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Chu B, Chen Z, Shi H, Wu X, Wang H, Dong F, He Y. Fluorescence, ultrasonic and photoacoustic imaging for analysis and diagnosis of diseases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2399-2412. [PMID: 36744435 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06654h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical imaging technology, which allows us to peer deeply within living subjects and visually explore the delivery and distribution of agents in living things, is producing tremendous opportunities for the early diagnosis and precise therapy of diseases. In this feature article, based on reviewing the latest representative examples of progress together with our recent efforts in the bioimaging field, we intend to introduce three typical kinds of non-invasive imaging technologies, i.e., fluorescence, ultrasonic and photoacoustic imaging, in which optical and/or acoustic signals are employed for analyzing various diseases. In particular, fluorescence imaging possesses a series of outstanding advantages, such as high temporal resolution, as well as rapid and sensitive feedback. Hence, in the first section, we will introduce the latest studies on developing novel fluorescence imaging methods for imaging bacterial infections, cancer and lymph node metastasis in a long-term and real-time manner. However, the issues of imaging penetration depth induced by photon scattering and light attenuation of biological tissue limit their widespread in vivo imaging applications. Taking advantage of the excellect penetration depth of acoustic signals, ultrasonic imaging has been widely applied for determining the location, size and shape of organs, identifying normal and abnormal tissues, as well as confirming the edges of lesions in hospitals. Thus, in the second section, we will briefly summarize recent advances in ultrasonic imaging techniques for diagnosing diseases in deep tissues. Nevertheless, the absence of lesion targeting and dependency on a professional technician may lead to the possibility of false-positive diagnosis. By combining the merits of both optical and acoustic signals, newly-developed photoacoustic imaging, simultaneously featuring higher temporal and spatial resolution with good sensitivity, as well as deeper penetration depth, is discussed in the third secretion. In the final part, we further discuss the major challenges and prospects for developing imaging technology for accurate disease diagnosis. We believe that these non-invasive imaging technologies will introduce a new perspective for the precise diagnosis of various diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Chu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
| | - Haoliang Shi
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
| | - Houyu Wang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Fenglin Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
| | - Yao He
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Luan X, Kong H, He P, Yang G, Zhu D, Guo L, Wei G. Self-Assembled Peptide-Based Nanodrugs: Molecular Design, Synthesis, Functionalization, and Targeted Tumor Bioimaging and Biotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205787. [PMID: 36440657 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Functional nanomaterials as nanodrugs based on the self-assembly of inorganics, polymers, and biomolecules have showed wide applications in biomedicine and tissue engineering. Ascribing to the unique biological, chemical, and physical properties of peptide molecules, peptide is used as an excellent precursor material for the synthesis of functional nanodrugs for highly effective cancer therapy. Herein, recent progress on the design, synthesis, functional regulation, and cancer bioimaging and biotherapy of peptide-based nanodrugs is summarized. For this aim, first molecular design and controllable synthesis of peptide nanodrugs with 0D to 3D structures are presented, and then the functional customization strategies for peptide nanodrugs are presented. Then, the applications of peptide-based nanodrugs in bioimaging, chemotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are demonstrated and discussed in detail. Furthermore, peptide-based drugs in preclinical, clinical trials, and approved are briefly described. Finally, the challenges and potential solutions are pointed out on addressing the questions of this promising research topic. This comprehensive review can guide the motif design and functional regulation of peptide nanomaterials for facile synthesis of nanodrugs, and further promote their practical applications for diagnostics and therapy of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hao Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Guozheng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Danzhu Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lei Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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Subasinghe SAAS, Pautler RG, Samee MAH, Yustein JT, Allen MJ. Dual-Mode Tumor Imaging Using Probes That Are Responsive to Hypoxia-Induced Pathological Conditions. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070478. [PMID: 35884281 PMCID: PMC9313010 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia in solid tumors is associated with poor prognosis, increased aggressiveness, and strong resistance to therapeutics, making accurate monitoring of hypoxia important. Several imaging modalities have been used to study hypoxia, but each modality has inherent limitations. The use of a second modality can compensate for the limitations and validate the results of any single imaging modality. In this review, we describe dual-mode imaging systems for the detection of hypoxia that have been reported since the start of the 21st century. First, we provide a brief overview of the hallmarks of hypoxia used for imaging and the imaging modalities used to detect hypoxia, including optical imaging, ultrasound imaging, photoacoustic imaging, single-photon emission tomography, X-ray computed tomography, positron emission tomography, Cerenkov radiation energy transfer imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, electron paramagnetic resonance imaging, magnetic particle imaging, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and mass spectrometric imaging. These overviews are followed by examples of hypoxia-relevant imaging using a mixture of probes for complementary single-mode imaging techniques. Then, we describe dual-mode molecular switches that are responsive in multiple imaging modalities to at least one hypoxia-induced pathological change. Finally, we offer future perspectives toward dual-mode imaging of hypoxia and hypoxia-induced pathophysiological changes in tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robia G. Pautler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.G.P.); (M.A.H.S.)
