1
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Xin H, Zhang L, Liao J, Duan XH, Yang X, Guo LN. Photoredox-Catalyzed Sequential Decarboxylative/Defluorinative Aminoalkylation of CF 3-Alkenes with N-Arylglycines. Org Lett 2024; 26:6030-6034. [PMID: 38976347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
A photoredox-catalyzed sequential decarboxylative/defluorinative aminoalkylation of CF3-alkenes with N-arylglycines is described. This metal-free and redox-neutral protocol provided efficient access to the monofluoroalkenyl-1,5-diamines in good yields with excellent functional group compatibility. Mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction proceeds via a radical pathway with the gem-difluoroalkenyl amine as an intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jinyi Liao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Li-Na Guo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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2
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Li Q, Huang JD, Liu T, van der Pol TPA, Zhang Q, Jeong SY, Stoeckel MA, Wu HY, Zhang S, Liu X, Woo HY, Fahlman M, Yang CY, Fabiano S. A Highly Conductive n-Type Conjugated Polymer Synthesized in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15860-15868. [PMID: 38814791 PMCID: PMC11177263 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a benchmark hole-transporting (p-type) polymer that finds applications in diverse electronic devices. Most of its success is due to its facile synthesis in water, exceptional processability from aqueous solutions, and outstanding electrical performance in ambient. Applications in fields like (opto-)electronics, bioelectronics, and energy harvesting/storage devices often necessitate the complementary use of both p-type and n-type (electron-transporting) materials. However, the availability of n-type materials amenable to water-based polymerization and processing remains limited. Herein, we present a novel synthesis method enabling direct polymerization in water, yielding a highly conductive, water-processable n-type conjugated polymer, namely, poly[(2,2'-(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-phenylene)diacetic acid)-stat-3,7-dihydrobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']difuran-2,6-dione] (PDADF), with remarkable electrical conductivity as high as 66 S cm-1, ranking among the highest for n-type polymers processed using green solvents. The new n-type polymer PDADF also exhibits outstanding stability, maintaining 90% of its initial conductivity after 146 days of storage in air. Our synthetic approach, along with the novel polymer it yields, promises significant advancements for the sustainable development of organic electronic materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifan Li
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Jun-Da Huang
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Tiefeng Liu
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science
and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Tom P. A. van der Pol
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Qilun Zhang
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea
University, Seoul 136-713, Republic
of Korea
| | - Marc-Antoine Stoeckel
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science
and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Han-Yan Wu
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Silan Zhang
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Xianjie Liu
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea
University, Seoul 136-713, Republic
of Korea
| | - Mats Fahlman
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Chi-Yuan Yang
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Simone Fabiano
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science
and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
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3
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Ling J, Zhou L. Picking Two out of Three: Defluorinative Annulation of Trifluoromethyl Alkenes for the Synthesis of Monofluorinated Carbo- and Heterocycles. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300332. [PMID: 38251926 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The increasing demand of organofluorine compounds in medicine, agriculture, and materials sciences makes sophisticated methods for their synthesis ever more necessary. Nowadays, not only the C-F bond formation but also the selective C-F bond cleavage of readily available poly- or perfluorine-containing compounds have become powerful tools for the effective synthesis of organofluorine compounds. The defluorinative cross-coupling of trifluoromethyl alkenes with various nucleophiles or radical precursors in an SN 2' manner is a convergent route to access gem-difluoroalkenes, which in turn react with nucleophiles or radical precursors via an SN V-type reaction. If the SN V reactions occur intramolecularly, the dual C-F bond cleavage of trifluoromethyl alkenes allows facile assembly of monofluorinated cyclic skeletons with structural complexity and diversity. In this personal account, we summarized the advances in this field on the basis of coupling and cyclization partners, including binucleophiles, alkynes, diradical precursors and radical precursors bearing a nucleophilic site. Accordingly, the annulation reactions can be achieved by base-mediated sequential SN 2'/SN V reactions, transition metal catalyzed or mediated reactions, photoredox catalysis, and the combination of photocatalytic reactions with SN V reaction. In the context of seminal works of others in this field, a concise summary of the contributions of the authors is also offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Ling
