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Sun R, Yang J, Patil S, Liu Y, Zuo X, Lee A, Yang W, Wang Y, Cheng S. Relaxation dynamics of deformed polymer nanocomposites as revealed by small-angle scattering and rheology. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8867-8884. [PMID: 36377377 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00775d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The relaxation dynamics of polystyrene (PS)/silica nanocomposites after a large step deformation are studied by a combination of small-angle scattering techniques and rheology. Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements and rheology show clear signatures of nanoparticle aggregation that enhances the mechanical properties of the polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) in the linear viscoelastic regime and during the initial phase of stress relaxation along with accelerated relaxation dynamics. Small-angle neutron scattering experiments under the zero-average-contrast condition reveal, however, smaller structural anisotropy in the PNCs than that in the neat polymer matrix, as well as accelerated anisotropy relaxation. In addition, the degrees of anisotropy reduction and relaxation dynamics acceleration increase with increasing nanoparticle loading. These results are in sharp contrast to the prevailing viewpoint of enhanced molecular deformation as the main mechanism for the mechanical enhancement in PNCs. Furthermore, the observed acceleration of stress relaxation and reduction in structural anisotropy point to two types of nonlinear effects in the relaxation dynamics of PNCs at large deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikun Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, P. R. China
| | - Shalin Patil
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Yun Liu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Andre Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
| | - Shiwang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Adherent Moving of Polymers in Spherical Confined Binary Semiflexible Ring Polymer Mixtures. BIOPHYSICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/biophysica2040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Based on the coarse-grained model, we used molecular dynamics methods to calculate and simulate a semiflexible long ring–semiflexible short ring blended polymer system confined in a hard sphere. We systematically studied the distribution and motion characteristics of the long ring chain. The results show that when the short ring is short enough (Lshort < 20), the long ring (Llong = 50) is separated from the blend system and then distributed against the inner wall. As the length of the short ring increases (Lshort ≥ 20), the long ring can no longer be separated from the blending system. Moreover, we found that the long ring demonstrates a random direction of adherent walking behavior on the inner surface of the hard sphere. The velocity of the long ring decreases with the increase in the short ring length Lshort. Specifically for Lshort ≥ 20, the system does not undergo phase separation and the speed of the long ring decreases sharply along with the long ring distributed inside the confined bulk. This is related to the inner wall layer moving faster than the inside bulk of the restricted system. Our simulation results can help us to understand the distribution of macromolecules in biological systems in confined systems, including the restricted chromosome partitioning distribution and packing structure of circular DNA molecules.
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Zhao O, Collinson DW, Ohshita S, Naito M, Nakano N, Tortissier G, Nomura T, Dauskardt RH. Insights into the Mechanical Properties of Ultrathin Perfluoropolyether-Silane Coatings. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6435-6442. [PMID: 35543410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin perfluoropolyether-silane (PFPE-silane) films offer excellent functionality as antifingerprint coatings for display touchscreens due to their oleophobic, hydrophobic, and good adhesion properties. During smartphone use, PFPE-silane coatings undergo many abrasion cycles which limit the coating lifetime, so a better understanding of how to optimize the film structure for improved mechanical durability is desired. However, the hydrophobic and ultrathin (1-10 nm) nature of PFPE-silane films renders them very difficult to experimentally characterize. In this study, the cohesive fracture energy and elastic modulus, which are directly correlated with hardness and better wear resistance of 3.5 nm-thick PFPE-silane films were, respectively, measured by double cantilever beam testing and atomic force microscopy indentation. Both the cohesive fracture energy and modulus are shown to be highly dependent on the underlying film structure. Both values increase with optimal substrate conditions and a higher number of silane groups in the PFPE-silane precursor. The higher cohesive fracture energy and modulus values are suggested to be the result of the changes in the film chemistry and structure, leading to higher cross-linking density. Therefore, future work on optimizing PFPE-silane film wear resistance should focus on pathways to improve the cross-linking density. Subcritical fracture testing in humid environments reveals that humidity negatively affects the fracture properties of PFPE-silane films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2205, United States
| | - David W Collinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2205, United States
| | - Shinsuke Ohshita
- Daikin Industries Limited, 1-1, Nishihitotsuya, Settsu, Osaka 566-8585, Japan
| | - Masato Naito
- Daikin Industries Limited, 1-1, Nishihitotsuya, Settsu, Osaka 566-8585, Japan
| | - Nozomi Nakano
- Daikin Industries Limited, 1-1, Nishihitotsuya, Settsu, Osaka 566-8585, Japan
| | - Gregory Tortissier
- Daikin Industries Limited, 1-1, Nishihitotsuya, Settsu, Osaka 566-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Daikin Industries Limited, 1-1, Nishihitotsuya, Settsu, Osaka 566-8585, Japan
| | - Reinhold H Dauskardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2205, United States
