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Pavlović Saftić D, Krošl Knežević I, de Lera Garrido F, Tolosa J, Majhen D, Piantanida I, García Martínez JC. Trimeric and Tetrameric Cationic Styryl Dyes as Novel Fluorescence and CD Probes for ds-DNA and ds-RNA. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5724. [PMID: 38891911 PMCID: PMC11171523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The wide use of mono- or bis-styryl fluorophores in biomedical applications prompted the presented design and study of a series of trimeric and tetrameric homo-analogues, styryl moieties arranged around a central aromatic core. The interactions with the most common biorelevant targets, ds-DNA and ds-RNA, were studied by a set of spectrophotometric methods (UV-VIS, fluorescence, circular dichroism, thermal denaturation). All studied dyes showed strong light absorption in the 350-420 nm range and strongly Stokes-shifted (+100-160 nm) emission with quantum yields (Φf) up to 0.57, whereby the mentioned properties were finely tuned by the type of the terminal cationic substituent and number of styryl components (tetramers being red-shifted in respect to trimers). All studied dyes strongly interacted with ds-DNA and ds-RNA with 1-10 nM-1 affinity, with dye emission being strongly quenched. The tetrameric analogues did not show any particular selectivity between ds-DNA or ds-RNA due to large size and consequent partial, non-selective insertion into DNA/RNA grooves. However, smaller trimeric styryl series showed size-dependent selective stabilization of ds-DNA vs. ds-RNA against thermal denaturation and highly selective or even specific recognition of several particular ds-DNA or ds-RNA structures by induced circular dichroism (ICD) bands. The chiral (ICD) selectivity was controlled by the size of a terminal cationic substituent. All dyes entered efficiently live human cells with negligible cytotoxic activity. Further prospects in the transfer of ICD-based selectivity into fluorescence-chiral methods (FDCD and CPL) is proposed, along with the development of new analogues with red-shifted absorbance properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijana Pavlović Saftić
- Division of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.S.); (I.K.K.)
| | - Ivona Krošl Knežević
- Division of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.S.); (I.K.K.)
| | - Fernando de Lera Garrido
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (F.d.L.G.); (J.T.)
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Juan Tolosa
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (F.d.L.G.); (J.T.)
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivo Piantanida
- Division of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.S.); (I.K.K.)
| | - Joaquín Calixto García Martínez
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (F.d.L.G.); (J.T.)
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, C/Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
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Wu ZH, Skabeev A, Zagranyarski Y, Duan R, Jin JO, Kwak M, Basché T, Müllen K, Li C. High-Performance Near-Infrared Chlorinated Rylenecarboximide Fluorophores via Consecutive C-N and C-C Bond Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315156. [PMID: 37947588 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A new class of near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores, PAI, is obtained by consecutive C-N/C-C bond formation between diphenylamines and 9,10-dibromoperylenecarboximide. Owing to the rigid structure, extended π-conjugation and pronounced push-pull substitution, these fluorophores show emission maxima up to 804 nm and large Stokes shifts. The extraordinarily high fluorescence quantum yields from 47 % to 70 % are attributed to chloro substitution in the bay positions of the perylene core. These characteristics, together with high photostability, qualify them as useful NIR emitters for applications as biomarkers and security inks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Hua Wu
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Artem Skabeev
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yulian Zagranyarski
- Fac Chem & Pharm, Sofia Univ. St Kliment Ohridski, 1 James Bourchier Blvd, Sofia, 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Ruomeng Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, No. 1 Daxue Rd., Songshan Lake, Dongguan City, 523820 Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Thomas Basché
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Chen Li
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, No. 1 Daxue Rd., Songshan Lake, Dongguan City, 523820 Guangdong Province, P. R. China
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Szepesi Kovács D, Kontra B, Chiovini B, Müller D, Tóth EZ, Ábrányi-Balogh P, Wittner L, Várady G, Turczel G, Farkas Ö, Owen MC, Katona G, Győrffy B, Keserű GM, Mucsi Z, Rózsa BJ, Kovács E. Effective synthesis, development and application of a highly fluorescent cyanine dye for antibody conjugation and microscopy imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8829-8836. [PMID: 37917021 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01471a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric cyanine-type fluorescent dye was designed and synthesized via a versatile, multi-step process, aiming to conjugate with an Her2+ receptor specific antibody by an azide-alkyne click reaction. The aromaticity and the excitation and relaxation energetics of the fluorophore were characterized by computational methods. The synthesized dye exhibited excellent fluorescence properties for confocal microscopy, offering efficient applicability in in vitro imaging due to its merits such as a high molar absorption coefficient (36 816 M-1 cm-1), excellent brightness, optimal wavelength (627 nm), larger Stokes shift (26 nm) and appropriate photostability compared to cyanines. The conjugated cyanine-trastuzumab was constructed via an effective, metal-free, strain-promoted azide-alkyne click reaction leading to a regulated number of dyes being conjugated. This novel cyanine-labelled antibody was successfully applied for in vitro confocal imaging and flow cytometry of Her2+ tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes Szepesi Kovács
