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Das S, Laplaza R, Blaskovits JT, Corminboeuf C. Engineering Frustrated Lewis Pair Active Sites in Porous Organic Scaffolds for Catalytic CO 2 Hydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15806-15814. [PMID: 38814248 PMCID: PMC11177311 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), featuring reactive combinations of Lewis acids and Lewis bases, have been utilized for myriad metal-free homogeneous catalytic processes. Immobilizing the active Lewis sites to a solid support, especially to porous scaffolds, has shown great potential to ameliorate FLP catalysis by circumventing some of its inherent drawbacks, such as poor product separation and catalyst recyclability. Nevertheless, designing immobilized Lewis pair active sites (LPASs) is challenging due to the requirement of placing the donor and acceptor centers in appropriate geometric arrangements while maintaining the necessary chemical environment to perform catalysis, and clear design rules have not yet been established. In this work, we formulate simple guidelines to build highly active LPASs for direct catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 through a large-scale screening of a diverse library of 25,000 immobilized FLPs. The library is built by introducing boron-containing acidic sites in the vicinity of the existing basic nitrogen sites of the organic linkers of metal-organic frameworks collected in a "top-down" fashion from the CoRE MOF 2019 database. The chemical and geometrical appropriateness of these LPASs for CO2 hydrogenation is determined by evaluating a series of simple descriptors representing the intrinsic strength (acidity and basicity) of the components and their spatial arrangement in the active sites. Analysis of the leading candidates enables the formulation of pragmatic and experimentally relevant design principles which constitute the starting point for further exploration of FLP-based catalysts for the reduction of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Das
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruben Laplaza
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- National
Center for Competence in Research-Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis), École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J. Terence Blaskovits
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory
for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- National
Center for Competence in Research-Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis), École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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2
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Mondal H, Chattaraj PK. Frustrated Lewis pair-mediated hydro-dehalogenation: crucial role of non-covalent interactions. J Mol Model 2024; 30:198. [PMID: 38842625 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05997-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Organic halides stand as invaluable reagents with diverse applications in synthetic chemistry and various industrial processes. Despite their utility, concerns arise due to their inherent toxicity. Addressing these apprehensions, hydro-dehalogenation has emerged as a promising strategy involving the replacement of halogen atoms with hydrogen atoms to transform toxic organic halides into hydrocarbons. This study delves into the computational exploration of hydro-dehalogenation reactions of benzyl halide, mediated by frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), using density functional theory (DFT). The reactions entail the formation of FLP1 or FLP2 in the presence of TMP or lutidine with B(C6F5)3, respectively. This is followed by heterolytic cleavage of dihydrogen and subsequent reaction with benzyl halides. Non-covalent interaction analysis underscores the significance of π-π stacking and CH-π interactions in stabilizing transition states. Additionally, the activation strain model (ASM) dissects activation energies, revealing the substantial impact of strain energy on reaction barriers. Energy decomposition analysis (EDA) offers insights into the contributions of electrostatic, orbital, and dispersion energies to the overall attractive interaction energy. The investigation extends to hydro-dehalogenation reactions of ethyl halides, uncovering distinct mechanisms and activation barriers. This comprehensive analysis illuminates the intricacies of hydro-dehalogenation reactions, providing valuable insights into their mechanisms and paving the way for future studies in this field. METHODS Geometry optimizations were carried out at the M06-2X/def2-SVP level of theory, which was performed using the Gaussian 16 program. Solvent-corrected single-point energies were also calculated using the polarizable continuum model (PCM) at the PCM(chloroform)-M06-2X/def2-TZVP//M06-2X/def2-SVP level of theory. The Gibbs free energy correction was determined from computations performed at the M06-2X/def2-SVP level of theory. Principal interacting orbital (PIO) analysis was conducted using the NBO 6.0 software. The nature of bonding in the respective transition state (TS) structures was analyzed using atoms-in-molecules (AIM) analyses. Additionally, the presence of non-covalent interactions (NCI) was exemplified using Multiwfn software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himangshu Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India.