| | - Md. Abul Hassan Samee
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.G.P.); (M.A.H.S.)
| | - Jason T. Yustein
- Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences and the Department of Pediatrics in the Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers and The Faris D. Virani Ewing Sarcoma Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Matthew J. Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Selection and identification of a specific peptide binding to ovarian cancer cells from a phage-displayed peptide library. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:951-960. [PMID: 35771408 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ovarian cancer is one of the most fatal gynecological malignancies. It is emergently needed to select a novel molecular fragment as a targeting element for the future development of molecular imaging diagnosis and targeting chemotherapy to ovarian cancer. RESULTS After five rounds of biopanning, a total of 44 positive phage clones were selected from final phage displayed peptide library. Nine consensus sequences were found based on the assay of sequencing results, then one clone of each consensus group was characterized and identified further by immunofluorescence assay. The result showed the phage clone R20 presents best targeting capacity. Then we synthesized peptide (OSP2) clone R20 displayed, it was characterized with high specificity and sensitivity binding to human ovarian cancer by a tissue chip assay. The target of OSP2 was predicted and docked as human carbonic anhydrase XII (CA12), an important protein usually deregulated in cancer. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, OSP2 and its target indicate a novel investigation way in future to develop novel agent or drug delivery formulation for molecular imaging diagnosis and targeting chemotherapy of ovarian cancer.
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Peptide-Conjugated Aggregation-Induced Emission Fluorogenic Probe for Glypican-3 Protein Detection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Imaging. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10050195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality on a global scale, and the development of accurate detection and imaging methods for HCC cells is urgently needed. Herein, by connecting peptide L5, which can specifically bind to the overexpressed Glypican-3 (GPC-3) protein of HCC cells with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) moiety ammonium cation-functionalized 9,10-distyrylanthracene (NDSA) via the “click” reaction, we synthesized a fluorescent probe NDSA-L5. In an aqueous solution, the probe shows weak emission, whereas, in the presence of the GPC-3 protein, bright fluorescence can be obtained since NDSA-L5 binds to the GPC-3 protein, leading to the restricted intramolecular movement of AIE-active NDSA-L5. The imaging and flow cytometry experiments demonstrate that the NDSA-L5 probe can rapidly accumulate in the subcutaneous HCC cells and liver tumor tissue and shows a potential application in early detection and surgical navigation for HCC cancer.
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Zhao D, Cao J, Zhang L, Zhang S, Wu S. Targeted Molecular Imaging Probes Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis and Treatment. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050342. [PMID: 35624643 PMCID: PMC9138815 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most commonly malignant tumor and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with HCC is core in improving its prognosis. The early diagnosis of HCC depends largely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI has good soft-tissue resolution, which is the international standard method for the diagnosis of HCC. However, MRI is still insufficient in the diagnosis of some early small HCCs and malignant nodules, resulting in false negative results. With the deepening of research on HCC, researchers have found many specific molecular biomarkers on the surface of HCC cells, which may assist in diagnosis and treatment. On the other hand, molecular imaging has progressed rapidly in recent years, especially in the field of cancer theranostics. Hence, the preparation of molecular imaging probes that can specifically target the biomarkers of HCC, combined with MRI testing in vivo, may achieve the theranostic purpose of HCC in the early stage. Therefore, in this review, taking MR imaging as the basic point, we summarized the recent progress regarding the molecular imaging targeting various types of biomarkers on the surface of HCC cells to improve the theranostic rate of HCC. Lastly, we discussed the existing obstacles and future prospects of developing molecular imaging probes as HCC theranostic nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen 518000, China;
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215006, China;
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Center of Interventional Radiology & Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen 518000, China;
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen 518000, China;
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (S.Z.); (S.W.)