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Kontra
- Brain Vision Center, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Femtonics Ltd., H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University Doctoral School, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Chiovini
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, H-1444 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dalma Müller
- Semmelweis University Doctoral School, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Oncology Biomarker Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Estilla Zsófia Tóth
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University Doctoral School, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Integrative Neuroscience Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Ábrányi-Balogh
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lucia Wittner
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Integrative Neuroscience Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Várady
- Molecular Cell Biology Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Turczel
- NMR Research Laboratory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ödön Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael C Owen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, Miskolc H-3515, Hungary
- Higher Education and Industrial Cooperation Centre, University of Miskolc, Miskolc H-3515, Hungary
| | - Gergely Katona
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, H-1444 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Oncology Biomarker Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Miklós Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Mucsi
- Brain Vision Center, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Femtonics Ltd., H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, Miskolc H-3515, Hungary
| | - Balázs J Rózsa
- Brain Vision Center, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, H-1444 Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of 3D Functional Network and Dendritic Imaging, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ervin Kovács
- Femtonics Ltd., H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Polymer Chemistry and Physics Research Group, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
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Putralis R, Korotkaja K, Kaukulis M, Rudevica Z, Jansons J, Nilova O, Rucins M, Krasnova L, Domracheva I, Plotniece M, Pajuste K, Sobolev A, Rumnieks F, Bekere L, Zajakina A, Plotniece A, Duburs G. Styrylpyridinium Derivatives for Fluorescent Cell Imaging. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1245. [PMID: 37765053 PMCID: PMC10535741 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A set of styrylpyridinium (SP) compounds was synthesised in order to study their spectroscopic and cell labelling properties. The compounds comprised different electron donating parts (julolidine, p-dimethylaminophenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl), conjugated linkers (vinyl, divinyl), and an electron-withdrawing N-alkylpyridinium part. Geminal or bis-compounds incorporating two styrylpyridinium (bis-SP) moieties at the 1,3-trimethylene unit were synthesised. Compounds comprising a divinyl linker and powerful electron-donating julolidine donor parts possessed intensive fluorescence in the near-infrared region (maximum at ~760 nm). The compounds had rather high cytotoxicity towards the cancerous cell lines HT-1080 and MH-22A; at the same time, basal cytotoxicity towards the NIH3T3 fibroblast cell line ranged from toxic to harmful. SP compound 6e had IC50 values of 1.0 ± 0.03 µg/mL to the cell line HT-1080 and 0.4 µg/mL to MH-22A; however, the basal toxicity LD50 was 477 mg/kg (harmful). The compounds showed large Stokes' shifts, including 195 nm for 6a,b, 240 nm for 6e, and 325 and 352 nm for 6d and 6c, respectively. The highest photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) values were observed for 6a,b, which were 15.1 and 12.2%, respectively. The PLQY values for the SP derivatives 6d,e (those with a julolidinyl moiety) were 0.5 and 0.7%, respectively. Cell staining with compound 6e revealed a strong fluorescent signal localised in the cell cytoplasm, whereas the cell nuclei were not stained. SP compound 6e possessed self-assembling properties and formed liposomes with an average diameter of 118 nm. The obtained novel data on near-infrared fluorescent probes could be useful for the development of biocompatible dyes for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinis Putralis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Ksenija Korotkaja
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (K.K.); (Z.R.); (J.J.); (O.N.); (F.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Martins Kaukulis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Zhanna Rudevica
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (K.K.); (Z.R.); (J.J.); (O.N.); (F.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Juris Jansons
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (K.K.); (Z.R.); (J.J.); (O.N.); (F.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Olga Nilova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (K.K.); (Z.R.); (J.J.); (O.N.); (F.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Martins Rucins
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Krasnova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Ilona Domracheva
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Mara Plotniece
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Karlis Pajuste
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Arkadij Sobolev
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Felikss Rumnieks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (K.K.); (Z.R.); (J.J.); (O.N.); (F.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Laura Bekere
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Anna Zajakina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (K.K.); (Z.R.); (J.J.); (O.N.); (F.R.); (A.Z.)