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3
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Kou X. Mechanistic Insight Into the Reactivity of Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Liquid-State NMR Studies. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38446616 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2324299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) have been widely investigated as promising catalysts due to their metal-free feature and ability to activate small molecules. Over the last few years, the structure, dynamics and interactions between the Lewis centers and their effects on the reactivity with different substrates have been studied. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful tool in studying the reaction intermediates, kinetics and mechanism of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). Various NMR experiments have been applied to precisely determine the association or cooperativity of FLPs and one or two-dimensional spectra were obtained. Herein, insights coming from NMR spectroscopy for FLPs are presented, the structure and reactivity of FLPs in solution are described, and their effects on the kinetics and mechanism of different substrates are also illustrated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Kou
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department, Analyses and Testing Center, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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4
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Wu Q, Qin R, Zhu M, Shen H, Yu S, Zhong Y, Fu G, Yi X, Zheng N. Frustrated Lewis pairs on pentacoordinated Al 3+-enriched Al 2O 3 promote heterolytic hydrogen activation and hydrogenation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3140-3147. [PMID: 38425526 PMCID: PMC10901510 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06425e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
As an emerging class of metal-free catalysts, frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) catalysts have been greatly constructed and applied in many fields. Homogeneous FLPs have witnessed significant development, while limited heterogeneous FLPs catalysts are available. Herein, we report that heterogeneous FLPs on pentacoordinated Al3+-enriched Al2O3 readily promote the heterolytic activation of H2 and thus hydrogenation catalysis. The defect-rich Al2O3 was prepared by simple calcination of a carboxylate-containing Al precursor. Combinatorial studies confirmed the presence of rich FLPs on the surface of the defective Al2O3. In contrast to conventional alumina (γ-Al2O3), the FLP-containing Al2O3 can activate H2 in the absence of any transition metal species. More importantly, H2 was activated by surface FLPs in a heterolytic pathway, leading to the hydrogenation of styrene in a stepwise process. This work paves the way for the exploration of more underlying heterogeneous FLPs catalysts and further understanding of accurate active sites and catalytic mechanisms of heterogeneous FLPs at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Wu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Ruixuan Qin
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Functional Materials, Fujian Shanhai Collaborative Innovation Center of Rare-Earth Functional Materials Longyan 366300 China
| | - Mengsi Zhu
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Hui Shen
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shenshui Yu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhong
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Gang Fu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiaodong Yi
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) Xiamen 361102 China
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5
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Zou Y, Xia Z, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang S, Qu Y. Regulation of frustrated Lewis pairs on CeO 2 facilitates tandem transformation of styrene and CO 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11855-11858. [PMID: 37721202 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) site of (Ce, Ce)-O on the CeO2(110) surface undergoes reconstruction to form (La, Ce)-O upon La-doping. The FLP site of (La, Ce)-O with the tailored local Lewis acid-base property and increased spatial distance between the Lewis acid and base facilitates the tandem transformation of styrene and CO2 through the weakened adsorption of CO2 while maintaining activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Zhaoming Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - You Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Sai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yongquan Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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6
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Bartalucci E, Schumacher C, Hendrickx L, Puccetti F, d'Anciães Almeida Silva I, Dervişoğlu R, Puttreddy R, Bolm C, Wiegand T. Disentangling the Effect of Pressure and Mixing on a Mechanochemical Bromination Reaction by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203466. [PMID: 36445819 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces, including compressive stresses, have a significant impact on chemical reactions. Besides the preparative opportunities, mechanochemical conditions benefit from the absence of any organic solvent, the possibility of a significant synthetic acceleration and unique reaction pathways. Together with an accurate characterization of ball-milling products, the development of a deeper mechanistic understanding of the occurring transformations at a molecular level is critical for fully grasping the potential of organic mechanosynthesis. We herein studied a bromination of a cyclic sulfoximine in a mixer mill and used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for structural characterization of the reaction products. Magic-angle spinning (MAS) was applied for elucidating the product mixtures taken from the milling jar without introducing any further post-processing on the sample. Ex situ 13 C-detected NMR spectra of ball-milling products showed the formation of a crystalline solid phase with the regioselective bromination of the S-aryl group of the heterocycle in position 4. Completion is reached in less than 30 minutes as deduced from the NMR spectra. The bromination can also be achieved by magnetic stirring, but then, a longer reaction time is required. Mixing the solid educts in the NMR rotor allows to get in situ insights into the reaction and enables the detection of a reaction intermediate. The pressure alone induced in the rotor by MAS is not sufficient to lead to full conversion and the reaction occurs on slower time scales than in the ball mill, which is crucial for analysing mixtures taken from the milling jar by solid-state NMR. Our data suggest that on top of centrifugal forces, an efficient mixing of the starting materials is required for reaching a complete reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Bartalucci
