|
1
|
Kathumbi LK, Home PG, Raude JM, Gathitu BB. Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by biodiesel from black soldier fly larvae: Effects of synthesizing catalysts with citric acid. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21354. [PMID: 37954294 PMCID: PMC10637968 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodiesel has several environmental benefits, such as biodegradability, renewability and lower soot emissions. However, biodiesel has undesirable properties such as higher viscosity and density and low calorific value compared to petroleum diesel, resulting in high Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), reduced Brake Power (BP) and increased NOX emissions creating an environmental concerns in biodiesel development. This study investigated the effects of synthesizing transesterification catalysts (CaO and NaOH) with Citric Acid (CA) on the quality of biodiesel and biodiesel blends produced from Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) (Hermetia Illucens). The quality of biodiesel and blends was determined based on fuel properties, engine performance and emission composition characteristics. The tests were performed on a single-cylinder, four-stroke, Compression Ignition (CI) diesel engine at five loads at a constant speed of 1500 rpm. The results showed that synthesizing the catalysts with CA significantly affected the fatty acid profile of the biodiesel compared to physical fuel properties. B100 (pure BSFL biodiesel) exhibited higher BSFC by 10.57-13.97 % and lower BP by 4.21-7.83 % than diesel fuel. However, the Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) of biodiesel was higher than that of diesel fuel by 0.82-4.34 % at maximum load. Synthesizing catalysts with CA improved the viscosity of biodiesel by 0.93-2.81 % and effectively reduced NOX, HC and Smoke opacity by 2.23-3.16 %, 4.95-5.83 % and 20.51-41.15 %, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilies K. Kathumbi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Nairobi, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Patrick G. Home
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - James M. Raude
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Benson B. Gathitu
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Xing X, Zhao T, Cheng J, Duan X, Li W, Li G, Zhang Z, Hao Z. Promotional effect of Cu additive for the selective catalytic oxidation of n-butylamine over CeZrO catalyst. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
|
3
|
Novel insights into diethylamine catalytic combustion over CuO catalysts supported by SSZ-13: Undesirable product NOx as a crucial intermediate for N2 generation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
|
4
|
Qi B, Wu Q, Zhou H, Cen K. Investigation of LaMnO
3
catalyst loaded on HZSM‐5 zeolite for CO catalytic oxidation. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Qiwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Hao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Cui W, Chen H, Liu Q, Cui M, Chen X, Fei Z, Huang J, Tao Z, Wang M, Qiao X. Mn/Co Redox Cycle Promoted Catalytic Performance of Mesoporous SiO
2
‐Confined Highly Dispersed LaMn
x
Co
1‐x
O
3
Perovskite Oxides in n‐Butylamine Combustion. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cui
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Huawei Chen
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Mifen Cui
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Xian Chen
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Zhaoyang Fei
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Jincan Huang
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Zuliang Tao
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Minghong Wang
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
| | - Xu Qiao
- College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 PR China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing 211816 PR China
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Chen H, Cui W, Li D, Tian Q, He J, Liu Q, Chen X, Cui M, Qiao X, Zhang Z, Tang J, Fei Z. Selectively Etching Lanthanum to Engineer Surface Cobalt-Enriched LaCoO3 Perovskite Catalysts for Toluene Combustion. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dunfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qingqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jianjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Mifen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhuxiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jihai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhaoyang Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| |
Collapse
|