| | - Aiva Plotniece
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Gunars Duburs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (R.P.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (L.K.); (I.D.); (K.P.); (A.S.); (L.B.)
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Wickramasinghe NI, Corbin B, Kanakarathna DY, Pang Y, Abeywickrama CS, Wijesinghe KJ. Bright NIR-Emitting Styryl Pyridinium Dyes with Large Stokes' Shift for Sensing Applications. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:799. [PMID: 37622885 PMCID: PMC10452306 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Two NIR-emitting donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) type regioisomeric styryl pyridinium dyes (1a-1b) were synthesized and studied for their photophysical performance and environment sensitivity. The two regioisomers, 1a and 1b, exhibited interesting photophysical properties including, longer wavelength excitation (λex ≈ 530-560 nm), bright near-infrared emission (λem ≈ 690-720 nm), high-fluorescence quantum yields (ϕfl ≈ 0.24-0.72) large Stokes' shift (∆λ ≈ 150-240 nm) and high-environmental sensitivity. Probe's photophysical properties were studied in different environmental conditions such as polarity, viscosity, temperature, and concentration. Probes (1a-1b) exhibited noticeable changes in absorbance, emission and Stokes' shift while responding to the changes in physical environment. Probe 1b exhibited a significant bathochromic shift in optical spectra (∆λ ≈ 20-40 nm) compared to its isomer 1a, due to the regio-effect. Probes (1a-1b) exhibited an excellent ability to visualize bacteria (Bacillus megaterium, Escherichia coli), and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) via fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Corbin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Devni Y. Kanakarathna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | | | - Kaveesha J. Wijesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka
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Efimova AS, Ustimova MA, Chmelyuk NS, Abakumov MA, Fedorov YV, Fedorova OA. Specific Fluorescent Probes for Imaging DNA in Cell-Free Solution and in Mitochondria in Living Cells. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:734. [PMID: 37504132 PMCID: PMC10377282 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
New styryl dyes consisting of N-methylpyridine or N-methylquinoline scaffolds were synthesized, and their binding affinities for DNA in cell-free solution were studied. The replacement of heterocyclic residue from the pyridine to quinoline group as well as variation in the phenyl part strongly influenced their binding modes, binding affinities, and spectroscopic responses. Biological experiments showed the low toxicity of the obtained dyes and their applicability as selective dyes for mitochondria in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Efimova
- Laboratory of Photoactive Supramolecular Systems, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Technology of Fine Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Dyes, Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sqr. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariya A Ustimova
- Laboratory of Photoactive Supramolecular Systems, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nelly S Chmelyuk
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnoilogy, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim A Abakumov
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnoilogy, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury V Fedorov
- Laboratory of Photoactive Supramolecular Systems, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A Fedorova
- Laboratory of Photoactive Supramolecular Systems, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 28, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Technology of Fine Organic Synthesis and Chemistry of Dyes, Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sqr. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia