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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4
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Wei X, Zhang Y, Zhang JJ, Fang W, Chen Z. Solvent-Controllable C-F Bond Activation for Masked Formylation of α-Trifluoromethyl Alkenes via Organo-Photoredox Catalysis. J Org Chem 2024; 89:624-632. [PMID: 38115588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
A solvent-controllable organo-photoredox-catalyzed C-F bond activation for masked formylation of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes with low-priced 1,3-dioxolane as masked formyl radical equivalent has been described. Consequently, a diversity of masked formylated gem-difluoroalkenes and monofluoroalkenes are constructed in moderate to high yields. This approach merits readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, and broad substrate scope. The feasibility of this approach has been highlighted by the one-pot masked formylation/hydrolysis sequence to form γ,γ-difluoroallylic aldehydes and late-stage modification of pharmaceutical and natural product derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Weiwei Fang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
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5
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He SL, Bao YS, Hu J, Bai C, Liu D. Selective and controllable amination and defluoroamidation of α-trifluoromethylstyrene. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8658-8662. [PMID: 37878244 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01595e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
We present a blueprint for the amination and defluoroamidation of α-trifluoromethylstyrene. This practical protocol presents a general method for the diversity-oriented synthesis of vicinal trifluoromethyl amines and gem-difluoro alkenes from α-trifluoromethylstyrene maintaining excellent chemoselectivity. The synthetic strategy features outstanding atom economy and wide functional group tolerance under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Lian He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
| | - Yong-Sheng Bao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
| | - Juan Hu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
| | - Chaolumen Bai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
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6
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Tian J, Zhou L. Photoredox radical/polar crossover enables C-H gem-difunctionalization of 1,3-benzodioxoles for the synthesis of monofluorocyclohexenes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6045-6051. [PMID: 37293655 PMCID: PMC10246682 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00912b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A photocatalytic C-H gem-difunctionalization of 1,3-benzodioxoles with two different alkenes for the synthesis of highly functionalized monofluorocyclohexenes is described. Using 4CzIPN as the photocatalyst, the direct single electron oxidation of 1,3-benzodioxoles allows their defluorinative coupling with α-trifluoromethyl alkenes to produce gem-difluoroalkenes in a redox-neutral radical polar crossover manifold. The C-H bond of the resultant γ,γ-difluoroallylated 1,3-benzodioxoles was further functionalized via radical addition to electron-deficient alkenes using a more oxidizing iridium photocatalyst. The capture of in situ generated carbanions by an electrophilic gem-difluoromethylene carbon and consecutive β-fluoride elimination afford monofluorocyclohexenes. The synergistic combination of multiple termination pathways of carbanions enables rapid incorporation of molecular complexity via stitching simple and readily accessible starting materials together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Tian
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Panyu District Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Panyu District Guangzhou 510006 China
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7
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He X, Ling J, Fang Z, Zhou L. Synthesis of 2-Fluorobenzofuran by Photocatalytic Defluorinative Coupling and 5 -endo-trig Cyclization. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37126028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
An alkyl radical-triggered dual C-F bond cleavage of α-CF3-ortho-hydroxystyrenes for the synthesis of 2-fluorobenzofurans was developed. The visible-light-induced defluorinative cross-coupling reactions of α-CF3-ortho-hydroxystyrenes with a variety of carboxylic acids produced gem-difluoroalkenes, which underwent SNV-type 5-endo-trig cyclization to give 2-fluorobenzofurans. Mechanistic studies indicated that the electron transfer between phenoxyl radicals and carboxylates was the major pathway for the generation of alkyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli He
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiahao Ling
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhixing Fang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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8
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Wang X, Rissanen K, Bolm C. A One-Pot Domino Reaction Providing Fluorinated 5,6-Dihydro-1,2-thiazine 1-Oxides from Sulfoximines and 1-Trifluoromethylstyrenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:1569-1572. [PMID: 36852945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
