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Ilbeygi H, Jaafar J. Recent Progress on Functionalized Nanoporous Heteropoly Acids: From Synthesis to Applications. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400043. [PMID: 38874111 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Functionalized nanoporous heteropoly acids (HPAs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their enhanced surface area and porosity, as well as their potential for low-cost regeneration compared to bulk materials. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advancements in the synthesis and applications of functionalized HPAs. We begin by introducing the fundamental properties of HPAs and their unique structure, followed by a comprehensive overview of the various approaches employed for the synthesis of functionalized HPAs, including salts, anchoring onto supports, and implementing mesoporous silica sieves. The potential applications of functionalized HPAs in various fields are also discussed, highlighting their boosted performance in a wide range of applications. Finally, we address the current challenges and present future prospects in the development of functionalized HPAs, particularly in the context of mesoporous HPAs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the recent progress in the field, highlighting the significant advancements made in the synthesis and applications of functionalized HPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ilbeygi
- Battery Research and Innovation Hub, Institute of Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Juhana Jaafar
- N29a, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Kim J, Lee W, Kim H, Ryu DY, Ahn H, Chae B. In-depth probing of thermally-driven phase separation behavior of lamella-forming PS-b-PMMA films by infrared nanoscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 274:121095. [PMID: 35279517 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A non-invasive, image-based analytic method utilizing scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) is suggested to evaluate the phase separation behavior of lamella-forming polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) block copolymer films. Taking advantage of the penetrability of the tip-enhanced IR signal into the films, the spatio-spectral maps of each component are constructed. Subsequently, the effect of a sole and combinatorial applications of the self-assembly procedures, such as solvent vapor annealing (SVA) and/or thermal annealing (TA), on the spatial distribution of PS or PMMA components is quantitatively assessed in terms of the areal portions of the PS domain, PMMA domain, and the mixed zone that is adjacent to the domain border. Additionally, by statistically comparing the local concentration profiles, the chemical contrast between the domains turns out to be dependent upon the annealing procedures (namely, SVA and SVA + TA). This technique can pave the way to an uncomplicated but precise investigation of the polymer nanostructure-based thin film devices whose performances are critically governed by the spatial arrangement of the chemical elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Kim
- Industry Technology Convergence Center, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseop Lee
- Industry Technology Convergence Center, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Kim
- Industry Technology Convergence Center, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Yeol Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Industry Technology Convergence Center, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Boknam Chae
- Industry Technology Convergence Center, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.
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