNA via strand displacement reaction amplification. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 271:120937. [PMID: 35114633 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human telomerase RNA (hTR) is one essential component of telomerase and is overexpressed in tumor cells. Therefore, the reliable and sensitive detection of hTR is essential for the early cancer diagnosis. Herein, to avoid the false positive signals caused by co-existing components in the cell, a ratiometric fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) strategy was developed to achieve reliable detection of intracellular hTR. Manganese dioxide nanosheets (MnO2NS) with good biocompatibility carry two fluorophore-labelled hairpin DNA probes into the cancer cell and then release the probes via decomposition of MnO2NS by intracellular L-glutathione reduced (GSH). Then, hTR triggered the cyclic strand displacement reaction (SDR) between two hairpin DNA probes to continuously form DNA duplexes, which made two fluorophores close to each other and led to an effective FRET. Fluorescence imaging demonstrated a higher expression level of hTR in HeLa cells than that in normal HL-7702 cells. The high specificity of hairpin DNA probes and SDR make it easy to discriminate the single-base mutation. Therefore, it provides a highly sensitive, simple and reliable method for the extracellular and intracellular detection of hTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Lu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Baoxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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Zhao T, Dong F, Hu X, Xu Y, Wei W, Liu R, Yu F, Fang W, Shen Y, Zhang Z. Dynamic tracking of p21 mRNA in living cells by sticky-flares for the visual evaluation of the tumor treatment effect. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1733-1741. [PMID: 34985067 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05418j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the expression level of the intracellular tumor suppressor gene p21 mRNA is essential to reveal the progress and prognosis of a tumor. Methods widely reported for the detection of p21 mRNA are the real-time polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot. However, these methods only detect mRNA in vitro and cannot realize the in situ monitoring of the p21 mRNA expression level in living cells. Additionally, the sensor for the real-time tracking and monitoring of the p21 mRNA location without the help of a transfection reagent in living cells is still limited. Herein, a novel sticky-flare was constructed for the dynamic monitoring of the temporal and spatial variations of p21 mRNA in living cells. The nanoprobe consists of AuNP, a recognition sequence modified with Cy5, and a thiol-modified DNA sequence. The thiol oligonucleotide strand could act partially complementary to the Cy5-modified oligonucleotide strand to form a double-stranded DNA linked to AuNP, resulting in the fluorescence quenching of Cy5 due to the energy transfer from Cy5 to the gold sphere. In the presence of p21 mRNA, the Cy5-modified recognition nucleic acid specifically bound to p21 mRNA to form a more stable double chain and escaped from the gold sphere, leading to the recovery of red fluorescence. Our method is better than other methods in its ability to quantify the spatial distribution and expression level of p21 mRNA in living cells and discriminate various tumor cell lines with different p21 mRNA expression levels by the naked eye. Particularly, the sticky-flare probe used in this assay could allow the visual evaluation of the tumor treatment effect and the determination of the tumor progression stage by enabling monitoring of the relative expression level of p21 mRNA in tumor cells after cisplatin treatment. The method reported here is accurate, reliable and needs no auxiliary tools (transfection reagent), and thereby provides a promising route for the prognostic evaluation and drug development of cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China 230032.
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Fengqi Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China 230032.
| | - Xinlong Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China 230032.
| | - Yanli Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China 230032.
| | - Wenmei Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China 230032.
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China 230032.
| | - Fang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Weijun Fang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China 230032.
| | - Yuxian Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China 230032.
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
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9
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Ma D, Bai H, Li J, Li Y, Song L, Zheng J, Miao C. A ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for signal amplification monitoring of intracellular telomerase activity. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:1891-1898. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Diana A, Setzu MD, Kokaia Z, Nat R, Maxia C, Murtas D. SmartFlare TM is a reliable method for assessing mRNA expression in single neural stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1918-1927. [PMID: 35069990 PMCID: PMC8727230 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i12.1918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most challenging tasks of modern biology concerns the real-time tracking and quantification of mRNA expression in living cells. On this matter, a novel platform called SmartFlareTM has taken advantage of fluorophore-linked nanoconstructs for targeting RNA transcripts. Although fluorescence emission does not account for the spatial mRNA distribution, NanoFlare technology has grown a range of theranostic applications starting from detecting biomarkers related to diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative pathologies or embryonic developmental disorders.