N-Trifluoroacetylated (N-TFA) sulfoximines react with 1-trifluoromethylstyrenes in a one-pot domino reaction to give fluorinated 5,6-dihydro-1,2-thiazine 1-oxides in good to high yields. The process involves three sequential reaction steps that can be characterized as (1) nucleophilic allylic substitution (SN2'), (2) hydrolysis, and (3) intramolecular nucleophilic vinylic substitution (SNV). The products can further be modified by defluorination. The molecular structure of the resulting product was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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9
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Chen LL, Li F, Yang Q, Ye YF, Yang WW, Wang YB. Base-Promoted Decarboxylative Annulation of Methyl 2-(2-Bromophenyl)acetates and Ynones to Access Benzoxepines. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36799925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient base-mediated decarboxylative annulation of ynones with methyl 2-(2-bromophenyl)acetates has been developed. A broad range of benzoxepines were prepared with a broad substrate scope and high regioselectivity in moderate to excellent yields under transition-metal-free conditions. This method proceeds through a tandem [2 + 4] annulation, ring-opening decarboxylative reaction, and the intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Additionally, the key intermediates were successfully obtained and characterized unambiguously by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, which could favorably support a decarboxylative annulation mechanism. Furthermore, gram-scale reaction and synthetic applications for the further functionalization are also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Chen
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Feng Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ya-Fang Ye
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Wan-Wan Yang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yan-Bo Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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10
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Lu MZ, Goh J, Maraswami M, Jia Z, Tian JS, Loh TP. Recent Advances in Alkenyl sp 2 C-H and C-F Bond Functionalizations: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17479-17646. [PMID: 36240299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkenes and their derivatives are featured widely in a variety of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. Significant efforts have been made toward the development of new and practical methods to access this important class of compounds by selectively activating the alkenyl C(sp2)-H bonds in recent years. In this comprehensive review, we describe the state-of-the-art strategies for the direct functionalization of alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bonds until June 2022. Moreover, metal-free, photoredox, and electrochemical strategies are also covered. For clarity, this review has been divided into two parts; the first part focuses on currently available alkenyl sp2 C-H functionalization methods using different alkene derivatives as the starting materials, and the second part describes the alkenyl sp2 C-F bond functionalization using easily accessible gem-difluoroalkenes as the starting material. This review includes the scope, limitations, mechanistic studies, stereoselective control (using directing groups as well as metal-migration strategies), and their applications to complex molecule synthesis where appropriate. Overall, this comprehensive review aims to document the considerable advancements, current status, and emerging work by critically summarizing the contributions of researchers working in this fascinating area and is expected to stimulate novel, innovative, and broadly applicable strategies for alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bond functionalizations in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey Goh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Manikantha Maraswami
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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11
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Wang B, Wang CT, Li XS, Liu XY, Liang YM. Visible-Light-Induced C-F and C-N Bond Cleavage for the Synthesis of gem-Difluoroalkenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:6566-6570. [PMID: 36053062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a novel and efficient photoredox catalytic radical addition/defluoroalkylation coupling reaction between primary amines and trifluoromethyl-substituted alkenes. A series of gem-difluoroalkenes were synthesized via C-N bond cleavage of α-3°, α-2°, and α-1° amines under visible light irradiation. This reaction is characterized by a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cui-Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xue-Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Li W, Chen X, Zhou L. Photocatalytic Defluorinative Three-Component Reaction of α-Trifluoromethyl Alkenes, Alkenes, and Sodium Sulfinates: Synthesis of Monofluorocyclopentenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:5946-5950. [PMID: 35926080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
A photocatalytic three-component reaction of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes, electron-rich alkenes, and sodium sulfinates for the synthesis of gem-difluoroalkenes in a radical/polar crossover manner was developed. Due to the strong electron-withdrawing nature of the sulfonyl group, the resultant gem-difluoroalkenes can be converted into various monofluorocyclopentenes via intramolecular base-mediated SNV reactions in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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13
