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Santos LM, Rodrigues DM, Alves BVB, Kalil MA, Azevedo V, Barh D, Meyer R, Duran N, Tasic L, Portela RW. Activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles in planktonic and biofilm-associated Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16751. [PMID: 38406288 PMCID: PMC10885795 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a gram-positive bacterium and is the etiologic agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CL) in small ruminants. This disease is characterized by the development of encapsulated granulomas in visceral and superficial lymph nodes, and its clinical treatment is refractory to antibiotic therapy. An important virulence factor of the Corynebacterium genus is the ability to produce biofilm; however, little is known about the characteristics of the biofilm produced by C. pseudotuberculosis and its resistance to antimicrobials. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered as promising antimicrobial agents, and are known to have several advantages, such as a broad-spectrum activity, low resistance induction potential, and antibiofilm activity. Therefore, we evaluate herein the activity of AgNPs in C. pseudotuberculosis, through the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), antibiofilm activity, and visualization of AgNP-treated and AgNP-untreated biofilm through scanning electron microscopy. The AgNPs were able to completely inhibit bacterial growth and inactivate C. pseudotuberculosis at concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 0.312 mg/mL. The AgNPs reduced the formation of biofilm in reference strains and clinical isolates of C. pseudotuberculosis, with interference values greater than 80% at a concentration of 4 mg/mL, controlling the change between the planktonic and biofilm-associated forms, and preventing fixation and colonization. Scanning electron microscopy images showed a significant disruptive activity of AgNP on the consolidated biofilms. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of AgNPs as an effective therapeutic agent against CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerte Marlon Santos
- Instituto de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Vasco Azevedo
- Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, West Bengal, India
| | - Roberto Meyer
- Instituto de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Nelson Duran
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Instituto de Quimica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Santana da Costa T, Rodrigues da Silva M, Jerônimo Barbosa JC, Da Silva Das Neves U, de Jesus MB, Tasic L. Biogenic silver nanoparticles' antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity on human hepatocarcinoma cells (Huh-7). RSC Adv 2024; 14:2192-2204. [PMID: 38213978 PMCID: PMC10777275 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07733k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Exploring diverse synthetic pathways for nanomaterial synthesis has emerged as a promising direction. For example, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are synthesized using different approaches yielding nanomaterials with distinct morphological, physical and biological properties. Hence, the present study reports the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the aqueous secretome of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (AgNP@Fo) and orange peel extract (AgNP@OR). The physical and morphological properties of synthesized nanoparticles were similar, with AgNP@Fo measuring 56.43 ± 19.18 nm and AgNP@OR measuring 39.97 ± 19.72 nm in size. The zeta potentials for the nanoparticles were low, -26.8 ± 7.55 and -26.2 ± 2.87 mV for AgNP@Fo and AgNP@OR, respectively, demonstrating a similar negative charge. The spherical morphologies of both nanoparticles were evidenced by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). However, despite their similar physical and morphological properties, AgNPs demonstrated different bioactivities. We evaluated and compared the antimicrobial efficacy of these nanoparticles against a range of bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The AgNP@Fo showed Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.84 to 1.68 μg mL-1 and were around ten times more potent compared to AgNP@OR. The anticancer activities of both nanoparticles were investigated using human hepatocarcinoma cells (Huh-7), where AgNP@Fo exhibited around 20 times higher cytotoxicity than AgNP@OR with an IC50 value of 0.545 μmol L-1. Anticancer effects were demonstrated by the MTT, confirmed by the calcein-AM assay and fluorescence imaging. This study establishes solid groundwork for future exploration of molecular interactions of nanoparticles synthesized through distinct biosynthetic routes, particularly within bacterial and cancerous cell environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thyerre Santana da Costa
- Institute of Chemistry, Biological Chemistry Laboratory, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Mariana Rodrigues da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP Campinas SP 13083-862 Brazil
| | - Júlio César Jerônimo Barbosa
- Institute of Chemistry, Biological Chemistry Laboratory, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Uedson Da Silva Das Neves
- Institute of Chemistry, Biological Chemistry Laboratory, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bispo de Jesus
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP Campinas SP 13083-862 Brazil
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Institute of Chemistry, Biological Chemistry Laboratory, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
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Nicoleti JL, Braga ES, Stanisic D, Jadranin M, Façanha DAE, Barral TD, Hanna SA, Azevedo V, Meyer R, Tasic L, Portela RW. A serum NMR metabolomic analysis of the Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in goats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12595-0. [PMID: 37219572 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12595-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), an infectious disease caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in small ruminants, is highly prevalent worldwide. Economic losses have already been associated with the disease, and little is known about the host-pathogen relationship associated with the disease. The present study aimed to perform a metabolomic study of the C. pseudotuberculosis infection in goats. Serum samples were collected from a herd of 173 goats. The animals were classified as controls (not infected), asymptomatic (seropositives but without detectable CLA clinical signs), and symptomatic (seropositive animals presenting CLA lesions), according to microbiological isolation and immunodiagnosis. The serum samples were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY), and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) sequences. The