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Kohei M, Takizawa N, Tsutsumi R, Xu W, Kumagai N. Azo-tagged C4N4 fluorophores: unusual overcrowded structures and their application to fluorescent imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2889-2893. [PMID: 36744956 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00049d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The C4N4 fluorophore is an intense fluorescence emitter featuring a 2,5-diaminopyrimidine core comprising four carbon and four nitrogen atoms. A series of C4N4 derivatives was photochemically dimerized at the 5-amino group, furnishing overcrowded ortho-tetraaryl-substituted diaryl azo compounds with a characteristic skewed structure revealed by X-ray crystallography. The photoquenched azo-C4N4s are useful for fluorescently visualizing cells under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Kohei
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Naoki Takizawa
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Wei Xu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Naoya Kumagai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan. .,Institute of Microbial Chemistry, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
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Danilkina NA, Andrievskaya EV, Vasileva AV, Lyapunova AG, Rumyantsev AM, Kuzmin AA, Bessonova EA, Balova IA. 4-Azidocinnoline-Cinnoline-4-amine Pair as a New Fluorogenic and Fluorochromic Environment-Sensitive Probe. Molecules 2021; 26:7460. [PMID: 34946541 PMCID: PMC8704291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A new type of fluorogenic and fluorochromic probe based on the reduction of weakly fluorescent 4-azido-6-(4-cyanophenyl)cinnoline to the corresponding fluorescent cinnoline-4-amine was developed. We found that the fluorescence of 6-(4-cyanophenyl)cinnoline-4-amine is strongly affected by the nature of the solvent. The fluorogenic effect for the amine was detected in polar solvents with the strongest fluorescence increase in water. The environment-sensitive fluorogenic properties of cinnoline-4-amine in water were explained as a combination of two types of fluorescence mechanisms: aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and excited state intermolecular proton transfer (ESPT). The suitability of an azide-amine pair as a fluorogenic probe was tested using a HepG2 hepatic cancer cell line with detection by fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry, and HPLC analysis of cells lysates. The results obtained confirm the possibility of the transformation of the azide to amine in cells and the potential applicability of the discovered fluorogenic and fluorochromic probe for different analytical and biological applications in aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Danilkina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.D.); (A.V.V.); (A.G.L.); (E.A.B.)
| | | | - Anna V. Vasileva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.D.); (A.V.V.); (A.G.L.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Anna G. Lyapunova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.D.); (A.V.V.); (A.G.L.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Andrey M. Rumyantsev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Andrey A. Kuzmin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Tikhoretsky Avenue 4, 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Elena A. Bessonova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.D.); (A.V.V.); (A.G.L.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Irina A. Balova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.D.); (A.V.V.); (A.G.L.); (E.A.B.)
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Adachi K, Meguro T, Sakata Y, Igawa K, Tomooka K, Hosoya T, Yoshida S. Selective strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloadditions through transient protection of bicyclo[6.1.0]nonynes with silver or gold. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9823-9826. [PMID: 32716445 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04606j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Complexation of bicyclo[6.1.0]nonynes with a cationic silver or gold salt results in protection from a click reaction with azides. The cycloalkyne protection using the silver or gold salt enables selective strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloadditions of diynes keeping the bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne moiety unreacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Adachi
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Meguro
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Yuki Sakata
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Kazunobu Igawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tomooka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Suguru Yoshida
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
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Yamasaki A, Alam JM, Noshiro D, Hirata E, Fujioka Y, Suzuki K, Ohsumi Y, Noda NN. Liquidity Is a Critical Determinant for Selective Autophagy of Protein Condensates. Mol Cell 2020; 77:1163-1175.e9. [PMID: 31995729 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Clearance of biomolecular condensates by selective autophagy is thought to play a crucial role in cellular homeostasis. However, the mechanism underlying selective autophagy of condensates and whether liquidity determines a condensate's susceptibility to degradation by autophagy remain unknown. Here, we show that the selective autophagic cargo aminopeptidase I (Ape1) undergoes phase separation to form semi-liquid droplets. The Ape1-specific receptor protein Atg19 localizes to the surface of Ape1 droplets both in vitro and in vivo, with the "floatability" of Atg19 preventing its penetration into droplets. In vitro reconstitution experiments reveal that Atg19 and lipidated Atg8 are necessary and sufficient for selective sequestration of Ape1 droplets by membranes. This sequestration is impaired by mutational solidification of Ape1 droplets or diminished ability of Atg19 to float. Taken together, we propose that cargo liquidity and the presence of sufficient amounts of autophagic receptor on cargo are crucial for selective autophagy of biomolecular condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Yamasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 141-0021, Japan; Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Jahangir Md Alam
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Daisuke Noshiro
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Eri Hirata
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yuko Fujioka
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Kuninori Suzuki
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan; Life Science Data Research Center, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan; Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ohsumi
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Nobuo N Noda
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 141-0021, Japan.
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