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Li S, Davies PW, Shu W. Modular synthesis of α-arylated carboxylic acids, esters and amides via photocatalyzed triple C-F bond cleavage of methyltrifluorides. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6636-6641. [PMID: 35756515 PMCID: PMC9172449 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Arylated carboxylic acids, esters and amides are widespread motifs in bioactive molecules and important building blocks in chemical synthesis. Thus, straightforward and rapid access to such structures is highly desirable. Here we report an organophotocatalytic multicomponent synthesis of α-arylated carboxylic acids, esters and amides from exhaustive defluorination of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes in the presence of alkyltrifluoroborates, water and nitrogen/oxygen nucleophiles. This operationally simple strategy features a unified access to functionally diverse α-arylated carboxylic acids, esters, and primary, secondary, and tertiary amides through backbone assembly from simple starting materials enabled by consecutive C–F bond functionalization at room temperature. Preliminary mechanistic investigations reveal that the reaction operates through a radical-triggered three-step cascade process, which involves distinct mechanisms for each defluorinative functionalization of the C–F bond. Here we report an organophotocatalytic synthesis of α-arylated carboxylic acids, esters and amides from exhaustive defluorination of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes in the presence of alkyltrifluoroborates, water and nitrogen/oxygen nucleophiles.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong China .,School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Paul W Davies
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong China
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14
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Gao Y, Qin W, Tian M, Zhao X, Hu X. Defluorinative Alkylation of Trifluoromethyl Alkenes with Soft Carbon Nucleophiles Enabled by a Catalytic Amount of Base. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qin
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming‐Qing Tian
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Xu‐Hong Hu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 People's Republic of China
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15
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Sun Z, Zhou L. Synthesis of 5-Fluoro-dihydroindolizines from Pyrrole-2-acetic Acids and Trifluoromethyl Alkenes via Dual C-F Bond Cleavage in a CF 3 Group. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4801-4812. [PMID: 35297252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the synthesis of 5-fluoro-dihydroindolizines via dual C-F bond cleavage in a trifluoromethyl group. The photocatalytic defluorinative coupling of pyrrole-2-acetic acids and α-trifluoromethyl alkenes cleaved the first C-F bond, providing gem-difluoroalkenes bearing an unprotected pyrrole motif. Subsequently, an intramolecular SNV reaction closed the ring by forming a C-N bond concomitantly with the cleavage of the second C-F bond. Using indole-2-acetic acids as the substrates, the reactions also allow the assembly of 6-fluoro-dihydropyrido[1,2-a]indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchang Sun
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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16
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Laha D, Meher KB, Bankar OS, Bhat RG. Silver‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Access to Diastereoselective Benzo[5,6]oxepino[2,3‐c]pyrroles via Formal (5+2)‐Annulation of Donor‐/Acceptor‐Type Aryl Vinyl diazosuccinimide with Ketones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Laha
- IISER Pune: Indian Institute of Science Education Research Pune Department of Chemistry Dr. Homi Bhabha Rd., NCL colony, Pashan 411008 Pune INDIA
| | - Kajal B. Meher
- IISER Pune: Indian Institute of Science Education Research Pune Department of Chemistry 411008 Pune INDIA
| | - Onkar S. Bankar
- IISER Pune: Indian Institute of Science Education Research Pune Department of Chemistry 411008 Pune INDIA
| | - Ramakrishna G. Bhat
- IISER Pune: Indian Institute of Science Education Research Pune Department of Chemistry C-Wing, Main Building, IISER-P 411008 Pune INDIA
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17
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One-pot synthesis of cyclobutenecarboxylate derivatives via olefinic C-F bond functionalization of gem-difluoroalkenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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C(sp3)–F Bond Transformation of Perfluoroalkyl Compounds Mediated by Visible-Light Photocatalysis: Spin-Center Shifts and Radical/Polar Crossover Processes via Anionic Intermediates. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1755-3476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDue to its large bond energy, precisely controllable C–F bond activation is a significant challenge in organic synthesis. A single C(sp3)–F bond transformation of perfluoroalkyl groups is particularly desirable to supply functionalized perfluoroalkyl compounds offering properties that are potentially useful in pharmaceutical and materials chemistry. Recently, the single defluorinative transformation of perfluoroalkyl compounds has been developed via visible-light photocatalysis. Herein, we summarize this field via two main topics. Topic 1 covers the transformations of C(sp3)–F bonds in either perfluoroalkylarenes or perfluoroalkane carbonyl compounds via a defluorinative spin-center shift in the radical anion intermediates. Topic 2 addresses the defluorinative transformations of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes to give gem-difluoroalkenes via a radical/polar crossover process.1 Introduction2 C(sp3)–F Transformations via Defluorinative Spin-Center Shifts3 C(sp3)–F Transformations via a Radical/Polar Crossover Process4 Conclusions