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Yang S, Cai C, Wang H, Ma X, Shao A, Sheng J, Yu C. Drug delivery strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:26. [PMID: 35248060 PMCID: PMC8898478 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, with high rates of recurrence and death. Surgical resection and ablation therapy have limited efficacy for patients with advanced HCC and poor liver function, so pharmacotherapy is the first-line option for those patients. Traditional antitumor drugs have the disadvantages of poor biological distribution and pharmacokinetics, poor target selectivity, high resistance, and high toxicity to nontargeted tissues. Recently, the development of nanotechnology has significantly improved drug delivery to tumor sites by changing the physical and biological characteristics of drugs and nanocarriers to improve their pharmacokinetics and biological distribution and to selectively accumulate cytotoxic agents at tumor sites. Here, we systematically review the tumor microenvironment of HCC and the recent application of nanotechnology in HCC.
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Al-Mansoori L, Elsinga P, Goda SK. Bio-vehicles of cytotoxic drugs for delivery to tumor specific targets for cancer precision therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112260. [PMID: 34607105 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal structural and molecular changes in malignant tissues were thoroughly investigated and utilized to target tumor cells, hence rescuing normal healthy tissues and lowering the unwanted side effects as non-specific cytotoxicity. Various ligands for cancer cell specific markers have been uncovered and inspected for directional delivery of the anti-cancer drug to the tumor site, in addition to diagnostic applications. Over the past few decades research related to the ligand targeted therapy (LTT) increased tremendously aiming to treat various pathologies, mainly cancers with well exclusive markers. Malignant tumors are known to induce elevated levels of a variety of proteins and peptides known as cancer "markers" as certain antigens (e.g., Prostate specific membrane antigen "PSMA", carcinoembryonic antigen "CEA"), receptors (folate receptor, somatostatin receptor), integrins (Integrin αvβ3) and cluster of differentiation molecules (CD13). The choice of an appropriate marker to be targeted and the design of effective ligand-drug conjugate all has to be carefully selected to generate the required therapeutic effect. Moreover, since some tumors express aberrantly high levels of more than one marker, some approaches investigated targeting cancer cells with more than one ligand (dual or multi targeting). We aim in this review to report an update on the cancer-specific receptors and the vehicles to deliver cytotoxic drugs, including recent advancements on nano delivery systems and their implementation in targeted cancer therapy. We will discuss the advantages and limitations facing this approach and possible solutions to mitigate these obstacles. To achieve the said aim a literature search in electronic data bases (PubMed and others) using keywords "Cancer specific receptors, cancer specific antibody, tumor specific peptide carriers, cancer overexpressed proteins, gold nanotechnology and gold nanoparticles in cancer treatment" was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Al-Mansoori
- Qatar University, Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Philip Elsinga
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sayed K Goda
- Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Giza, Egypt; University of Derby, College of Science and Engineering, Derby, UK.
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Li B, Wang X, Hong S, Wang Q, Li L, Eltayeb O, Dong C, Shuang S. MnO 2 nanosheets anchored with polypyrrole nanoparticles as a multifunctional platform for combined photothermal/photodynamic therapy of tumors. Food Funct 2021; 12:6334-6347. [PMID: 34100053 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, PPy@MnO2 nanocomposites were first harvested by anchoring MnO2 nanosheets on polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles via an in situ redox reaction, then polyethylene glycol (PEG) modifier and methylene blue (MB) photosensitizer were linked through electrostatic interactions to obtain PPy@MnO2-PEG-MB nanoarchitectures. PPy nanoparticles ensure photothermal therapy (PTT) ability and MnO2 nanosheets ameliorate tumor hypoxia for enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT). Therefore, a multifunctional nanotherapeutic system was constructed for the combined PTT/PDT of tumors. For extracellular photothermal properties, the optimal temperature elevation was 52.6 °C with 54.4% photothermal conversion efficiency. The extracellular PDT ability was measured by detecting 1O2 generation; more 1O2 was produced under acidic conditions in the presence of H2O2 (a simulated tumor microenvironment). The effective cellular uptake of the nanotherapeutic system in HeLa cells was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). CLSM also indicated that more 1O2 was generated by the nanotherapeutic system as compared to free MB in HeLa cells, confirming the amelioration of tumor hypoxia by MnO2 nanosheets. MTT assays demonstrated that the nanotherapeutic system possessed superior biocompatibility without laser irradiation, and the lowest cell viabilities for single PTT and PDT groups were 13.78%, 38.82% respectively, while there was only 1.29% cell viability in the combined PTT and PDT group. These results suggest that the strategy of assembling PPy with MnO2 for a multifunctional PTT and enhanced PDT nanoplatform was realized, and opens up an unimpeded approach for integrating photothermal reduction materials with MnO2 for use in synergistic PTT and PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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Mourdikoudis