NMR data were analyzed using chemometrics, and principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were performed to discover specific biomarkers responsible for discrimination between the groups. A high dissemination of the infection by C. pseudotuberculosis was observed, being 74.57% asymptomatic and 11.56% symptomatic. In the evaluation of 62 serum samples by NMR, the techniques were satisfactory in the discrimination of the groups, being also complementary and mutually confirming, demonstrating possible biomarkers for the infection by the bacterium. Twenty metabolites of interest were identified by NOESY and 29 by CPMG, such as tryptophan, polyunsaturated fatty acids, formic acid, NAD+, and 3-hydroxybutyrate, opening promising possibilities for the use of these results in new therapeutic, immunodiagnosis, and immunoprophylactic tools, as well as for studies of the immune response against C. pseudotuberculosis. KEY POINTS: • Sixty-two samples from healthy, CLA asymptomatic, and symptomatic goats were screened • Twenty metabolites of interest were identified by NOESY and 29 by CPMG • 1H-NMR NOESY and CPMG were complementary and mutually confirming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Luis Nicoleti
- Laboratório de Imunologia E Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Erik Sobrinho Braga
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo State, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Danijela Stanisic
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo State, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Milka Jadranin
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo State, 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Débora Andréa Evangelista Façanha
- Institute of Rural Development, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, Ceará State, 62790-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago Doria Barral
- Laboratório de Imunologia E Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Samira Abdallah Hanna
- Laboratório de Imunologia E Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Roberto Meyer
- Laboratório de Imunologia E Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo State, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Wagner Portela
- Laboratório de Imunologia E Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40231-300, Brazil.
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Fonseca MS, Deegan KR, Tomé LM, Mendonça MA, Sokolonski AR, Gondim LQ, Azevedo V, Meyer R, Tasic L, Góes-Neto A, Portela RW. First description of Candida haemulonii infecting a snake Boa constrictor: Molecular, pathological and antifungal sensitivity characteristics. Microb Pathog 2023; 180:106164. [PMID: 37211264 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Candida haemulonii is an emergent infectious pathogen that affects human presenting comorbidities and/or immunodepression. Little is known about other possible hosts. For the first time, this fungus was found causing a cutaneous infection in a snake, Boa constrictor, characterized by scale opacity and several ulcerative lesions. This C. haemulonii was isolated, identified using molecular techniques and a phylogenetic study, and had its growth totally inhibited by all the drugs tested; however, no fungicide effect was seen for fluconazole and itraconazole. The B. constrictor clinical signals subsided after a treatment using a biogenic silver nanoparticle-based ointment. These findings, along with the B. constrictor presence near human habitats, warn for the necessity of wildlife health monitoring for emergent and opportunistic diseases in peri-urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maísa Santos Fonseca
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Kathleen Ramos Deegan
- Ambulatório de Animais Silvestres e Exóticos, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40170-1004, Brazil
| | - Luis Marcelo Tomé
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Computacional de Fungos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Mendonça
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita Sokolonski
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Leane Queiroz Gondim
- Ambulatório de Animais Silvestres e Exóticos, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40170-1004, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Roberto Meyer
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo State, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Computacional de Fungos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Wagner Portela
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil.
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Fonseca MS, Rodrigues DM, Sokolonski AR, Stanisic D, Tomé LM, Góes-Neto A, Azevedo V, Meyer R, Araújo DB, Tasic L, Portela RD. Activity of Fusarium oxysporum-Based Silver Nanoparticles on Candida spp. Oral Isolates. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030501. [PMID: 35159845 PMCID: PMC8840154 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Candida spp. resistant to commercially available antifungals are often isolated from patients with oral candidiasis, a situation that points to the need for the development of new therapies. Thus, we evaluated the activity of Fusarium oxysporum-based silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Candida spp. isolated from denture stomatitis lesions. Candida isolates were molecularly identified and submitted to susceptibility assays using AgNPs and commercial fungicides. The interference on biofilm formation and the mechanisms of action of AgNPs on Candida spp. were also investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the morphology of AgNP-treated Candida. Candida albicans was the most frequent species isolated from denture stomatitis cases. All Candida spp. were susceptible to AgNPs at low concentrations, except Candida parapsilosis. AgNPs caused surface damage, cell disruption, and biofilm formation inhibition. The ergosterol supplementation protected C. albicans against the AgNP action. AgNPs are effective against Candida spp. and can be faced as a promising new therapeutic agent against oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maísa Santos Fonseca
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil; (M.S.F.); (D.M.R.); (R.M.)
| | - Daniela Méria Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil; (M.S.F.); (D.M.R.); (R.M.)
| | - Ana Rita Sokolonski
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Oral, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil; (A.R.S.); (D.B.A.)
| | - Danijela Stanisic
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (D.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Luiz Marcelo Tomé
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Computacional de Fungos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.M.T.); (A.G.-N.)