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19
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Li S, Shu W. Recent advances in radical enabled selective C sp3-F bond activation of multifluorinated compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1066-1077. [PMID: 34981805 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06446k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine-containing molecules have found broad applications in pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries as introducing fluorine into a molecule could significantly tune the biological activities of parent molecules. Thus, the synthesis of fluorine-containing molecules has received substantial attention over the past few decades. As a complementary strategy for the synthesis of fluorinated compounds through new Csp3-F bonds formation, selective cleavage of inert Csp3-F bonds from easily-available and cost-effective multifluorinated molecules, such as fluoroalkylaromatics, α-trifluoromethyl alkenes and α-multifluorinated carbonyl compounds, has been emerging as an attractive alternative to access fluorine-containing molecules. Moreover, the inherent nature of radical reactions offers the opportunity for the selective Csp3-F functionalizations to occur under mild conditions. In this regard, the development of photoredox catalysis, transition-metal catalysis, or electrochemistry to enable radical species generation via selective Csp3-F cleavage has gained broad attention and substantial progress has been made over recent years. This highlight summerizes the recent advances in the single-electron-transfer enabled selective functionalizations of Csp3-F bonds in multifluorinated compounds via radical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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20
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Yan S, Yu W, Zhang J, Fan H, Lu Z, Zhang Z, Wang T. Access to gem-Difluoroalkenes via Organic Photoredox-Catalyzed gem-Difluoroallylation of Alkyl Iodides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1574-1584. [PMID: 34964644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An organic photoredox-catalyzed gem-difluoroallylation of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes with alkyl iodides via C-F bond cleavage for the synthesis of gem-difluoroalkene derivatives is reported. This transition-metal-free transformation utilized a readily available organic dye 4CzIPN as the sole photocatalyst and employed a common chemical N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine as the radical activator of alkyl iodides via halogen-atom transfer. In addition, a variety of iodides, including primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl iodides, were tolerated and provided good to high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China
| | - Jianye Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China
| | - Zhenming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China
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21
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Ge D, Chu XQ. Multiple-fold C–F bond functionalization for the synthesis of (hetero)cyclic compounds: fluorine as a detachable chemical handle. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01749g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We highlighted the recent advances in the field of multiple-fold C–F bond functionalization for the synthesis of (hetero)cyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhua Ge
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Chu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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22
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Wang Z, Sun Y, Shen LY, Yang WC, Meng F, Li P. Photochemical and electrochemical strategies in C–F bond activation and functionalization. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01512e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances in photochemical or electrochemical C–F bond activation and functionalization have been summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghong Wang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Liu-Yu Shen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Fei Meng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. of China
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23
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Morand S, Jubault P, Bouillon JP, Couve-Bonnaire S. gem-Heteroatom-Substituted Fluoroalkenes as Mimics of Amide Derivatives or Phosphates: A Comprehensive Review. Chemistry 2021; 27:17273-17292. [PMID: 34533868 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
gem-Heteroatom-substituted fluoroalkenes have received little attention despite their great potential in medicinal chemistry or in fine chemistry. Indeed, due to the electronic and steric similarity between the fluoroalkene moiety and the amide bond as well as the high strength of the carbon-fluorine bond, these gem-heteroatom-substituted fluoroalkenes could be envisioned as stable mimics of various important organic functions, such as phosphates, carbamates, S-thiocarbamates and ureas. We present herein an overview describing the syntheses over the last decade of heteroatom-substituted fluoroalkenes in geminal position. This review will be divided into several sections covering each the common following heteroatom: oxygen-, nitrogen-, sulfur-, phosphorus-, boron- and silicon-substituted fluoroalkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Morand