S, Kostopoulou A, LaGrow AP. Magnetic Nanoparticle Composites: Synergistic Effects and Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004951. [PMID: 34194936 PMCID: PMC8224446 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Composite materials are made from two or more constituent materials with distinct physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce a material with characteristics which are at least to some degree different from its individual components. Nanocomposite materials are composed of different materials of which at least one has nanoscale dimensions. Common types of nanocomposites consist of a combination of two different elements, with a nanoparticle that is linked to, or surrounded by, another organic or inorganic material, for example in a core-shell or heterostructure configuration. A general family of nanoparticle composites concerns the coating of a nanoscale material by a polymer, SiO2 or carbon. Other materials, such as graphene or graphene oxide (GO), are used as supports forming composites when nanoscale materials are deposited onto them. In this Review we focus on magnetic nanocomposites, describing their synthetic methods, physical properties and applications. Several types of nanocomposites are presented, according to their composition, morphology or surface functionalization. Their applications are largely due to the synergistic effects that appear thanks to the co-existence of two different materials and to their interface, resulting in properties often better than those of their single-phase components. Applications discussed concern magnetically separable catalysts, water treatment, diagnostics-sensing and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Biophysics GroupDepartment of Physics and AstronomyUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK
- UCL Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories21 Albemarle StreetLondonW1S 4BSUK
| | - Athanasia Kostopoulou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL)Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas (FORTH)100 Nikolaou PlastiraHeraklionCrete70013Greece
| | - Alec P. LaGrow
- International Iberian Nanotechnology LaboratoryBraga4715‐330Portugal
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Qin Y, Cheng S, Li Y, Zou S, Chen M, Zhu D, Gao S, Wu H, Zhu L, Zhu X. The development of a Glypican-3-specific binding peptide using in vivo and in vitro two-step phage display screening for the PET imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:5656-5665. [PMID: 32896851 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00943a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although numerous designs targeting GPC3 have been reported, the HCC diagnostic agents with specific tumor accumulation and low background, particularly in normal liver tissue, are still in need. Peptides have attracted considerable attention as an imaging probe due to their low immunogenicity, short in vivo circulation time, and acceptable production cost. Herein, a two-step phage display screening approach was performed against GPC3-high expression tumor xenografts in vivo, followed by human recombinant GPC3 protein in vitro. A GPC3-specific binding peptide, named TJ12P2, with the sequence of Ser-Asn-Asp-Arg-Pro-Pro-Asn-Ile-Leu-Gln-Lys-Arg (SNDRPPNILQKR) was identified. The apparent Kd value between TJ12P2 and the GPC3 protein was measured as 158.2 ± 26.25 nM. After 18F labeling, 18F-AlF-NOTA-TJ12P2 was found accumulated in the tumors by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in two HCC subcutaneous tumor models (HepG2 and SMMC-7721) with high GPC3 expression. Static PET imaging revealed that 18F-AlF-NOTA-TJ12P2 accumulation in the HepG2 and SMMC-7721 tumors reached 1.825 ± 0.296 %ID g-1 and 1.575 ± 0.520 %ID g-1, with tumor-to-muscle ratios of 4.14 ± 0.50 and 4.25 ± 0.25, respectively, at 30 min post-injection (p.i.). Much less accumulation (0.533 ± 0.078 %ID g-1) of the 18F-AlF-NOTA-TJ12P2 was found in the control PC3 tumors with low GPC3 expression. More importantly, no obvious normal liver uptake of TJ12P2 was observed in the abovementioned animal models. As a result, a novel peptide targeting GPC3, TJ12P2, with strong affinity and specificity was identified using a two-step phage display screening technique in the present study. The 18F-AlF-NOTA-TJ12P2 may be a promising PET imaging probe with translational potential for accurate HCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Qin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Yesen Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Sijuan Zou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Minglong Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Dongling Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Shi Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Departments of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
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Xu H, Tang Y, Zhao Y, Wang F, Gao X, Deng D, Gu Y. SPECT Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Detection by the GPC3 Receptor. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2082-2090. [PMID: 33797932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The glypican-3 (GPC3) receptor is a membrane protein that is highly expressed in tumor tissues but rarely expressed in the normal liver and can be used as a target for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we developed a GPC3-targeted 99mTc-labeled probe for SPECT imaging in HCC. 99mTc-HPG was rapidly radiosynthesized within 20 min with an excellent radiochemical purity (>98%), possessing good stability. Results from in vitro cell binding assays indicated that the binding specificity of 99mTc-HPG to GPC3-positive HepG2 cells was acceptable. For SPECT/CT imaging, the HepG2 tumors were clearly visualized with the highest tumor/muscle ratio (11.55 ± 0.54) at 1 h post-injection, and the tumor uptake of 99mTc-HPG reduced from 2.99 ± 0.15 to 1.17 ± 0.09% ID/g in the blocking study. Convenient preparation, excellent GPC3 specificity in HCC, rapid clearance from normal organs, and good biosafety profiles of 99mTc-HPG warrant further investigations for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yongjia Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dawei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yueqing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 211198, China