AIM To investigate the potential of SmartFlareTM in determining time-dependent mRNA expression of prominin 1 (CD133) and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in single living cells through differentiation.
METHODS Brain fragments from the striatum of aborted human fetuses aged 8 wk postconception were processed to obtain neurospheres. For the in vitro differentiation, neurospheres were gently dissociated with Accutase solution. Single cells were resuspended in a basic medium enriched with fetal bovine serum, plated on poly-L-lysine-coated glass coverslips, and grown in a lapse of time from 1 to 4 wk. Live cell mRNA detection was performed using SmartFlareTM probes (CD133, Oct4, Actin, and Scramble). All the samples were incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. For nuclear staining, Hoechst 33342 was added. SmartFlareTM CD133- and OCT4-specific fluorescence signal was assessed using a semiquantitative visual approach, taking into account the fluorescence intensity and the number of labeled cells.
RESULTS In agreement with previous PCR experiments, a unique expression trend was observed for CD133 and OCT4 genes until 7 d in vitro (DIV). Fluorescence resulted in a mixture of diffuse cytoplasmic and spotted-like pattern, also detectable in the contacting neural branches. From 15 to 30 DIV, only few cells showed a scattered fluorescent pattern, in line with the differentiation progression and coherent with mRNA downregulation of these stemness-related genes.
CONCLUSION SmartFlareTM appears to be a reliable, easy-to-handle tool for investigating CD133 and OCT4 expression in a neural stem cell model, preserving cell biological properties in anticipation of downstream experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Dolores Setzu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Zaal Kokaia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells & Restorative Neurology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Roxana Nat
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Cristina Maxia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Daniela Murtas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
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Hu X, Huang Y, Yin H, Dai L, Tian Y. DNA‐Based
Architectures for
in situ
Target Biomolecule Analysis in Confined Nano‐space
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Hu
- Shenzhen Research Institute Nanjing University Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yide Huang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Hao Yin
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Lizhi Dai
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Ye Tian
- Shenzhen Research Institute Nanjing University Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
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Hong M, Sun H, Yang Q, Cheng S, Yu S, Fan S, Li C, Cui C, Tan W. A microRNA-21-responsive doxorubicin-releasing sticky-flare for synergistic anticancer with silencing of microRNA and chemotherapy. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yu Z, Jiang F, Hu C, Tang B. Functionalized nanoprobes for in situ detection of telomerase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3736-3748. [PMID: 33876119 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08412c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase, a special ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase, can maintain the length and stability of telomeres and plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Due to the distinguishable expression level in normal cells and cancer cells, telomerase has become an important biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Despite major breakthroughs in the field of telomerase detection, the extracts in the cell lysate are still the first choice as the analyte nevertheless, which will bring serious inaccuracies compared with the real intracellular activity. With the development of nanotechnology and nanomaterials, extraordinary progress has been made in telomerase detection by employing different versatile nanoprobes. In this review, we list the superiority of nanoprobes and systematically summarize the applications of nanoprobes in telomerase detection from the aspects of various nanomaterials and discuss the current challenges and potential trends in the future design of nanoprobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengze Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
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Ebrahimi SB, Samanta D, Mirkin CA. DNA-Based Nanostructures for Live-Cell Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11343-11356. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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A pH-responsive colorimetric detection of human telomerase RNA based on a three-dimensional DNA amplifier. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1111:67-74. [PMID: 32312398 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human telomerase RNA (hTR), one of the essential components of telomerase, serves as a reverse template to add repeated segments of (TTAGGG)n to the 3' end of telomere DNA for maintaining the length of telomere DNA, endowing cells indefinite proliferation capability. Expression level of hTR displays a close relationship with tumor grade. Inspired by the mechanism of urease hydrolyzing urea to release ammonia and elevate the pH value of the sample solution, we developed a facile and novel pH-responsive colorimetric strategy for hTR detection by incorporating catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) onto the magnetic beads (MBs). The CHA process was initiated by target hTR and recycled via toehold binding and branch migration, thereby abundant urease being anchored on the surface of MBs. After separated by an external magnetic field, the assembled urease catalyzed the hydrolysis of urea to release a large amount of ammonia, which gave rise to a remarkable pH signal. Thus, quantification of hTR was achieved by measuring the solution pH via a hand-held pH meter or visualizing the solution color with the assistance of the pH indicator phenol red. The proposed sensing platform exhibits excellent performance toward hTR with a detection limit as low as 41 pM and a remarkable sequence selectivity, being able to differentiate a single mismatch in the target DNA. The pH-responsive colorimetric sensing platform contributes to introducing pH-related portable strategies into the detections of numerous universal biomarkers such as nucleic acids and proteins.