- Normandie Université INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Université INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - Samuel Couve-Bonnaire
- Normandie Université INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
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24
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Zhou L. Recent Advances in C-F Bond Cleavage Enabled by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26227051. [PMID: 34834143 PMCID: PMC8621615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26227051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The creation of new bonds via C-F bond cleavage of readily available per- or oligofluorinated compounds has received growing interest. Using such a strategy, a myriad of valuable partially fluorinated products can be prepared, which otherwise are difficult to make by the conventional C-F bond formation methods. Visible light photoredox catalysis has been proven as an important and powerful tool for defluorinative reactions due to its mild, easy to handle, and environmentally benign characteristics. Compared to the classical C-F activation that proceeds via two-electron processes, radicals are the key intermediates using visible light photoredox catalysis, providing new modes for the cleavage of C-F bonds. In this review, a summary of the visible light-promoted C-F bond cleavage since 2018 was presented. The contents were classified by the fluorosubstrates, including polyfluorinated arenes, gem-difluoroalkenes, trifluoromethyl arenes, and trifluoromethyl alkenes. An emphasis is placed on the discussion of the mechanisms and limitations of these reactions. Finally, my personal perspective on the future development of this rapidly emerging field was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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25
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Gao QS, Niu Z, Chen Y, Sun J, Han WY, Wang JY, Yu M, Zhou MD. Photoredox Generation of N-Centered Hydrazonyl Radicals Enables the Construction of Dihydropyrazole-Fused gem-Difluoroalkenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:6153-6157. [PMID: 34269587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient visible-light-promoted N-radical-mediated tandem radical cyclization/defluorinated alkylation of β,γ-unsaturated hydrazones, and α-trifluoromethyl alkenes is described. This protocol provides a general and effective route to synthesize various dihydropyrazole-fused gem-difluoroalkenes at moderate to excellent yields under redox-neutral, metal-free, and mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Sheng Gao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Zhuo Niu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Wei-Ying Han
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jing-Yun Wang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ming-Dong Zhou
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
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26
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Guo YQ, Wu Y, Wang R, Song H, Liu Y, Wang Q. Photoredox/Hydrogen Atom Transfer Cocatalyzed C–H Difluoroallylation of Amides, Ethers, and Alkyl Aldehydes. Org Lett 2021; 23:2353-2358. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Zhang M, Zhang Z, He Y, Zou T, Qi Z, Fu Q, Wei J, Lu J, Wei S, Yi D. Photocatalytic Deoxygenative Carboimination towards Functionalized Pyrrolines by Using Unstrained
γ
,
δ
‐Unsaturated Oximes. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yangsen He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyu Qi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Siping Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy Affiliated Hospital Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
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28
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Lam H, Lautens M, Abel-Snape X, Köllen MF. Recent Advances in Transition-Metal-Free (4+3)-Annulations. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract(4+3)-Annulations are incredibly versatile reactions which combine a 4-atom synthon and a 3-atom synthon to form both 7-membered carbocycles as well as heterocycles. We have previously reviewed transition-metal-catalyzed (4+3)-annulations. In this review, we will cover examples involving bases, NHCs, phosphines, Lewis and Brønsted acids as well as some rare examples of boronic acid catalysis and photocatalysis. In analogy to our previous review, we exclude annulations involving cyclic dienes like furan, pyrrole, cyclohexadiene or cyclopentadiene, as Chiu, Harmata, Fernándes and others have recently published reviews encompassing such substrates. We will however discuss the recent additions (2010–2020) to the literature on (4+3)-annulations involving other types of 4-atom-synthons.1 Introduction2 Bases3 Annulations Using N-Heterocyclic Carbenes3.1 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs)3.2 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Base Dual-Activation4 Phosphines5 Acids5.1 Lewis Acids5.2 Brønsted Acids6 Boronic Acid Catalysis and Photocatalysis7 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Lam
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto
| | - Mark Lautens
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto
| | - Xavier Abel-Snape