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Abeywickrama CS. Large Stokes shift benzothiazolium cyanine dyes with improved intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) for cell imaging applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9855-9869. [PMID: 35983738 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03880c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT) is a crucial photophysical phenomenon that can be used to improve the Stokes' shift in fluorescent dyes. The introduction of molecular asymmetry is a promising approach to mitigate significant drawbacks of the symmetric cyanine dyes due to their narrow Stokes' shifts (Δλ < 20 nm). In this feature article, we discuss recent progress towards improving the Stokes' shift (Δλ > 100 nm) in benzothiazolium-based fluorophore systems via efficient ICT and recent discoveries related to potentially useful live cell imaging applications of these asymmetric cyanine dyes. This article explores three interesting asymmetric benzothiazolium dye designs (D-π-A, π-A and D-π-2A) in detail while discussing their optical properties. The key advantage of these probes is the synthetic tunability of the probe's photophysical properties and cellular selectivity by simply modifying the donor (D) or the acceptor (A) group in the structure. These new asymmetric ICT fluorophore systems exhibit large Stokes' shifts, high biocompatibility, wash-free staining, red to NIR emission and facile excitation with commercially available laser wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathura S Abeywickrama
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Abeywickrama CS, Baumann HJ, Bertman KA, Corbin B, Pang Y. The Unexpected Selectivity Switching from Mitochondria to Lysosome in a D-π-A Cyanine Dye. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:504. [PMID: 35884307 PMCID: PMC9313378 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two interesting benzothizolium-based D-π-A type hemicyanine dyes (3a-3b) with a diphenylamine (-NPh2) donor group were evaluated for fluorescence confocal microscopy imaging ability in live cells (MO3.13, NHLF). In sharp contrast to previously reported D-π-A dyes with alkyl amine donor (-NR2) groups (1), 3a and 3b exhibited significantly different photophysical properties and organelle selectivity. Probes 3a and 3b were nearly non-fluorescent in many polar and non-polar solvents but exhibited a bright red fluorescence (λem ≈ 630-640 nm) in stained MO3.13 and NHLF with very low probe concentrations (i.e., 200 nM). Fluorescence confocal microscopy-based co-localization studies revealed excellent lysosome selectivity from the probes 3a-3b, which is in sharp contrast to previously reported D-π-A type benzothiazolium dyes (1) with an alkyl amine donor group (-NR2) (exhibiting selectivity towards cellular mitochondria). The photostability of probe 3 was found to be dependent on the substituent (R') attached to the quaternary nitrogen atom in the cyanine dye structure. The observed donor-dependent selectivity switching phenomenon can be highly useful in designing novel organelle-targeted fluorescent probes for live-cell imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathura S. Abeywickrama
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (H.J.B.); (K.A.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Hannah J. Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (H.J.B.); (K.A.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Keti A. Bertman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (H.J.B.); (K.A.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Brian Corbin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (H.J.B.); (K.A.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (H.J.B.); (K.A.B.); (B.C.)
