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Tahseen H, Ul Huda N, Nawaz H, Majeed MI, Alwadie N, Rashid N, Aslam MA, Zafar N, Asghar M, Anwar A, Ashraf A, Umer R. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for comparison of biochemical profile of bacteriophage sensitive and resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123968. [PMID: 38330510 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is gram positive bacteria and leading cause of a wide variety of diseases. It is a common cause of hospitalized and community-acquired infections. Development of increasing antibiotic-resistance by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains demand to develop alternate novel therapies. Bacteriophages are now widely used as antibacterial therapies against antibiotic-resistant gram-positive pathogens. So, there is an urgent need to find fast detection techniques to point out phage susceptible and resistant strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Samples of two separate strains of bacteria, S. aureus, in form of pellets and supernatant, were used for this purpose. Strain-I was resistant to phage, while the other (strain-II) was sensitive. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) has detected significant biochemical changes in these bacterial strains of pellets and supernatants in the form of SERS spectral features. The protein portion of these two types of strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in their relevant pellets and supernatants is major distinguishing biomolecule as shown by their representative SERS spectral features. In addition, multivariate data analysis techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and a partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were found to be helpful in identifying and characterizing various strains of S. aureus which are sensitive and resistant to bacteriophage with 100% specificity, 100% accuracy, and 99.8% sensitivity in case of SERS spectral data sets of bacterial cell pellets. Moreover, in case of supernatant samples, the results of PLS-DA model including 95.5% specificity, 96% sensitivity, and 96.5% accuracy are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Tahseen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Noor Ul Huda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Irfan Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Najah Alwadie
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nosheen Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir Aslam
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nishat Zafar
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maria Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rabiea Umer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Hossain MI, Nanda SS, Cho S, Lee B, Kim BJ, Choi JY, Yi DK. Gold Nanorod Density-Dependent Label-Free Bacteria Sensing on a Flake-like 3D Graphene-Based Device by SERS. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:962. [PMID: 37998137 PMCID: PMC10669247 DOI: 10.3390/bios13110962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an effective technique for biosensing, enabling label-free detection of biomolecules with enhanced sensitivity. There is a tremendous probability of signal failure in Raman frequencies because of the scattering of the Raman radiation in liquids, effective SERS improvement is required to reduce this issue when considering liquid specimens. We examined a liquid bacterial sample, investigating the electrostatic interactions of the bacterial samples with gold nanorods (AuNRs) and graphene. We established a voltage-gated 3D graphene functionalized with an AuNR-based device on the silicon substrate for SERS measurements when the applied voltage ranges from 0 to 3 V. Moreover, AuNRs density-susceptible bacterial sample analysis with varied concentrations of bacterial samples has also been described. Using bacterial SERS analysis, the bacterial components amide II (1555-1565 cm-1) and amide III (1250-1350 cm-1) have been discovered for both bacteria, Gram-positive, Listeria monocytogenes and Gram-negative, Salmonella typhi. Our fabricated device affords an interesting label-free, rapid, and reproducible bacterial sample analysis based on the density of the AuNRs when functionalizing flake-like 3D graphene, which can help facilitate label-free bacteria sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Imran Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea; (M.I.H.)
| | - Sitansu Sekhar Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea; (M.I.H.)
| | - Sooheon Cho
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bom Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Jun Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Choi
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea; (M.I.H.)