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto
| | - Martin F. Köllen
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie und Biochemie
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29
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Singh PP, Srivastava V. Recent advances in using 4DPAIPN in photocatalytic transformations. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:313-321. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01884h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1,3-Dicyano-2,4,5,6-tetrakis(diphenylamino)-benzene has emerged as a powerful and attractive metal-free organophotocatalyst for organic transformation and is expected to contribute to a great extent toward the advancement and development of synthetic methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- United College of Engineering & Research
- Prayagraj 211010
- India
| | - Vishal Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry
- CMP Degree College
- University of Allahabad
- Prayagraj 211002
- India
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30
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Zeng H, Cai Y, Jiang H, Zhu C. Two C(sp 3)-F Bond Activation in a CF 3 Group: ipso-Defluorinative Amination Triggered 1,3-Diamination of (Trifluoromethyl)alkenes with Indoles, Carbazoles, Pyrroles, and Sulfonamides. Org Lett 2021; 23:66-70. [PMID: 33321040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy enabled cleavage of two C(sp3)-F bonds in a CF3 group is reported. Triggered by ipso-defluorinative amination, this 1,3-diamination of (trifluoromethyl)alkenes with indoles, carbazoles, pyrroles, and sulfonamides gave acyclic 1,3-diamine products bearing a monofluoroalkene moiety in high yields with good to excellent Z/E selectivities. Preliminary mechanistic studies enable the isolation of the reaction intermediate and indicate that a unique sequential ipso-/γ-selective defluorinative amination pathway is involved in this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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31
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Xiong B, Wang T, Sun H, Li Y, Kramer S, Cheng GJ, Lian Z. Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling Reactions for the Synthesis of gem-Difluorovinyl Arenes. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Bio-therapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Development, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Haotian Sun
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Bio-therapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Bio-therapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Søren Kramer
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gui-Juan Cheng
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Development, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Zhong Lian
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Bio-therapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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32
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Xiang P, He L, Li H, Qi Z, Zhang M, Fu Q, Wei J, Du X, Yi D, Wei S. Organo-photoredox catalyzed defluoroacetalation of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes for synthesis of masked γ,γ-difluoroallylic aldehydes. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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33
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Selvaraj K, Chauhan S, Sandeep K, Swamy KCK. Advances in [4+3]‐Annulation/Cycloaddition Reactions Leading to Homo‐ and Heterocycles with Seven‐Membered Rings. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2380-2402. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karuppu Selvaraj
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad-500046 Telangana India
| | - Sachin Chauhan
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad-500046 Telangana India
| | - K. Sandeep
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad-500046 Telangana India
| | - K. C. Kumara Swamy
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad-500046 Telangana India
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34
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Tong Z, Tang Z, Au CT, Qiu R. Nickel-Catalyzed Decarbonyloxidation of 3-Aryl Benzofuran-2( 3H)-ones to 2-Hydroxybenzophenones. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8533-8543. [PMID: 32483961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a protocol to facilitate the nickel-catalyzed decarbonyloxidation of 3-aryl benzofuran-2(3H)-ones to 2-hydroxybenzophenones under mild conditions, which is an efficient approach for the decarbonyloxidation of lactones in organic synthesis. A diverse range of substrates can undergo C(O)-O/C(O)-C bond cleavage to generate the target products in good yields. These 2-hydroxybenzophenones can be converted into a variety of compounds via reactions such as esterification, cyclization, and reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chak-Tong Au
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411100, P.R. China
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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35