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
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9
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Bertman KA, Abeywickrama CS, Pang Y. A NIR Emitting Cyanine with Large Stokes' Shift for Mitochondria and Identification of their Membrane Potential Disruption. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100516. [PMID: 34783144 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An NIR emitting (λem ≈730 nm) cyanine probe ExCy was synthesized in good yields by extending the π-conjugation length (i. e., with furan moiety) to the donor-accepter system. ExCy exhibited a large Stokes' shift (Δλ≈100 nm) due to strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and high fluorescence quantum yield (Φfl ≈0.47 in DCM). Due to its low fluorescence in an aqueous environment (Φfl ≈0.007 in H2 O), the probe exhibited the potential of achieving a large fluorescence turn-on upon entering a hydrophobic cellular environment. Fluorescence confocal microscopy studies revealed that ExCy was readily excitable with a far-red laser line (i. e., 640 nm) while the corresponding emission was collected in the NIR region. ExCy exhibited excellent selectivity towards live cell mitochondria according to the co-localization studies. The probe also exhibited high photostability, long-term imaging ability and wash-free staining ability, when being applied to live cells. Our studies indicated that the mitochondrial localization of ExCy was dependent on the membrane potential of the mitochondria. ExCy was successfully utilized as a mitochondrial membrane potential dysfunction indicator to visually identify cells with mitochondrial dysfunction via fluorescence confocal microscopy. ExCy was further examined for potential in vivo imaging of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keti A Bertman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA
| | | | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA.,Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA
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10
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Dahal D, Ojha KR, Pokhrel S, Paruchuri S, Konopka M, Liu Q, Pang Y. NIR-emitting styryl dyes with large Stokes' shifts for imaging application: From cellular plasma membrane, mitochondria to Zebrafish neuromast. DYES AND PIGMENTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2021; 194:109629. [PMID: 34366501 PMCID: PMC8345024 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2021.109629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) emitting probes with very large Stokes' shifts play a crucial role in bioimaging applications, as the optical signals in this region exhibit high signal to background ratio and allow deeper tissue penetration. Herein we illustrate NIR-emitting probe 2 with very large Stokes' shifts (Δλ ≈ 260 - 272 nm) by integrating the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) unit 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (HBO) into a pyridinium derived cyanine. The ESIPT not only enhances the Stokes' shifts but also improves the quantum efficiency of the probe 2 (фfl = 0.27 - 0.40 in DCM). The application of 2 in live cells imaging reveals that compound 2 stains mitochondria in eukaryotic cells, normal human lungs fibroblast (NHLF), Zebrafish's neuromast hair cells, and support cells, and inner plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells, Escherichia coli (E. coli).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipendra Dahal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Krishna R Ojha
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Sabita Pokhrel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Sailaja Paruchuri
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Michael Konopka
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Biology, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
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11
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Abeywickrama CS, Baumann HJ, Pang Y. Simultaneous Visualization of Mitochondria and Lysosome by a Single Cyanine Dye: The Impact of the Donor Group (-NR 2) Towards Organelle Selectivity. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:1227-1234. [PMID: 34297321 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02786-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A benzothiazolium-based hemicyanine dye (probe 3) has been synthesized by attaching a morpholine group into a phenyl benzothiazolium skeleton. Probe 3 exhibited interesting photophysical characteristics including red emission (λem ≈600 nm), enhanced Stokes shift (Δλ ≈80 nm) and sensitivity to solvent polarity. Although the probe 3 exhibited almost no emission in aqueous environments (φfl ≈0.002), its fluorescence could be increased by ≈50 fold in organic solvents (φfl ≈0.10), making it possible for live cell imaging under wash-free conditions. Probe 3 exhibited excellent ability to visualize cellular mitochondria and lysosomes simultaneously, as observed from fluorescence confocal microscopy. In addition, probe 3 also exhibited good biocompatibility (calculated LC50 > 20 µM) and high photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathura S Abeywickrama
- Department of Chemistry and Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Hannah J Baumann
- Department of Chemistry and Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry and Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
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12
