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Multi-stimuli-responsive color/fluorescence dual-switching behavior of a hyperbranched polyamidoamine bearing viologen and adamantane units. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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2
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De R, Mahata MK, Kim K. Structure-Based Varieties of Polymeric Nanocarriers and Influences of Their Physicochemical Properties on Drug Delivery Profiles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105373. [PMID: 35112798 PMCID: PMC8981462 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Carriers are equally important as drugs. They can substantially improve bioavailability of cargos and safeguard healthy cells from toxic effects of certain therapeutics. Recently, polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) have achieved significant success in delivering drugs not only to cells but also to subcellular organelles. Variety of natural sources, availability of different synthetic routes, versatile molecular architectures, exploitable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability have presented polymers as one of the most desired materials for nanocarrier design. Recent innovative concepts and advances in PNC-associated nanotechnology are providing unprecedented opportunities to engineer nanocarriers and their functions. The efficiency of therapeutic loading has got considerably increased. Structural design-based varieties of PNCs are widely employed for the delivery of small therapeutic molecules to genes, and proteins. PNCs have gained ever-increasing attention and certainly paves the way to develop advanced nanomedicines. This article presents a comprehensive investigation of structural design-based varieties of PNCs and the influences of their physicochemical properties on drug delivery profiles with perspectives highlighting the inevitability of incorporating both the multi-stimuli-responsive and multi-drug delivery properties in a single carrier to design intelligent PNCs as new and emerging research directions in this rapidly developing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit De
- Laboratory of Molecular NeurophysiologyDepartment of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB)Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Manoj Kumar Mahata
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut ‐ BiophysikGeorg‐August‐Universität GöttingenFriedrich‐Hund‐Platz 1Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Kyong‐Tai Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular NeurophysiologyDepartment of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB)Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
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3
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Abstract
The construction of well-defined polyurethane dendrimers is challenging due to the high reactivity of externally added or in situ formed isocyanates leading to the formation of side products. With a primary focus of dendrimer research being the interaction of the periphery and the core, we report the synthesis of a common polyurethane dendron, which allows for the late-stage variation of both the periphery and the core. The periphery can be varied simply by installing a clickable unit in the dendron and then attaching to the core and vice-versa. Thus, a common dendron allows for varying periphery and core in the final two steps. To accomplish this, a protecting group-free, one-pot multicomponent Curtius reaction was utilized to afford a robust and versatile AB2 type polyurethane dendron employing commercially available simple molecules: 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid, 11-bromoundecanol, and 4-penten-1-ol. Subsequent late-stage modifications of either dendrons or dendrimers via a thiol-ene click reaction gave surface-functionalized alternating aromatic-aliphatic polyurethane homodendrimers to generation-three (G3). The dendrons and the dendrimers were characterized by NMR, mass spectrometry, and FT-IR analysis. A bifunctional AB2 type dendritic monomer demonstrated this approach’s versatility that can either undergo a thiol-ene click or attachment to the core. This approach enables the incorporation of functionalities at the periphery and the core that may not withstand the dendrimer growth for the synthesis of polyurethane dendrimers and other dendritic macromolecules.
