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Ahamed P, Ghann W, Uddin J, Yousuf MA. Role of gelatin and chitosan cross-linked aqueous template in controlling the size of lithium titanium oxide. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-022-05008-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSignificant safety advantages of lithium titanium oxide (LTO) over currently used graphite for lithium-ion batteries have been attracting scientists to develop novel synthetic methods of this anode material in order to combine with another cathode. This study utilizes self-sacrificing cross-linked aqueous templates of gelatin and chitosan polymer to control lithium titanium oxide (LTO) morphology and microstructure. Gelatin and chitosan self-assembled aqueous template containing LTO precursors has been evaporated at 110 °C and then calcined at 750 °C in a muffle furnace to synthesize white color LTO powder. Various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy and UV–visible spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized LTO powders. Both XRD and EDS spectrum confirm the coating of gelatin and chitosan derived carbon species on the surface of LTO materials. The detailed characterization reveals that increasing the amount of gelatin to the mass ratio of gelatin and chitosan reduced LTO particle sizes. Thus, a size controlled carbon coating LTO preparation strategy have been established via gelatin and chitosan cross-linked aqueous template in controlling the morphology and microstructure of LTO material.
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Kim S, De Bruyn M, Alauzun JG, Louvain N, Brun N, Macquarrie DJ, Stievano L, Mutin PH, Monconduit L, Boury B. Dehydration of Alginic Acid Cryogel by TiCl 4 vapor: Direct Access to Mesoporous TiO 2 @C Nanocomposites and Their Performance in Lithium-Ion Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:2660-2670. [PMID: 30950578 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy for the synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposites through the direct mineralization of seaweed-derived alginic acid cryogel by TiCl4 through a solid/vapor reaction pathway is presented. In this synthesis, alginic acid cryogel can have multiple roles; i) mesoporous template, ii) carbon source, and iii) oxygen source for the TiO2 precursor, TiCl4 . The resulting TiO2 @alginic acid composite was transformed either into pure mesoporous TiO2 by calcination or into mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposites by pyrolysis. By comparing with a nonporous TiO2 @C composite, the importance of the mesopores on the performance of electrodes for lithium-ion batteries based on mesoporous TiO2 @C composite was clearly evidenced. In addition, the carbon matrix in the mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposite also showed electrochemical activity versus lithium ions, providing twice the capacity of pure mesoporous TiO2 or alginic acid-derived mesoporous carbon (A600). Given the simplicity and environmental friendliness of the process, the mesoporous TiO2 @C nanocomposite could satisfy the main prerequisites of green and sustainable chemistry while showing improved electrochemical performance as a negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Kim
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 Univ. Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Mario De Bruyn
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10, 5DD, UK
| | - Johan G Alauzun
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 Univ. Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Louvain
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 Univ. Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS, FR3459, 33 Rue Saint Leu, 80039, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Brun
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 Univ. Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Duncan J Macquarrie
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10, 5DD, UK
| | - Lorenzo Stievano
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 Univ. Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS, FR3459, 33 Rue Saint Leu, 80039, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - P Hubert Mutin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 Univ. Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laure Monconduit
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 Univ. Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS, FR3459, 33 Rue Saint Leu, 80039, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Bruno Boury
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 Univ. Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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