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Zhang H, Pan Y, Li Y, Tang C, Xu Z, Li C, Xu F, Mai Y. Hybrid Polymer Vesicles: Controllable Preparation and Potential Applications. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3929-3953. [PMID: 37579246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid polymer vesicles contain functional nanoparticles (NPs) in their walls, interfaces, coronae, or cavities. NPs render the hybrid vesicles with specific physical properties, while polymers endow them with structural stability and may significantly reduce the high toxicity of NPs. Therefore, hybrid vesicles integrate fascinating multifunctions from both NPs and polymeric vesicles, which have gained tremendous attention because of their diverse promising applications. Various types of delicate hybrid polymeric vesicles with size control and tunable localization of NPs in different parts of vesicles have been constructed via in situ and ex situ strategies, respectively. Their potential applications have been widely explored, as well. This review presents the progress of block copolymer (BCP) vesicle systems containing different types of NPs including metal NPs, magnetic NPs, and semiconducting quantum dots (QDs), etc. The strategies for controlling the location of NPs within hybrid vesicles are discussed. Typical potential applications of the elegant hybrid vesicles are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chen Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fugui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Sun H, Gao Y, Fan Y, Du J, Jiang J, Gao C. Polymeric Bowl-Shaped Nanoparticles: Hollow Structures with a Large Opening on the Surface. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300196. [PMID: 37246639 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric bowl-shaped nanoparticles (BNPs) are anisotropic hollow structures with large openings on the surface, which have shown advantages such as high specific area and efficient encapsulation, delivery and release of large-sized cargoes on demand compared to solid nanoparticles or closed hollow structures. Several strategies have been developed to prepare BNPs based on either template or template-free methods. For instance, despite the widely used self-assembly strategy, alternative methods including emulsion polymerization, swelling and freeze-drying of polymeric spheres, and template-assisted approaches have also been developed. It is attractive but still challenging to fabricate BNPs due to their unique structural features. However, there is still no comprehensive summary of BNPs up to now, which significantly hinders the further development of this field. In this review, the recent progress of BNPs will be highlighted from the perspectives of design strategies, preparation methods, formation mechanisms, and emerging applications. Moreover, the future perspectives of BNPs will also be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yaning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yirong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jinhui Jiang
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Chenchen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
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Shi XJ, Liu Z, Xie YC, Xu M, He XH. Homopolypeptide Vesicles Triggered by Side-Chain Hydration. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang J, Jiang J, Lin S, Cornel EJ, Li C, Du J. Polymersomes: from macromolecular self‐assembly to particle assembly. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Jinhui Jiang
- Department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Sha Lin
- Department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Erik Jan Cornel
- Department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University 4800 Caoan Road Shanghai 201804 China
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University Shanghai 200434 China
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Chen J, Gong M, Fan Y, Feng J, Han L, Xin HL, Cao M, Zhang Q, Zhang D, Lei D, Yin Y. Collective Plasmon Coupling in Gold Nanoparticle Clusters for Highly Efficient Photothermal Therapy. ACS NANO 2022; 16:910-920. [PMID: 35023718 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanomaterials with strong absorption at near-infrared frequencies are promising photothermal therapy agents (PTAs). The pursuit of high photothermal conversion efficiency has been the central focus of this research field. Here, we report the development of plasmonic nanoparticle clusters (PNCs) as highly efficient PTAs and provide a semiquantitative approach for calculating their resonant frequency and absorption efficiency by combining the effective medium approximation (EMA) theory and full-wave electrodynamic simulations. Guided by the theoretical prediction, we further develop a universal strategy of space-confined seeded growth to prepare various PNCs. Under optimized growth conditions, we achieve a record photothermal conversion efficiency of up to ∼84% for gold-based PNCs, which is attributed to the collective plasmon-coupling-induced near-unity absorption efficiency. We further demonstrate the extraordinary photothermal therapy performance of the optimized PNCs in in vivo application. Our work demonstrates the high feasibility and efficacy of PNCs as nanoscale PTAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Mingfu Gong
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Ji Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Lili Han
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Huolin L Xin