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Yi B, Wu T, Zhu N, Huang Y, Yang X, Yuan L, Wu Y, Liang X, Jiang X. The clinical significance of CTC enrichment by GPC3-IML and its genetic analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:74. [PMID: 33726759 PMCID: PMC7962223 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This research was to develop a special method for enriching Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by Glypican-3 immunoliposomes (GPC3-IML), and to analyze the correlation between the CTCs count and tumor malignancy, as well as to investigate the mutation characteristics of CTC-derived NGS. Results In this study characterization of physical parameters was performed with the preparation of GPC3-IML. CTCs in peripheral blood of HCC patients were further separated and identified. Immunofluorescence was used to identify CTCs for further counting. By this means, the correlation between CTCs count and clinicopathological features was analyzed, and the genetic mutation characteristics of NGS derived from CTCs were investigated and compared with that of tissue NGS. Results showed that compared with EpCAM and vimentin, GPC-3 had a stronger CTCs separation ability. There was a correlation between "positive" count of CTCs (≥ 5 PV-CTC per 7.5 ml blood) and BCLC stage (P = 0.055). The result of CTC-NGS was consistent with that of tissue-NGS in 60% cases, revealing that KMT2C was a common highly-frequent mutated gene. Conclusion The combination of immunomagnetic separation of CTCs and anti-tumor marker identification technology can be regarded as a new technology of CTCs detection in peripheral blood of patients with HCC. Trial registration EHBHKY2020-k-024. Registered 17 August 2020—Retrospectively registered![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yi
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Wu
- Jukang (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co. Ltd., 28, Xiangle Rd., Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Nan Zhu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department I of Biliary Tract, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225, Changhai Rd., Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yingjun Wu
- Department I of Biliary Tract, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225, Changhai Rd., Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaofei Liang
- Jukang (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co. Ltd., 28, Xiangle Rd., Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Jiang
- Department I of Biliary Tract, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 225, Changhai Rd., Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Liu X, Wang J, Hu W. Preparation and inhibition behavior of Fe3O4/MBT nanocomposite inhibitor for mild steel in NaCl solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.126088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Wen C, Cheng R, Gong T, Huang Y, Li D, Zhao X, Yu B, Su D, Song Z, Liang W. β-Cyclodextrin-cholic acid-hyaluronic acid polymer coated Fe 3O 4-graphene oxide nanohybrids as local chemo-photothermal synergistic agents for enhanced liver tumor therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 199:111510. [PMID: 33341438 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Synergistic photochemical therapy with high performance and weak side effects is of great importance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, therefore ingenious construct of nano-based therapy agents with accurate drug delivery and high photothermal conversion efficiency is of critical to the cancer therapy. Herein, an organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterial (MGO@CD-CA-HA) has been constructed successfully by coating the β-cyclodextrin-cholic acid-hyaluronic acid polymer (CD-CA-HA) onto the Fe3O4-graphene oxide (MGO). The MGO@CD-CA-HA revealed satisfactory multiple-targeted features including the cholic acid supplied hepatic-target, CD44-receptor target of hyaluronic acid and magnetic target of Fe3O4. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic antitumor drug camptothecin (CPT) was easily loaded by MGO@CD-CA-HA to form the MGO@CD-CA-HA/CPT nanocomposite, and the maximum theoretical adsorption capacity can reach 847.4 mg/g. Based on the facile photothermal response of MGO, the near-infrared radiation (808 nm) induced local hyperthermia was directly generated the apoptosis of tumor cells while triggered the release of CPT. Comparing with other kinds of cancer cells and normal hepatocyte cells, this PCT system provides a significant inhibitory effect for the liver cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, the synergistic photochemical therapy presented the strong antitumor effect (the tumor inhibition rate > 90 %) in vivo. Thus, this study provided a promising multiple-targeted nanocarrier for chemo-photothermal combination therapy of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Rina Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China; Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Yu Huang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xuhua Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Baofeng Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zhiling Song
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Wenting Liang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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