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christian Schumacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leeroy Hendrickx
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesco Puccetti
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Rıza Dervişoğlu
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry P. O. Box. 35, Survontie 9B, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wiegand
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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7
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Pomogaeva AV, Timoshkin AY. Hydrogen Activation by Frustrated and Not So Frustrated Lewis Pairs Based on Pyramidal Lewis Acid 9-Boratriptycene: A Computational Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48493-48505. [PMID: 36591180 PMCID: PMC9798527 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Structural features and reactivity of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) formed by pyramidal group 13 Lewis acids based on 9-bora and 9-alatriptycene and bulky phosphines P t Bu3, PPh3, and PCy3 are considered at the M06-2X/def2-TZVP level of theory. Classic FLP is formed only in the B(C6Me4)3CH/P t Bu3 system, while both FLP and donor-acceptor (DA) complex are observed in the B(C6F4)3CF/P t Bu3 system. Formation of DA complexes was observed in other systems; the B(C6H4)3CH·P t Bu3 complex features an elongated DA bond and can be considered a "latent" FLP. Transition states and reaction pathways for molecular hydrogen activation have been obtained. Processes of heterolytic hydrogen splitting are energetically more favored in solution compared to the gas phase, while activation energies in the gas phase and in solution are close. The alternative processes of hydrogenation of B-C or Al-C bonds in the source pyramidal Lewis acids in the absence of a Lewis base are exergonic but have larger activation energies than those for heterolytic hydrogen splitting. The tuning of Lewis acidity of 9-boratriptycene by changing the substituents allows one to control its reactivity with respect to hydrogen activation. Interestingly, the most promising system from the practical point of view is the DA complex B(C6H4)3CH·P t Bu3, which is predicted to provide both low activation energy and thermodynamic reversibility of the heterolytic hydrogen splitting process. It appears that such "not so frustrated" or "latent" FLPs are the best candidates for reversible heterolytic hydrogen splitting.
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8
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Das S, Laplaza R, Blaskovits JT, Corminboeuf C. Mapping Active Site Geometry to Activity in Immobilized Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202727. [PMID: 35447004 PMCID: PMC9400868 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of molecular catalysts imposes spatial constraints on their active site. We reveal that in bifunctional catalysis such constraints can also be utilized as an appealing handle to boost intrinsic activity through judicious control of the active site geometry. To demonstrate this, we develop a pragmatic approach, based on nonlinear scaling relationships, to map the spatial arrangements of the acid–base components of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) to their performance in the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2. The resulting activity map shows that fixing the donor–acceptor centers at specific distances and locking them into appropriate orientations leads to an unforeseen many‐fold increase in the catalytic activity of FLPs compared to their unconstrained counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Das
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Ruben Laplaza
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research-Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis) Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - J. Terence Blaskovits
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Center for Competence in Research-Catalysis (NCCR-Catalysis) Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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9
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Das S, Laplaza R, Blaskovits JT, Corminboeuf C. Mapping Active Site Geometry to Activity in Immobilized Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Das
- EPFL: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering: Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne Institut des Sciences et Ingenierie Chimiques 1015 Lausanne SWITZERLAND
| | - Ruben Laplaza
- EPFL: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering: 1015 Lausanne SWITZERLAND
| | - Jacob Terence Blaskovits
- EPFL: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering: Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne Institut des Sciences et Ingenierie Chimiques 1015 Lausanne SWITZERLAND
| | - Clemence Corminboeuf
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering EPFL SB ISIC LCMDBCH 5312 10015 Lausanne SWITZERLAND
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10
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Malär AA, Sun Q, Zehnder J, Kehr G, Erker G, Wiegand T. Proton-phosphorous connectivities revealed by high-resolution proton-detected solid-state NMR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7768-7778. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00616b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Proton-detected solid-state NMR enables atomic-level insight in solid-state reactions, for instance in heterogeneous catalysis, which is fundamental for deciphering chemical reaction mechanisms. We herein introduce a phosphorus-31 radiofrequency channel in...