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Muhan Cao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Dangyuan Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Zheng M, Yuan J. Polymeric nanostructures based on azobenzene and their biomedical applications: synthesis, self-assembly and stimuli-responsiveness. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:749-767. [PMID: 34908082 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01823j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymers can self-assemble to form nanoparticles with different structures under suitable conditions. Polymer nanoparticles functionalized with aromatic azo groups are endowed with photo-responsive properties. In recent years, a variety of photoresponsive polymers and nanoparticles have been developed based on azobenzene, using different molecular design strategies and synthetic routes. This article reviews the progress of this rapidly developing research field, focusing on the structure, synthesis, assembly and response of photo-responsive polymer assemblies. According to the molecular structure, photo-responsive polymers can be divided into linear polymers containing azobenzene in a side chain, linear polymers containing azobenzene in the main chain, linear polymers containing azobenzene in an end group, branched polymers containing azobenzene and supramolecular polymers containing azobenzene. These systems have broad biomedical application prospects in the field of drug delivery and imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Zheng
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jinying Yuan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Wang Y, Sun H. Polymeric Nanomaterials for Efficient Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2108. [PMID: 34959388 PMCID: PMC8709338 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections have threatened the lives of human beings for thousands of years either as major diseases or complications. The elimination of bacterial infections has always occupied a pivotal position in our history. For a long period of time, people were devoted to finding natural antimicrobial agents such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), antibiotics and silver ions or synthetic active antimicrobial substances including antimicrobial peptoids, metal oxides and polymers to combat bacterial infections. However, with the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR), bacterial infection has become one of the most urgent problems worldwide. The efficient delivery of antimicrobial agents to the site of infection precisely is a promising strategy for reducing bacterial resistance. Polymeric nanomaterials have been widely studied as carriers for constructing antimicrobial agent delivery systems and have shown advantages including high biocompatibility, sustained release, targeting and improved bioavailability. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in highly efficient delivery of antimicrobial agents by polymeric nanomaterials such as micelles, vesicles, dendrimers, nanogels, nanofibers and so forth. The biomedical applications of polymeric nanomaterial-based delivery systems in combating MDR bacteria, anti-biofilms, wound healing, tissue engineering and anticancer are demonstrated. Moreover, conclusions and future perspectives are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Liu X, Yue X, Li J, Yan N, Jiang W. Hierarchical superstructures assembled from pH-responsive gold nanoparticles in deformable emulsion droplets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10258-10261. [PMID: 34528641 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03555j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Integrating stimuli-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) into shape-tunable hierarchical superstructures has emerged as a powerful way to fabricate smart materials. Here, we propose a robust strategy for the fabrication of sheet-like superlattices and hollow capsules by precisely tuning the interfacial tension of emulsion droplets containing pH-responsive gold nanoparticle building blocks, providing an efficient route to construct hierarchical superstructures with different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinlan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Nan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Sun H, Wang Y, Song J. Polymer Vesicles for Antimicrobial Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2903. [PMID: 34502943 PMCID: PMC8434374 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer vesicles, hollow nanostructures with hydrophilic cavity and hydrophobic membrane, have shown significant potentials in biomedical applications including drug delivery, gene therapy, cancer theranostics, and so forth, due to their unique cell membrane-like structure. Incorporation with antibacterial active components like antimicrobial peptides, etc., polymer vesicles exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity, extended circulation time, and reduced cell toxicity. Furthermore, antibacterial, and anticancer can be achieved simultaneously, opening a new avenue of the antimicrobial applications of polymer vesicles. This review seeks to highlight the state-of-the-art of antimicrobial polymer vesicles, including the design strategies and potential applications in the field of antibacterial. The structural features of polymer vesicles, preparation methods, and the combination principles with antimicrobial active components, as well as the advantages of antimicrobial polymer vesicles, will be discussed. Then, the diverse applications of antimicrobial polymer vesicles such as wide spectrum antibacterial, anti-biofilm, wound healing, and tissue engineering associated with their structure features are presented. Finally, future perspectives of polymer vesicles in the field of antibacterial is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yin Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Jiahui Song
- Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