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Park C, Lim JW, Park G, Kim HO, Lee S, Kwon YH, Kim SE, Yeom M, Na W, Song D, Kim E, Haam S. Kinetic stability modulation of polymeric nanoparticles for enhanced detection of influenza virus via penetration of viral fusion peptides. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9658-9669. [PMID: 34647566 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01847g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Specific interactions between viruses and host cells provide essential insights into material science-based strategies to combat emerging viral diseases. pH-triggered viral fusion is ubiquitous to multiple viral families and is important for understanding the viral infection cycle. Inspired by this process, virus detection has been achieved using nanomaterials with host-mimetic membranes, enabling interactions with amphiphilic hemagglutinin fusion peptides of viruses. Most research has been on designing functional nanoparticles with fusogenic capability for virus detection, and there has been little exploitation of the kinetic stability to alter the ability of nanoparticles to interact with viral membranes and improve their sensing performance. In this study, a homogeneous fluorescent assay using self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) with tunable responsiveness to external stimuli is developed for rapid and straightforward detection of an activated influenza A virus. Dissociation of PNPs induced by virus insertion can be readily controlled by varying the fraction of hydrophilic segments in copolymers constituting PNPs, giving rise to fluorescence signals within 30 min and detection of various influenza viruses, including H9N2, CA04(H1N1), H4N6, and H6N8. Therefore, the designs demonstrated in this study propose underlying approaches for utilizing engineered PNPs through modulation of their kinetic stability for direct and sensitive identification of infectious viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaewon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Woo Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Geunseon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ouk Kim
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering College of Art, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojeong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yuri H Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Minjoo Yeom
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Woonsung Na
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.,Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesub Song
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seungjoo Haam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Collinson DW, Sheridan RJ, Palmeri MJ, Brinson LC. Best practices and recommendations for accurate nanomechanical characterization of heterogeneous polymer systems with atomic force microscopy. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhou X, Guo F, Li K, He L, Zhang L. Entropy-induced Separation of Binary Semiflexible Ring Polymer Mixtures in Spherical Confinement. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1992. [PMID: 31810347 PMCID: PMC6960585 DOI: 10.3390/polym11121992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the conformations of binary semiflexible ring polymers (SRPs) of two different lengths confined in a hard sphere. Segregated structures of SRPs in binary mixtures are strongly dependent upon the number density of system (ρ), the bending energy of long SRPs (Kb, long), and the chain length ratio of long to short SRPs (α). With a low ρ or a weak Kb, long at a small ratio α, long SRPs are immersed randomly in the matrix of short SRPs. As ρ and bending energy of long SRPs (Kb, long) are increased up to a certain value for a large ratio α, a nearly complete segregation between long and short SRPs is observed, which can be further characterized by the ratio of tangential and radial components of long SRPs velocity. These explicit segregated structures of the two components in spherical confinement are induced by a delicate competition between the entropic excluded volume (depletion) effects and bending contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhou
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; (X.Z.); (F.G.); (K.L.)
| | - Fuchen Guo
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; (X.Z.); (F.G.); (K.L.)
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; (X.Z.); (F.G.); (K.L.)
| | - Linli He
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linxi Zhang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; (X.Z.); (F.G.); (K.L.)
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Collinson DW, Eaton MD, Shull KR, Brinson LC. Deconvolution of Stress Interaction Effects from Atomic Force Spectroscopy Data across Polymer−Particle Interfaces. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - L. Catherine Brinson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Xia W, Lan T. Interfacial Dynamics Governs the Mechanical Properties of Glassy Polymer Thin Films. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xia
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Tian Lan
- Formulation, Automation & Materials Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Rd., Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
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Kang E, Graczykowski B, Jonas U, Christie D, Gray LAG, Cangialosi D, Priestley RD, Fytas G. Shell Architecture Strongly Influences the Glass Transition, Surface Mobility, and Elasticity of Polymer Core-Shell Nanoparticles. Macromolecules 2019; 52:5399-5406. [PMID: 31367064 PMCID: PMC6659035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing application of nanostructured polymeric materials, there still remains a large gap in our understanding of polymer mechanics and thermal stability under confinement and near polymer-polymer interfaces. In particular, the knowledge of polymer nanoparticle thermal stability and mechanics is of great importance for their application in drug delivery, phononics, and photonics. Here, we quantified the effects of a polymer shell layer on the modulus and glass-transition temperature (T g) of polymer core-shell nanoparticles via Brillouin light spectroscopy and modulated differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Nanoparticles consisting of a polystyrene (PS) core and shell layers of poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) were characterized as model systems. We found that the high T g of the PS core was largely unaffected by the presence of an outer polymer shell, whereas the lower T g of the PBMA shell layer decreased with increasing PBMA thickness. The surface mobility was revealed at a temperature about 15 K lower than the T g of the PBMA shell layer. Overall, the modulus of the core-shell nanoparticles decreased with increasing PBMA shell layer thickness. These results suggest that the nanoparticle modulus and T g can be tuned independently through the control of nanoparticle composition and architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Kang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bartlomiej Graczykowski
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Faculty
of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ulrich Jonas
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology, University of
Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Dane Christie
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Princeton Institute for the Science
and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Laura A. G. Gray
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Princeton Institute for the Science
and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Daniele Cangialosi
- Centro
de
Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Rodney D. Priestley
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Princeton Institute for the Science
and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - George Fytas
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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