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D-π-A'-π-A chromophores with quinoxaline core in the π-electron bridge and charged heterocyclic acceptor moiety: Synthesis, DFT calculations, photophysical and electro-chemical properties. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Bertman KA, Abeywickrama CS, Pang Y. Synthesis of a far-red emitting flavonoid-based lysosome marker for live cell imaging applications. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104040. [PMID: 32659485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A bright far-red emitting flavonoid derivative (FuraET) was synthesized in good yields by inserting a π extension group (i.e., furan) into the flavonoid skeleton, via using the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. FuaraET exhibited optical absorption at λab ≈ 450 nm and emission λem ≈ 660 nm by recognizing as the first far-red emitting flavonoid derivative reported. FuraET exhibited a large Stokes shift (Δλ > 150 nm) high fluorescent quantum yield (φfl ≈ 0.2-0.4), and good photostability indicating excellent characteristics for an imaging probe. Live cell fluorescent confocal microscopy imaging revealed the exceptional selectivity of the FuraET towards cellular lysosomes (Mander's overlap coefficients >0.9). The observed non-alkalinizing nature and high biocompatibility (LC50 > 50 µM) suggested that FuraET can a reliable lysosome marker for live cell imaging experiments. Our further study also indicated that FuraET may likely internalized into hydrophobic regions of the cellular lysosomes in contrast to acidic lysosomal lumen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
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14
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Abeywickrama CS, Bertman KA, Pang Y. From nucleus to mitochondria to lysosome selectivity switching in a cyanine probe: The phenolic to methoxy substituent conversion affects probe’s selectivity. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Abeywickrama CS, Bertman KA, Mcdonald LJ, Alexander N, Dahal D, Baumann HJ, Salmon CR, Wesdemiotis C, Konopka M, Tessier CA, Pang Y. Synthesis of highly selective lysosomal markers by coupling 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HBT) with benzothiazolium cyanine (Cy): the impact of substituents on selectivity and optical properties. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:7502-7514. [PMID: 31712794 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01672d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
HBT-Cy 1 has been previously reported as a highly selective fluorescent probe for lysosome visualization in live cells. To further investigate the role of the structural components of HBT-Cy in lysosome selectivity, cyanine based fluorescent probe series (2-5) have been synthesized in good yields by connecting benzothiazolium cyanine (Cy) with 2-hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole (HBT) via a meta phenylene ring. Probes 2-5 exhibited exceptional photophysical properties including bright red-emission (λem≈ 630-650 nm), a large Stokes shift (Δλ > 130 nm) and high fluorescence quantum yields (φfl≈ 0.1-0.5). Probes 2, 3, and 5 exhibited exceptional selectivity towards cellular lysosomes in NHLF and MO3.13 cells. Our further study revealed that the phenyl benzothiazolium cyanine component (6) was the lysosome directing group in the HBT-Cy probe structure. The attachment of the hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole (HBT) component to the HBT-Cy probe structure has significantly improved its photophysical properties. Lysosome probes 2, 3 and 5 exhibited excellent biocompatibility, quick staining, bright red fluorescence, and wash-free application for live cell imaging. These probes further exhibited excellent characteristics for bioimaging experiments including a non-alkalinizing nature, high biocompatibility, high photostability and long-term imaging ability (>4 hours).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keti A Bertman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Lucas J Mcdonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Nicolas Alexander
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Dipendra Dahal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Hannah J Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Carrie R Salmon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Michael Konopka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Claire A Tessier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA. and Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
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16
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Yang G, Jin X, Chen K, Yang D. Uncovering the excited state trends and ESIPT mechanism for 2-(hydroxy-3-dimethyl-phenyl)-benzooxazole-6-carboxylicacid. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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17
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Price J, Albright E, Decken A, Eisler S. Thioarylmaleimides: accessible, tunable, and strongly emissive building blocks. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9562-9566. [PMID: 31497835 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01741k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of thioarylmaleimides was synthesized to investigate how variation of the thioaryl group can be used to control absorption and emission properties in solution and in the solid-state. Fine-tuning of the photochemical properties was found to be possible using this strategy, and a rainbow of colours and emission wavelengths are accessible in a single step from commercially available compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayden Price
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, CanadaE3B 5A3.
| | - Emily Albright
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, CanadaE3B 5A3.
| | - Andreas Decken
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, CanadaE3B 5A3.
| | - Sara Eisler
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, CanadaE3B 5A3.