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Computacional de Fungos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.M.T.); (A.G.-N.)
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Roberto Meyer
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil; (M.S.F.); (D.M.R.); (R.M.)
| | - Danilo Barral Araújo
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Oral, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil; (A.R.S.); (D.B.A.)
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (D.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Ricardo Dias Portela
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil; (M.S.F.); (D.M.R.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +55-7132-838-936
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Gao D, Zhao P, Liu J, Zhou Y, Lyu B, Ma J, Shao L. Polyaniline/silver nanowire cotton fiber: A flexible electrode material for supercapacitor. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tran H, McConville M, Loukopoulos P. Metabolomics in the study of spontaneous animal diseases. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 32:635-647. [PMID: 32807042 PMCID: PMC7488963 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720948505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Using analytical chemistry techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and liquid or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/GC-MS), metabolomics allows detection of most endogenous and exogenous metabolites in a biological sample. Metabolomics has a wide range of applications, and has been employed in nutrition science, toxicology, environmental studies, and systems biology. Metabolomics is particularly useful in biomedical science, and has been used for diagnostic laboratory testing, identifying targets for drug development, and monitoring drug metabolism, mode of action, and toxicity. Despite its immense potential, metabolomics remains underutilized in the study of spontaneous animal diseases. Our aim was to comprehensively review the existing literature on the use of metabolomics in spontaneous veterinary diseases. Three databases were used to find journal articles that applied metabolomics in veterinary medicine. A screening process was then conducted to eliminate references that did not meet the eligibility criteria; only primary research studies investigating spontaneous animal disease were included; 38 studies met the inclusion criteria. The main techniques used were NMR and MS. All studies detected metabolite alterations in diseased animals compared with non-diseased animals. Metabolomics was mainly used to study diseases of the digestive, reproductive, and musculoskeletal systems. Inflammatory conditions made up the largest proportion of studies when articles were categorized by disease process. Following a comprehensive analysis of the literature on metabolomics in spontaneous veterinary diseases, we concluded that metabolomics, although in its early stages in veterinary research, is a promising tool regarding diagnosis, biomarker discovery, and in uncovering new insights into disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Tran
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of
Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne,
Victoria, Australia
| | - Malcolm McConville
- Bio21 Institute, Metabolomics Australia,
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Panayiotis Loukopoulos
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of
Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne,
Victoria, Australia
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Santos LM, Stanisic D, Menezes UJ, Mendonça MA, Barral TD, Seyffert N, Azevedo V, Durán N, Meyer R, Tasic L, Portela RW. Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles as a Post-surgical Treatment for Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Infection in Small Ruminants. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:824. [PMID: 31068912 PMCID: PMC6491793 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caseous lymphadenitis (CL) is an infectious and zoonotic disease characterized by the development of granulomas in the lymph nodes and internal organs of small ruminants. The etiological agent of this disease is Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, a Gram-positive and facultative intracellular bacterium. The conventional treatment for CL consists of drainage and chemical cauterization of the lesions using a 10% iodine solution. However, this type of treatment is not effective, due to iodine's cytotoxic profile and low antibacterial activity. Currently, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be seen as an alternative treatment for CL due to their antimicrobial activity and wound healing effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate AgNPs as a post-surgical treatment for CL. Twenty-nine goats and sheep with clinical signs of CL were selected. Surgical intervention was performed to excise the caseous lesions. To treat the lesions, an ointment formulation based on AgNP mixed with natural waxes and oils was used in the experimental group, and the conventional treatment with 10% iodine was used in the control group. Bacteria were isolated from the excised caseous material. The animals were observed for 8 weeks after the surgical treatment, and blood samples were taken weekly. The surgical wounds of sheep treated with AgNP healed faster, and the surgical wound area was smaller during the observation period; the latter effect was also observed in goats. AgNP-treated animals also had less purulent discharge and less moisture in the surgical wounds. The AgNP-treated animals had lower leukocyte counts and lower titers of anti-C. pseudotuberculosis antibodies. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with regard to the hemogram results. The results of the susceptibility testing of C. pseudotuberculosis strains (T1, 1002, FRC41, and VD57 strains) and clinical isolates to AgNPs showed growth inhibition, even at low concentrations. It can be concluded that post-surgical treatment of CL using the AgNP-based ointment may be a promising tool in the control of CL, through faster healing, decreased wound contamination, and no apparent toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerte Marlon Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Danijela Stanisic
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ulisses José Menezes
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Mendonça
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Thiago Doria Barral
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Núbia Seyffert
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nelson Durán
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Roberto Meyer
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Wagner Portela
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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