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van Vliet KM, van Leeuwen NS, Brouwer AM, de Bruin B. Visible-light-induced addition of carboxymethanide to styrene from monochloroacetic acid. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:398-408. [PMID: 32273903 PMCID: PMC7113555 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Where monochloroacetic acid is widely used as a starting material for the synthesis of relevant groups of compounds, many of these synthetic procedures are based on nucleophilic substitution of the carbon chlorine bond. Oxidative or reductive activation of monochloroacetic acid results in radical intermediates, leading to reactivity different from the traditional reactivity of this compound. Here, we investigated the possibility of applying monochloroacetic acid as a substrate for photoredox catalysis with styrene to directly produce γ-phenyl-γ-butyrolactone. Instead of using nucleophilic substitution, we cleaved the carbon chlorine bond by single-electron reduction, creating a radical species. We observed that the reaction works best in nonpolar solvents. The reaction does not go to full conversion, but selectively forms γ-phenyl-γ-butyrolactone and 4-chloro-4-phenylbutanoic acid. Over time the catalyst precipitates from solution (perhaps in a decomposed form in case of fac-[Ir(ppy)3]), which was proven by mass spectrometry and EPR spectroscopy for one of the catalysts (N,N-5,10-di(2-naphthalene)-5,10-dihydrophenazine) used in this work. The generation of HCl resulting from lactone formation could be an additional problem for organometallic photoredox catalysts used in this reaction. In an attempt to trap one of the radical intermediates with TEMPO, we observed a compound indicating the generation of a chloromethyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaj M van Vliet
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nicole S van Leeuwen
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
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36
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Guo YQ, Wang R, Song H, Liu Y, Wang Q. Visible-Light-Induced Deoxygenation/Defluorination Protocol for Synthesis of γ,γ-Difluoroallylic Ketones. Org Lett 2020; 22:709-713. [PMID: 31909628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe an efficient, practical photocatalytic deoxygenation/defluorination protocol for the synthesis of γ,γ-difluoroallylic ketones from commercially available aromatic carboxylic acids, triphenylphosphine, and α-trifluoromethyl alkenes. The protocol has good functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope. Using this method, we accomplished the late-stage functionalization of several bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
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37
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Li C, Yuan JM, Chen W, He Y, Huang J, Huang Y, Xiao Q, Sheng J, Huang C. Defluorinative C(sp 3 )-P Bond Construction for the Synthesis of Phosphorylation gem-Difluoroalkenes under Catalyst- and Oxidant-Free Conditions. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2584-2587. [PMID: 31152631 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Defluorinative C(sp3 )-P bond formation of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes with phosphine oxides or phosphonates have been achieved under catalyst- and oxidant-free conditions, giving phosphorylation gem-difluoroalkenes as products. α-Trifluoromethyl alkenes bearing various of aryl substituents such as halogen, cyano, ester and heterocyclic groups are available in this transformation. The results of control experiments demonstrated that the mechanism of dehydrogenative/defluorinative cross-coupling reactions was not a radical route, but might be an SN 2' process involving phosphine oxide anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyu Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Jing-Mei Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, No. 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Wenqiang Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Yimiao He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Yanmin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Jiarong Sheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Chusheng Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, No. 175 East Mingxiu Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
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38
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He Y, Anand D, Sun Z, Zhou L. Visible-Light-Promoted Redox Neutral γ,γ-Difluoroallylation of Cycloketone Oxime Ethers with Trifluoromethyl Alkenes via C–C and C–F Bond Cleavage. Org Lett 2019; 21:3769-3773. [PMID: 31063391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei He
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Devireddy Anand
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhengchang Sun
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Xia PJ, Ye ZP, Hu YZ, Song D, Xiang HY, Chen XQ, Yang H. Photocatalytic, Phosphoranyl Radical-Mediated N-O Cleavage of Strained Cycloketone Oximes. Org Lett 2019; 21:2658-2662. [PMID: 30942601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A photoinduced, phosphoranyl radical-mediated protocol for the direct N-O cleavage of strained cycloketone oximes via a polar/SET crossover process was developed for the first time. This visible-light-driven direct N-O activation mode for oxime offers beneficial features such as streamlined synthetic process and versatile photochemical reactivities. Consequently, the alkenes and α-trifluoromethyl alkenes with varied electronic and structural features acted as competent radical receptors in this protocol, enabling facile accesses to a range of elongated cyano and/or gem-difluoroalkene-bearing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Ju Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Zhuo Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Dan Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety , Central South University , Changsha 410083 , P. R. China
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