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11
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Stephan DW. Diverse Uses of the Reaction of Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP) with Hydrogen. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20002-20014. [PMID: 34786935 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The articulation of the notion of "frustrated Lewis pairs" (FLPs) emerged from the discovery that H2 can be reversibly activated by combinations of sterically encumbered main group Lewis acids and bases. This has prompted numerous studies focused on various perturbations of the Lewis acid/base combinations and the applications to organic reductions. This Perspective focuses on the new directions and developments that are emerging from this FLP chemistry involving hydrogen. Three areas are discussed including new applications and approaches to FLP reductions, the reductions of small molecules, and the advances in heterogeneous FLP systems. These foci serve to illustrate that despite having its roots in main group chemistry, this simple concept of FLPs is being applied across the discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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12
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Zhao H, Huang L, Wang Y, Feng K, Chang Y, Huang S, Ma C, Yan X. Mechanochromic Luminescence of 2,6-Bis(4-biphenyl)isonicotinic Acid via Interconversion of Classical/Frustrated Brönsted Pair. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12591-12596. [PMID: 34469157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A practicable strategy to a reversible mechanochromic material featuring interconversion of classical/frustrated Brönsted pairs has been established. We report the mechanochromic property of 2,6-bis(4-biphenyl)isonicotinic acid (1), which features a frustrated Brönsted pair in the crystalline form and a classical Brönsted pair after grinding. A large mechanochromic shift was found from 428 to 505 nm. In addition, compound 1 also exhibits acidochromic behavior, which further proves that the formation of an acid-base interaction is responsible for the mechanochromic phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Linwei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Yedong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhao Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxing Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
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13
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Wübker A, Koppe J, Bradtmüller H, Keweloh L, Pleschka D, Uhl W, Hansen MR, Eckert H. Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques for the Structural Characterization of Geminal Alane-Phosphane Frustrated Lewis Pairs and Secondary Adducts. Chemistry 2021; 27:13249-13257. [PMID: 34270155 PMCID: PMC8518393 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The first comprehensive solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterization of geminal alane-phosphane frustrated Lewis pairs (Al/P FLPs) is reported. Their relevant NMR parameters (isotropic chemical shifts, direct and indirect 27 Al-31 P spin-spin coupling constants, and 27 Al nuclear electric quadrupole coupling tensor components) have been determined by numerical analysis of the experimental NMR line shapes and compared with values computed from the known crystal structures by using density functional theory (DFT) methods. Our work demonstrates that the 31 P NMR chemical shifts for the studied Al/P FLPs are very sensitive to slight structural inequivalences. The 27 Al NMR central transition signals are spread out over a broad frequency range (>200 kHz), owing to the presence of strong nuclear electric quadrupolar interactions that can be well-reproduced by the static 27 Al wideband uniform rate smooth truncation (WURST) Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (WCPMG) NMR experiment. 27 Al chemical shifts and quadrupole tensor components offer a facile and clear distinction between three- and four-coordinate aluminum environments. For measuring internuclear Al⋅⋅⋅P distances a new resonance-echo saturation-pulse double-resonance (RESPDOR) experiment was developed by using efficient saturation via frequency-swept WURST pulses. The successful implementation of this widely applicable technique indicates that internuclear Al⋅⋅⋅P distances in these compounds can be measured within a precision of ±0.1 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna‐Lena Wübker
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Jonas Koppe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Henrik Bradtmüller
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
- Department of Materials EngineeringVitreous Materials LaboratoryFederal University of São CarlosCP 67613565-905São CarlosSPBrazil
| | - Lukas Keweloh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Damian Pleschka
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
- Instituto de Física de São CarlosUniversidade de São PauloSão CarlosSP13566-590Brazil
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Cabrera‐Trujillo JJ, Fernández I. Understanding the C−F Bond Activation Mediated by Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Crucial Role of Non‐covalent Interactions. Chemistry 2021; 27:3823-3831. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Juan Cabrera‐Trujillo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
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15
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Bowden ME, Ginovska B, Jones MO, Karkamkar AJ, Ramirez-Cuesta AJ, Daemen LL, Schenter GK, Miller SA, Repo T, Chernichenko K, Leick N, Martinez MB, Autrey T. Heterolytic Scission of Hydrogen Within a Crystalline Frustrated Lewis Pair. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15295-15301. [PMID: 33000622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the heterolysis of molecular hydrogen under ambient conditions by the crystalline frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) 1-{2-[bis(pentafluorophenyl)boryl]phenyl}-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (KCAT). The gas-solid reaction provides an approach to prepare the solvent-free, polycrystalline ion pair KCATH2 through a single crystal to single crystal transformation. The crystal lattice of KCATH2 increases in size relative to the parent KCAT by approximately 2%. Microscopy was used to follow the transformation of the highly colored red/orange KCAT to the colorless KCATH2 over a period of 2 h at 300 K under a flow of H2 gas. There is no evidence of crystal decrepitation during hydrogen uptake. Inelastic neutron scattering employed over a temperature range from 4-200 K did not provide evidence for the formation of polarized H2 in a precursor complex within the crystal at low temperatures and high pressures. However, at 300 K, the INS spectrum of KCAT transformed to the INS spectrum of KCATH2. Calculations suggest that the driving force is more favorable in the solid state compared to the solution or gas phase, but the addition of H2 into the KCAT crystal is unfavorable. Ab Initio methods were used to calculate the INS spectra of KCAT, KCATH2, and a possible precursor complex of H2 in the pocket between the B and N of crystalline KCAT. Ex-situ NMR showed that the transformation from KCAT to KCATH2 is quantitative and our results suggest that the hydrogen heterolysis process occurs via H2 diffusion into the FLP crystal with a rate-limiting movement of H2 from inactive positions to reactive sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Bowden