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Haq AU, Majeed MI, Nawaz H, Rashid N, Javed MR, Raza A, Shakeel M, Zahra ST, Meraj L, Perveen A, Murtaza S, Khaliq S. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for monitoring antibacterial activity of imidazole derivative (1-benzyl-3-(sec‑butyl)-1H-imidazole-3-ium bromide) against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Ahn SI. A study on signal enhancement of a Raman probe using an optical pickup unit. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10802. [PMID: 36217491 PMCID: PMC9547214 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A simplified fabrication method for an optical pickup unit (OPU)-based Raman probe was introduced. The use of OPU tracking mode was examined to increase the Raman signal and reduce background signals. Unlike most Raman systems, the tracking mode of the OPU moves the objective lens in the x (or y) direction, thus resulting in a significantly reduced background signal and increased Raman signal intensity. These results can be explained by two factors, such as reducing the surface scattering of the incident light from the objective lens and decreasing signal blocking by a dot mirror, which depends on the horizontal position of the objective lens. The reproducibility of the OPU Raman in tracking mode is higher than the OPU Raman in normal mode. The peak position deviation was calculated to be around ±3 cm−1. The Raman spectra of normal organic samples were obtained under the same conditions and recorded as per the applied voltage in the OPU tracking mode to validate the fabricated device. The objective lens shifts resulted in increased Raman peaks and reduced background signals. The maximum peak-position difference for all samples was 10 cm−1 compared to reference peaks obtained using a commercial Raman system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Il Ahn
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Rapid, Label-Free Prediction of Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhimurium by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031356. [PMID: 35163280 PMCID: PMC8835768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid identification of bacterial antibiotic susceptibility is pivotal to the rational administration of antibacterial drugs. In this study, cefotaxime (CTX)-derived resistance in Salmonella typhimurium (abbr. CTXr-S. typhimurium) during 3 months of exposure was rapidly recorded using a portable Raman spectrometer. The molecular changes that occurred in the drug-resistant strains were sensitively monitored in whole cells by label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Various degrees of resistant strains could be accurately discriminated by applying multivariate statistical analyses to bacterial SERS profiles. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values showed a positive linear correlation with the relative Raman intensities of I990/I1348, and the R2 reached 0.9962. The SERS results were consistent with the data obtained by MIC assays, mutant prevention concentration (MPC) determinations, and Kirby-Bauer antibiotic susceptibility tests (K-B tests). This preliminary proof-of-concept study indicates the high potential of the SERS method to supplement the time-consuming conventional method and help alleviate the challenges of antibiotic resistance in clinical therapy.
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Ayhan K, Coşansu S, Orhan-Yanıkan E, Gülseren G. Advance methods for the qualitative and quantitative determination of microorganisms. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Nanda SS, Kaushal S, Shin Y, Yun K, An SSA, Hembram KPSS, Papaefthymiou GC, Yi DK. Cancer Cell Detection on the Surface of Top-Gated Monolayer Graphene via Raman Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1493-1498. [PMID: 35014498 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A label-free biosensor is described based on the Raman spectroscopic signatures of monolayer graphene, which are modified in the compartment of cancer cells because of electron-phonon coupling in monolayer graphene. Specifically, the Raman spectra of electrostatically gated monolayer graphene on SiO2/Si substrates, in the voltage range from 0 to 5 V, were studied in the absence and the presence of cancer cells. Density functional theory simulations afforded a correlation between cancer cells and the observed Raman spectra, through the regulation of the intensities of the G and 2D Raman vibrational modes with applied voltage. The C-H and N-H bonds of phenylalanine enabled the detection of this biosensing activity. Significantly, this detection can be carried out even in the absence of cancer cell-culturing steps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandeep Kaushal
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 03674, South Korea
| | - Yong Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Kyusik Yun
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, South Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, South Korea
| | - K P S S Hembram
- Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | | | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Yongin 03674, South Korea
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A study on the bio-applicability of aqueous-dispersed van der Waals 1-D material Nb 2Se 9 using poloxamer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:176. [PMID: 33420413 PMCID: PMC7794490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, dispersion of a new type of one-dimensional inorganic material Nb2Se9, composed of van der Waals bonds, in aqueous solution for bio-application study were studied. To disperse Nb2Se9, which exhibits hydrophobic properties in water, experiments were carried out using a block copolymer (poloxamer) as a dispersant. It was confirmed that PPO, the hydrophobic portion of Poloxamer, was adsorbed onto the surface of Nb2Se9, and PEO, the hydrophilic portion, induced steric hinderance to disperse Nb2Se9 to a size of 10 nm or less. To confirm the adaptability of muscle cells C2C12 to the dispersed Nb2Se9 using poloxamer 188 as dispersant, a MTT assay and a live/dead assay were performed, demonstrating improvement in the viability and proliferation of C2C12 cells.