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4
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Chen X, Michinobu T. Postpolymerization Modification: A Powerful Tool for the Synthesis and Function Tuning of Stimuli‐Responsive Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2‐12‐1 Ookayama, Meguro‐ku Tokyo 152‐8552 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Michinobu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2‐12‐1 Ookayama, Meguro‐ku Tokyo 152‐8552 Japan
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5
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Yang C, Lin ZI, Chen JA, Xu Z, Gu J, Law WC, Yang JHC, Chen CK. Organic/Inorganic Self-Assembled Hybrid Nano-Architectures for Cancer Therapy Applications. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100349. [PMID: 34735739 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since the conceptualization of nanomedicine, numerous nanostructure-mediated drug formulations have progressed into clinical trials for treating cancer. However, recent clinical trial results indicate such kind of drug formulations has a limited improvement on the antitumor efficacy. This is due to the biological barriers associated with those formulations, for example, circulation stability, extravasation efficiency in tumor, tumor penetration ability, and developed multi-drug resistance. When employing for nanomedicine formulations, pristine organic-based and inorganic-based nanostructures have their own limitations. Accordingly, organic/inorganic (O/I) hybrids have been developed to integrate the merits of both, and to minimize their intrinsic drawbacks. In this context, the recent development in O/I hybrids resulting from a self-assembly strategy will be introduced. Through such a strategy, organic and inorganic building blocks can be self-assembled via either chemical covalent bonds or physical interactions. Based on the self-assemble procedure, the hybridization of four organic building blocks including liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, and polymeric nanocapsules with five functional inorganic nanoparticles comprising gold nanostructures, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon-based materials, quantum dots, and silica nanoparticles will be highlighted. The recent progress of these O/I hybrids in advanced modalities for combating cancer, such as, therapeutic agent delivery, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and immunotherapy will be systematically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zheng-Ian Lin
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jian-An Chen
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Zhourui Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jiayu Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jason Hsiao Chun Yang
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 40724, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Chen
- Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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Geiselhart CM, Mutlu H, Barner‐Kowollik C. Vorbeugen oder Heilen – die beispiellose Notwendigkeit von selbstberichtenden Materialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Geiselhart
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen 3 Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen 3 Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
- School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
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Geiselhart CM, Mutlu H, Barner‐Kowollik C. Prevent or Cure-The Unprecedented Need for Self-Reporting Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17290-17313. [PMID: 33217121 PMCID: PMC8359351 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-reporting smart materials are highly relevant in modern soft matter materials science, as they allow for the autonomous detection of changes in synthetic polymers, materials, and composites. Despite critical advantages of such materials, for example, prolonged lifetime or prevention of disastrous material failures, they have gained much less attention than self-healing materials. However, as diagnosis is critical for any therapy, it is of the utmost importance to report the existence of system changes and their exact location to prevent them from spreading. Thus, we herein critically review the chemistry of self-reporting soft matter materials systems and highlight how current challenges and limitations may be overcome by successfully transferring self-reporting research concepts from the laboratory to the real world. Especially in the space of diagnostic self-reporting systems, the recent SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic indicates an urgent need for such concepts that may be able to detect the presence of viruses or bacteria on and within materials in a self-reporting fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Geiselhart
- Soft Matter Synthesis LaboratoryInstitute for Biological Interfaces 3Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein LeopoldshafenGermany
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis LaboratoryInstitute for Biological Interfaces 3Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein LeopoldshafenGermany
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD4000Australia
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD4000Australia
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Tong QS, Miao WM, Huang H, Luo JQ, Liu R, Huang YC, Zhao DK, Shen S, Du JZ, Wang J. A Tumor-Penetrating Nanomedicine Improves the Chemoimmunotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101208. [PMID: 34145747 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant tumors with a low survival rate. The therapeutic effect of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for PDAC is disappointing due to the presence of dense tumor stroma and immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a tumor-penetrating nanoparticle is reported to modulate the deep microenvironment of PDAC for improved chemoimmunotherapy. The tumor pH-sensitive polymer is synthesized by conjugating N,N-dipentylethyl moieties and monomethoxylpoly(ethylene glycol) onto PAMAM dendrimer, into whose cavity a hydrophobic gemcitabine (Gem) prodrug is accommodated. They self-assemble into nanoparticles (denoted as SPN@Pro-Gem) with the size around 120 nm at neutral pH, but switch into small particles (≈8 nm) at tumor site to facilitate deep delivery of Gem into the tumor parenchyma. In addition to killing cancer cells that resided deeply in the tumor tissue, SPN@Pro-Gem could modulate the TME by reducing the abundance of tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells as well as upregulating the expression level of PD-L1 of tumor cells. This collectively facilitates the infiltration of cytotoxic T cells into the tumors and renders checkpoint inhibitors more effective in previously unresponsive PDAC models. This study reveals a promising strategy for improving the chemoimmunotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Song Tong
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei-Min Miao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hua Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Jia-Qi Luo
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Rong Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yong-Cong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Dong-Kun Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Song Shen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Du
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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9
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Li R, Huang X, Lu G, Feng C. Mercapto-responsive polymeric nano-carrier capable of releasing sulfur dioxide. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01601b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This article reports platform to prepare polymeric nano-carriers capable of releasing SO2 and hydrophobic payloads upon triggering by mercapto-containing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruru Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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10
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Falireas PG, Ladmiral V, Ameduri B. Synthesis, aqueous solution behavior and self-assembly of a dual pH/thermo-responsive fluorinated diblock terpolymer. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01515f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of fluorinated dual-responsive block terpolymers via sequential reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is presented.