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Bojana Ginovska
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Martin Owen Jones
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Spallation Facility, STFC, RAL, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.,St Andrews University, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9AJ, Scotland U.K
| | - Abhijeet J Karkamkar
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Anibal J Ramirez-Cuesta
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Luke L Daemen
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Gregory K Schenter
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Seth A Miller
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Timo Repo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Noemi Leick
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80403, United States
| | - Madison B Martinez
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80403, United States
| | - Tom Autrey
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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16
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Heshmat M, Ensing B. Optimizing the Energetics of FLP-Type H 2 Activation by Modulating the Electronic and Structural Properties of the Lewis Acids: A DFT Study. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6399-6410. [PMID: 32666803 PMCID: PMC8279552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c03108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The great potential of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) as metal-free catalysts for activation of molecular hydrogen has attracted increasing interest as an alternative to transition-metal catalysts. However, the complexity of FLP systems, involving the simultaneous interaction of three molecules, impedes a detailed understanding of the activation mechanism and the individual roles of the Lewis acid (LA) and Lewis base (LB). In the present work, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we examine the reactivity of 75 FLPs for the H2 splitting reaction, including a series of experimentally investigated LAs combined with conventional phosphine-based (tBu3P) and oxygen-based (i.e., ethereal solvent) Lewis bases. We find that the catalytic activity of the FLP is the result of a delicate balance of the LA and LB strengths and their bulkiness. The H2 splitting reaction can be changed from endergonic to exergonic by tuning the electrophilicity of the LA. Also, a more nucleophilic LB results in a more stable ion pair product and a lower barrier for the hydrogen splitting. The bulkiness of the LB leads to an early transition state to reduce steric hindrance and lower the barrier height. The bulkiness of the fragments determines the cavity size in the FLP complex, and a large cavity allows for a larger charge separation in the ion pair configuration. A shorter proton-hydride distance in this product complex correlates with a stronger attraction between the fragments, which forms more reactive ion pairs and facilitates the proton and hydride donations in the subsequent hydrogenation process. These insights may help with rationalizing the experimentally observed reactivities of FLPs and with designing better FLP systems for hydrogenation catalysis and hydrogen storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Heshmat
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Ensing
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Heshmat M. Alternative Pathway of CO 2 Hydrogenation by Lewis-Pair-Functionalized UiO-66 MOF Revealed by Metadynamics Simulations. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:10951-10960. [PMID: 34122685 PMCID: PMC8192054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The reaction between H2 and CO2 catalyzed by an intramolecular frustrated Lewis pair, which is covalently bonded to a UiO-66 metal-organic framework (MOF), is considered in this work. Free energy surfaces (FESs) for this reaction are generated throughout finite-temperature density functional theory (DFT) metadynamics (MD) simulations. The simulated FESs indicate an alternative stepwise pathway for the hydrogenation of CO2. Furthermore, indications of weaker binding of CO2 than H2 to the Lewis pair centers have been observed via metadynamics simulations. These findings were unknown from the results of static-DFT calculations, which proposed a concerted reduction of CO2. The results of the present work may influence the design of new efficient heterogeneous Lewis pair (LP)-functionalized MOFs to catalyze capture and conversion of CO2 to high-value chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Heshmat
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Universiteit
van Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Li J, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Using the Secondary PH/BH Functional Groups of an Active Geminal Frustrated Lewis Pair for Carbon Monoxide Reduction and Reactions with Nitriles and Isonitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12477-12483. [PMID: 31994804 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the secondary alkynyl(Mes*)PH phosphane 2 with (Fmes)BH2 ⋅SMe2 gives the geminal PH/BH frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) 3. The PH and the BH functions are jointly used in the reduction of carbon monoxide under mild reaction conditions to give the [P]-CH2 -O-[B] product. A subsequent cycloaddition sequence results in the liberation of formaldehyde. The FLP 3 reacts with benzonitrile to give a P-benzamidine, and it couples two isonitriles at the FLP framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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19