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Li X, Yin F, Xu X, Liu L, Xue Q, Tong L, Jiang W, Li C. A facile DNA/RNA nanoflower for sensitive imaging of telomerase RNA in living cells based on "zipper lock-and-key" strategy. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 147:111788. [PMID: 31671380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The sensitive imaging of telomerase RNA (TR) in living cells is crucial for improved guidance in cancer clinical diagnosis because its expression level is closely related to malignant diseases. The efficient delivery of multiple nucleic acid probes to target cells is critical for nucleic acid-based methods to successfully image low-abundance TR in living cells. While novel nanomaterials enhance delivery efficiency, uncontrolled loading and slow intracellular release remain major challenges for multiple-probe delivery. Here, we designed a facile DNA/RNA nanoflower (NF) to perform the controlled loading of multiple probes and rapid intracellular release based on the "zipper lock-and-key" strategy. First, a long RNA generated by rolling circle transcription acts as both the "smart zipper lock" and the delivery carrier to alternately lock multiple functional DNAs through DNA-RNA base pairing, and the resulting RNA/DNA hybrids self-assemble into packed NFs. The functional DNAs include the fluorescence molecular beacon H1 for TR recognition, H2 for hybrid chain reaction (HCR) and DNA-cholesterol for size control. After NF internalization by the cells, the intracellular RNase H acts as the "key" to specifically open the DNA/RNA NFs by cleaving the RNA in the DNA/RNA hybrid, releasing high amounts of H1 and H2 in a confined space and thereby facilitating the HCR amplification analysis of cytoplasmic TR. With the addition of a DNA-nuclear localization peptide component in the same NF, nuclear TR can also be sensitively detected. Compared with the regular H1/H2 mixture, the DNA/RNA NFs produced a higher-contrast fluorescence signal. This indicated that the proposed strategy allowed the side arms of H1/H2 to be sealed into the RNA sequence-programmed "zipper lock" by controlled loading, avoiding mutual nonspecific H1/H2 hybridization. In addition, due to the fast kinetics of the RNase endonuclease reaction, the loaded H1/H2 was quickly released. Furthermore, the strategy was successfully used to assay the expression levels of TR in HeLa, HepG2 and HL-7702 cells, demonstrating that this approach holds the potential for the sensitive detection of low-abundance biomarkers in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, PR China; Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, PR China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, PR China
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, PR China
| | - Liqi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, PR China
| | - Qingwang Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, PR China
| | - Lin Tong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, PR China
| | - Chenzhong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, USA.
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17
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Guo C, Zhang Y, Li Y, Xu S, Wang L. 19F MRI Nanoprobes for the Turn-On Detection of Phospholipase A2 with a Low Background. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8147-8153. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Suying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Leyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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18
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Chenab KK, Eivazzadeh-Keihan R, Maleki A, Pashazadeh-Panahi P, Hamblin MR, Mokhtarzadeh A. Biomedical applications of nanoflares: Targeted intracellular fluorescence probes. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 17:342-358. [PMID: 30826476 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoflares are intracellular probes consisting of oligonucleotides immobilized on various nanoparticles that can recognize intracellular nucleic acids or other analytes, thus releasing a fluorescent reporter dye. Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) complementary to mRNA for a target gene is constructed containing a 3'-thiol for binding to gold nanoparticles. The ssDNA "recognition sequence" is prehybridized to a shorter DNA complement containing a fluorescent dye that is quenched. The functionalized gold nanoparticles are easily taken up into cells. When the ssDNA recognizes its complementary target, the fluorescent dye is released inside the cells. Different intracellular targets can be detected by nanoflares, such as mRNAs coding for genes over-expressed in cancer (epithelial-mesenchymal transition, oncogenes, thymidine kinase, telomerase, etc.), intracellular levels of ATP, pH values and inorganic ions can also be measured. Advantages include high transfection efficiency, enzymatic stability, good optical properties, biocompatibility, high selectivity and specificity. Multiplexed assays and FRET-based systems have been designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Khanmohammadi Chenab
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Eivazzadeh-Keihan
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Pashazadeh-Panahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan Province, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biotechnology, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran.
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