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Ahn SI. Study on a Raman spectrometer utilizing an optical pickup unit and pulsed power. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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More MP, Deshmukh PK. Computational studies and biosensory applications of graphene-based nanomaterials: a state-of-the-art review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:432001. [PMID: 32498048 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab996e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, graphene oxide (GO) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are expected to play a vital role in the diagnosis of severe ailments. Computer-based simulation approaches are helpful for understanding theoretical tools prior to experimental investigation. These theoretical tools still have a high computational requirement. Thus, more efficient algorithms are required to perform studies on even larger systems. The present review highlights the recent advancement in structural confinement using computer simulation approaches along with biosensory applications of graphene-based materials. The computer simulation approaches help to identify the interaction between interacting molecules and sensing elements like graphene sheets. The simulation approach reduces the wet-lab experiment time and helps to predict the interaction and interacting environment. The experimental investigation can be tuned at a molecular level easily to predict small changes in structural configuration. Here, the molecular simulation study could be useful as an alternative to actual wet experimental approaches. The sensing ability of graphene-based materials is a result of interactions like hydrogen bonding, base-base interaction, and base-to-pi interaction to name a few. These interactions help in designing and engineering a substrate for sensing of various biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh P More
- Department of Pharmaceutics, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karwand Naka, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India. Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
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Fabricating a Raman spectrometer using an optical pickup unit and pulsed power. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11692. [PMID: 32678168 PMCID: PMC7366627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Raman spectroscopy is a major analytical tool in modern chemical experiments, commercial Raman spectrometers remain very pricey for educational and research purposes in individual university laboratories. Thus, this study focused on the structural similarity between the Raman spectrometer and an optical pickup unit (OPU), which is an inexpensive compact optical device used for a part of optical discs. The study investigated whether or not a full set of Raman spectrometer can be developed at a cost of less than 1,000 US$. The OPU-based Raman spectrometer was fabricated using 3D printer-made components, a Raman edge filter, and a laser diode with a wavelength of 520 nm as the light source. A function generator was used as a pulsed power source to analyze the characteristics of the OPU Raman spectrometer according to various frequencies and duty ratios. When using a pulsed DC power supply, the laser wavelength tended to move to a longer wavelength with increases in duty ratios. That is, the higher the frequency at the same duty ratio, the weaker the background light intensity compared with the scattered Raman signal intensity. The findings illustrate that Raman signal strength can be adjusted by adjusting the focal length of the objective lens of the OPU through an external adjustment of an additional DC power. In the Raman spectra of all solid and liquid samples used, the maximum error rate reached approximately 11 cm−1, whereas the maximum intensity deviation reached approximately ± 6%. The cost of the complete OPU Raman spectrometer is less than 1,100 US$ using a function generator as power source and less than 930 US$ using a DC adapter. If the optical density (OD) 6 filter can be replaced with the OD 4 filter, then the costs are expected to decrease to approximately 730 US$.
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Kaushal S, Nanda SS, Samal S, Yi DK. Strategies for the Development of Metallic‐Nanoparticle‐Based Label‐Free Biosensors and Their Biomedical Applications. Chembiochem 2019; 21:576-600. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaushal
- Department of ChemistryMyongji University Myong Ji Road 116 17058 Yongin Republic of Korea
| | - Sitansu Sekhar Nanda
- Department of ChemistryMyongji University Myong Ji Road 116 17058 Yongin Republic of Korea
| | - Shashadhar Samal
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringGIST 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro Buk-gu 61005 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kee Yi
- Department of ChemistryMyongji University Myong Ji Road 116 17058 Yongin Republic of Korea
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