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Li J, Mück‐Lichtenfeld C, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Using the Secondary PH/BH Functional Groups of an Active Geminal Frustrated Lewis Pair for Carbon Monoxide Reduction and Reactions with Nitriles and Isonitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Christian Mück‐Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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20
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Fiorio JL, Barbosa ECM, Kikuchi DK, Camargo PHC, Rudolph M, Hashmi ASK, Rossi LM. Piperazine-promoted gold-catalyzed hydrogenation: the influence of capping ligands. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02016k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The presence of capping ligands can block the adsorption of the amine ligand on gold NPs, preventing the formation of a ligand–metal interface able to activate H2 for selective hydrogenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan L. Fiorio
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Eduardo C. M. Barbosa
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Danielle K. Kikuchi
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Pedro H. C. Camargo
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg University
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg University
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Liane M. Rossi
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
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21
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Knitsch R, Özgün T, Chen GQ, Kehr G, Erker G, Hansen MR, Eckert H. Dihydrogen Splitting by Intramolecular Borane-Phosphane Frustrated Lewis Pairs: A Comprehensive Characterization Strategy Using Solid State NMR and DFT Calculations. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1837-1849. [PMID: 31127674 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Four hydrogenated intramolecular phosphane-borane frustrated Lewis pair (B/P FLP) compounds bearing unsaturated cyclic or aromatic carbon backbones have been synthesized and structurally characterized using 11 B, 31 P, 1 H and 2 H solid-state NMR spectroscopy. A comparison of the spectra with those of the corresponding free B/P FLPs shows that both 11 B isotropic chemical shifts as well as nuclear electric quadrupolar coupling constants decrease significantly upon FLP hydrogenation, revealing the breakage of the partial B-P bond present in the starting materials. Likewise, the 31 P isotropic chemical shift, the chemical shift anisotropy, and the asymmetry parameter decrease significantly upon FLP hydrogenation, reflecting the formation of a more symmetric, C3v -like local environment. 11 B{31 P} rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) experiments can be used to measure the B-P internuclear distance (about 3.2 Å) of these compounds. Observation of the hydrogen atoms bound to the Lewis centers is best accomplished via 31 P{1 H} and 11 B{1 H} cross-polarization-heteronuclear correlation experiments or by direct observation of the 2 H MAS NMR signals on especially prepared FLP-D2 adducts. For accurately measuring the phosphorus-deuterium distance via 31 P{2 H} rotational echo adiabatic passage double resonance (REAPDOR), it is essential to take the secondary dipolar coupling of 31 P with the boron-bonded 2 H nuclei explicitly into consideration, by simulating a 2 HP -31 P-2 HB three-spin system based on structural input. All of the experimental NMR interaction parameters are found in excellent agreement with values calculated by DFT methods, using the geometries obtained either by energy optimization or from single-crystal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Knitsch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-41849, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Özgün
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-41849, Münster, Germany
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-41849, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-41849, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-41849, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-41849, Münster, Germany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, WWU Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-41849, Münster, Germany.,Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
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22
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Wang L, Yan T, Song R, Sun W, Dong Y, Guo J, Zhang Z, Wang X, Ozin GA. Room‐Temperature Activation of H
2
by a Surface Frustrated Lewis Pair. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9501-9505. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Tingjiang Yan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
| | - Rui Song
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy & State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shanxi 710049 P. R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Yuchan Dong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Jiuli Guo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- Department of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Zizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Xuxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Geoffrey A. Ozin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
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23
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Wang L, Yan T, Song R, Sun W, Dong Y, Guo J, Zhang Z, Wang X, Ozin GA. Room‐Temperature Activation of H
2
by a Surface Frustrated Lewis Pair. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Tingjiang Yan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
| | - Rui Song
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy & State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shanxi 710049 P. R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Yuchan Dong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Jiuli Guo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- Department of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Zizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Xuxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Geoffrey A. Ozin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
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25
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Hydrogen activation enabled by the interfacial frustrated Lewis pairs on cobalt borate nanosheets. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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