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11
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Okten Besli NS, Orakdogen N. Charge-balanced terpolymer poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid) hydrogels and cryogels: scaling parameters and correlation with composition. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10470-10487. [PMID: 33063815 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01306d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The scaling laws relating the preparation conditions to the swelling degree, reduced modulus and effective crosslinking density of poly(diethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid), henceforth designated as PDHA, gels prepared by radical crosslinking copolymerization in a solvent mixture were reported. Charge-balanced terpolymer PDHA hydrogels and cryogels (PDHA-Hgs and Cgs) were prepared in different monomer feed compositions. The swelling dependence of the reduced modulus was described by a power law relationship Gr≈ (φV)m with an exponent of m = -0.30 at low swelling degree, while in the high swelling region the scaling becomes 0.21, indicating the finite extensibility of the network chains. The scaling exponent for the swelling degree and terpolymer composition, φV≈ (Nν)m, was found to be -0.13, indicating the increasing extent of the topological constraints arising from the trapped entanglements. By combining elasticity and swelling results, the scaling relationship between the apparent crosslink density and HEMA content used in the terpolymer feed was obtained as a cubic polynomial of the mol% of HEMA. In the HEMA-rich terpolymer PDHA Hgs and Cgs, the swelling degree was possibly controlled by the HEMA part of the terpolymer network, while the presence of DEAEM units in the network triggered the thermoresponsive swelling behavior. The dependence of interaction parameter χ on the volume fraction of the crosslinked terpolymer network in the swollen gel ν2 was evaluated and the results revealed extremely strong concentration dependence of χ for all terpolymer samples. Because of their inherent properties, the resulting terpolymer gels might contribute to the improvement of the loading capacity of polymers used in anticancer drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Sena Okten Besli
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Soft Materials Research Laboratory, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Razavi B, Abbaszadeh R, Salami-Kalajahi M, Roghani-Mamaqani H. Multi-responsive poly(amidoamine)-initiated dendritic-star supramolecular structures containing UV cross-linkable coumarin groups for smart drug delivery. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Le NTT, Nguyen TNQ, Cao VD, Hoang DT, Ngo VC, Hoang Thi TT. Recent Progress and Advances of Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Dendrimers in Drug Delivery for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E591. [PMID: 31717376 PMCID: PMC6920789 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that nanocarriers as drug delivery systems overcome the limitation of chemotherapy, the leakage of encapsulated drugs during the delivery process to the target site can still cause toxic effects to healthy cells in other tissues and organs in the body. Controlling drug release at the target site, responding to stimuli that originated from internal changes within the body, as well as stimuli manipulated by external sources has recently received significant attention. Owning to the spherical shape and porous structure, dendrimer is utilized as a material for drug delivery. Moreover, the surface region of dendrimer has various moieties facilitating the surface functionalization to develop the desired material. Therefore, multi-stimuli-responsive dendrimers or 'smart' dendrimers that respond to more than two stimuli will be an inspired attempt to achieve the site-specific release and reduce as much as possible the side effects of the drug. The aim of this review was to delve much deeper into the recent progress of multi-stimuli-responsive dendrimers in the delivery of anticancer drugs in addition to the major potential challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Thuy Trang Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Nhu Quynh Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, Buu Long Ward, Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province 810000, Vietnam; (T.N.Q.N.); (V.D.C.); (D.T.H.); (V.C.N.)
| | - Van Du Cao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, Buu Long Ward, Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province 810000, Vietnam; (T.N.Q.N.); (V.D.C.); (D.T.H.); (V.C.N.)
| | - Duc Thuan Hoang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, Buu Long Ward, Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province 810000, Vietnam; (T.N.Q.N.); (V.D.C.); (D.T.H.); (V.C.N.)
| | - Van Cuong Ngo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, Buu Long Ward, Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province 810000, Vietnam; (T.N.Q.N.); (V.D.C.); (D.T.H.); (V.C.N.)
| | - Thai Thanh Hoang Thi
- Biomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
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