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Wu CJ, Huang SQ, Wang YY, Chai YQ, Yuan R, Yang X. DNA Structure-Stabilized Liquid-Liquid Self-Assembled Ordered Au Nanoparticle Interface for Sensitive Detection of MiRNA 155. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11019-11024. [PMID: 34324804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) can be self-assembled in a bottom-up orderly manner at the oil-water interface, which is widely used as SERS platforms, but the stability of the Au NP interface needs to be improved due to shaking or shifting and the Brownian motion. The DNA structure with unique sequence specificity, excellent programmability, and flexible end-group modification capability owns good potential to precisely control the plasmonic structure's distance. In this study, a large area of the SERS substrate is obtained from the DNA structure-stabilized self-assembled ordered Au NPs on the cyclohexane-water interface. Combining with the exonuclease III (exo III)-assisted DNA recycling amplification strategy, we construct a liquid-phase SERS biosensor for efficient detection of microRNA 155 (miRNA 155). Compared with the traditional randomly assembled Au NPs on the two-phase interface, the SERS signal is significantly enhanced and more stable. The detection limit of the SERS biosensor for miRNA 155 reached 1.45 fmol/L, which has a very wide linear range (100 fmol/L-5 nmol/L). This work gives an efficient approach to stabilize the self-assembly Au NPs on the liquid-liquid interface, which can broaden the application of SERS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Si-Qi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yu-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ya-Qin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
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Liu D, Sun H, Xiao Y, Chen S, Cornel EJ, Zhu Y, Du J. Design principles, synthesis and biomedical applications of polymer vesicles with inhomogeneous membranes. J Control Release 2020; 326:365-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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de Vries WC, Niehues M, Wissing M, Würthwein T, Mäsing F, Fallnich C, Studer A, Ravoo BJ. Photochemical preparation of gold nanoparticle decorated cyclodextrin vesicles with tailored plasmonic properties. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:9384-9391. [PMID: 31042250 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report a photochemical strategy for the preparation of plasmonic vesicles by the in situ formation of gold nanoparticles at the surface of cyclodextrin host vesicle templates decorated with photoactive guest polymers. Upon irradiation with UV light, these carefully designed polymer shells undergo a Norrish type I reaction to generate reducing radicals for the in situ reduction of gold salts and simultaneously provide a stabilizing matrix allowing for a dense decoration with discrete gold seeds. In a highly controlled growth procedure the gold particle size can be adjusted between 3 and 28 nm resulting in an increasing interparticle plasmonic coupling as revealed by a pronounced redshift of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band and an enhanced absorption at wavelengths above 600 nm. This unique combination of cyclodextrin vesicles capable of specifically recognizing guest molecules with a plasmonic particle shell displaying multiple interparticle gaps acting as electromagnetic hotspots shows great potential for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilke C de Vries
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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Sun H, Liu D, Du J. Nanobowls with controlled openings and interior holes driven by the synergy of hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction. Chem Sci 2019; 10:657-664. [PMID: 30774866 PMCID: PMC6349061 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03995j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric nanoparticles such as nanobowls have promising potential in many fields due to their interior asymmetric cavities and specific concave structure. However, the fabrication of nanobowls and control over their openings and interior holes are still challenging. Herein we demonstrate a versatile strategy for preparing nanobowls with precisely controlled openings and interior holes based on the synergy of hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction of homopolymers. We designed and synthesized a series of amphiphilic homopolymers with an amino alcohol moiety and azobenzene pendant (poly(2-hydroxy-3-((4-(phenyldiazenyl)phenyl)amino)propyl methacrylate) (PHAzoMA)). The homopolymers can self-assemble into nanobowls due to the heterogeneous shrinkage of the preformed spheres. Upon increasing the molecular weight of the homopolymers from 10.1 to 76.9 kg mol-1, the sizes of the openings of nanobowls can be precisely controlled from 242 to 423 nm with a linear relationship as a result of the enhancement of the hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction between homopolymer chains. Overall, we have prepared finely controlled nanobowls by the synergy of non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction of polymers, which opens a new avenue for the preparation of asymmetric nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Polymeric Materials , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road , Shanghai 201804 , China . ; ; Tel: +86-21-6958-0239
| | - Danqing Liu
- Department of Polymeric Materials , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road , Shanghai 201804 , China . ; ; Tel: +86-21-6958-0239
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road , Shanghai 201804 , China . ; ; Tel: +86-21-6958-0239
- Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200072 , China
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