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18
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Abeywickrama CS, Bertman KA, Plescia CB, Stahelin RV, Pang Y. Structural Effect on the Cellular Selectivity of an NIR-Emitting Cyanine Probe: From Lysosome to Simultaneous Nucleus and Mitochondria Selectivity with Potential for Monitoring Mitochondria Dysfunction in Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5174-5181. [PMID: 35021460 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline B. Plescia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Robert V. Stahelin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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19
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Mohapatra S, Das G, Kar C, Nitani M, Ie Y, Aso Y, Ghosh S. Mitochondria-Targeted New Blue Light-Emitting Fluorescent Molecular Probe. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:9361-9366. [PMID: 31460025 PMCID: PMC6649077 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of a nontoxic fluorescent molecular probe to "light up" specific cellular organelles is extremely essential to understand dynamics of intracellular components. Here, we report a new nontoxic mitochondria-targeted linear bithiazole compound, containing trifluoroacetyl terminal groups, which emits intense blue fluorescence and stained mitochondria of various cells. Interestingly, the power of fluorescence is completely off when the bithiazole unit is stapled by a carbonyl bridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswat Mohapatra
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical
Biology, 4 Raja S. C.
Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai 201002, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical
Biology, 4 Raja S. C.
Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai 201002, India
| | - Chirantan Kar
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical
Biology, 4 Raja S. C.
Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Masashi Nitani
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Osaka 567-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ie
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Osaka 567-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshio Aso
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Osaka 567-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical
Biology, 4 Raja S. C.
Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai 201002, India
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20
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Abeywickrama CS, Wijesinghe KJ, Stahelin RV, Pang Y. Bright red-emitting highly reliable styryl probe with large Stokes shift for visualizing mitochondria in live cells under wash-free conditions. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2019; 285:76-83. [PMID: 31762582 PMCID: PMC6874369 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2019.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bright red-emitting pyridinium cyanine based styryl probe 2 is synthesized in good yields. Probe 2 demonstrated a large Stokes' shift (Δλ ≈ 128 nm, 4227 cm-1 in DCM) and excellent fluorescent quantum yield (ϕfl ≈ 0.2 - 0.7) due to strong Intra-molecular charge transfer (ICT). Probe 2 found to exhibit exceptional selectivity for cellular mitochondria in both normal (COS-7) and cancer (A549) cell lines. Probe 2 is readily applicable as a "wash-free" dye to visualize mitochondria as it does not require post-staining washing prior to imaging. Styryl probe 2 also showed an excellent biocompatibility as the calculated LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) value was > 20 μM. Probe 2 emission did not show any interferences from anionic species or other biological molecules. Probe 2 is readily excitable (λex ∼460 and λem ∼618 nm) with the available laser (454 nm) in commercial microscopes and thus it can be a useful probe for mitochondrial tracking in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaveesha J Wijesinghe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert V Stahelin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
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21
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Song W, Dong B, Kong X, Wang C, Zhang N, Lin W. Development of a mitochondrial-targeted ratiometric probe for the detection of SO 2 in living cells and zebrafishes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 209:196-201. [PMID: 30390505 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2), as the fourth gas signal molecule, is closely related to many diseases including respiratory diseases, nervous system diseases, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Herein, we present a novel mitochondria-targeted ratiometric fluorescent probe (CS) for the detection of SO2 in living cells and zebrafishes. The probe CS was constructed on the base of coumarin and benzopyranium fluorophores, and exhibited intense blue and red fluorescence simultaneously. After the response to SO2, the fluorescence at 433 nm enhanced significantly while the fluorescence at 683 nm decreased obviously. The probe CS has a high sensitivity and selectivity to SO2. Moreover, the probe CS has been successfully applied to the detection of mitochondrial SO2 in living cells and zebrafishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Song
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Baoli Dong
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China.
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22
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Sheet SK, Sen B, Aguan K, Khatua S. A cationic organoiridium(iii) complex-based AIEgen for selective light-up detection of rRNA and nucleolar staining. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11477-11490. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02099j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated Ir(iii) complex-based AIEgen has been developed to selectively detect and stain the cell rRNA which has been revealed by in vitro PL studies and cell imaging experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjoy Kumar Sheet
- Centre for Advanced Studies
- Department of Chemistry
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong
- India
| | - Bhaskar Sen
- Centre for Advanced Studies
- Department of Chemistry
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong
- India
| | - Kripamoy Aguan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong
- India
| | - Snehadrinarayan Khatua
- Centre for Advanced Studies
- Department of Chemistry
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong
- India
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