1
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Du T, Zhang P, Jiao Z, Zhou J, Ding Y. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Frustrated Lewis Pairs for the Activation and Transformation of CO 2. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400208. [PMID: 38607325 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Due to the serious ecological problems caused by the high CO2 content in the atmosphere, reducing atmospheric CO2 has attracted widespread attention from academia and governments. Among the many ways to mitigate CO2 concentration, the capture and comprehensive utilization of CO2 through chemical methods have obvious advantages, whose key is to develop suitable adsorbents and catalysts. Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) are known to bind CO2 through the interaction between unquenched Lewis acid sites/Lewis base sites with the O/C of CO2, simultaneously achieving CO2 capture and activation, which render FLP better potential for CO2 utilization. However, how to construct efficient FLP targeted for CO2 utilization and the mechanism of CO2 activation have not been systematically reported. This review firstly provides a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in the field of CO2 capture, activation, and transformation with the help of FLP, including the construction of homogeneous and heterogeneous FLPs, their interaction with CO2, reaction activity, and mechanism study. We also illustrated the challenges and opportunities faced in this field to shed light on the prospective research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Du
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, Peoples R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Dongnandaxue Rd, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, Peoples R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, Peoples R. China
| | - Zhen Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Dongnandaxue Rd, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, Peoples R. China
| | - Jiancheng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Dongnandaxue Rd, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, Peoples R. China
| | - Yuxiao Ding
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, Peoples R. China
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2
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Ziółkowska A, Prześniak-Welenc M, Kruczyński T, Gamer M, Ponikiewski Ł. From phosphanylphosphaalkenes to coordination copper and silver polymers containing P-P bonds. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9350-9357. [PMID: 38747694 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00987h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This study was focused on the activation of the CP bond via reactions of Ph2CP-PtBu2 (1) with 1,6-hexanediol and selected dithiols (1,4-butanedithiol, 1,4-benzenedithiol and 1,4-benzenedimethanethiol). These reactions proceed according to a 1,2-addition mechanism, providing new compounds with formulas {(Ph)2(H)C-P-PtBu2}{μ2-(O-(CH2)6-O)}{tBu2P-P-C(H)(Ph)2} (2), {(Ph)2(H)C-P-PtBu2}{μ2-(S-(CH2)4-S)}{tBu2P-P-C(H)(Ph)2} (3a), {(Ph)2(H)C-P-PtBu2}{μ2-(S-C6H4-S)}{tBu2P-P-C(H)(Ph)2} (3b), and {(Ph)2(H)C-P-PtBu2}{μ2-(S-CH2-C6H4-CH2-S)}{tBu2P-P-C(H)(Ph)2} (3c). Next, the reactions of 3a and 3c with metal chlorides led to the growth of desired coordination polymers of copper(I) and silver(I). All the obtained compounds remained stable under atmospheric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Ziółkowska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Marta Prześniak-Welenc
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kruczyński
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Kennesaw State University, 1000 Chastain Road, Kennesaw GA 30144, USA
| | - Michael Gamer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Łukasz Ponikiewski
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
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3
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Gorbachuk E, Grell T, Khayarov K, Buzyurova D, Ziganshin M, Mukhametzyanov T, Lapuk S, Hey-Hawkins E, Sinyashin O, Yakhvarov D. Molybdenum-Mediated Insertion of Ketones into the P-P bond of cyclo-(P 5 Ph 5 ) and Formation of Trinuclear Molybdenum Complexes. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300251. [PMID: 37525541 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of cyclopentaphosphine cyclo-(P5 Ph5 ) (1) with ketones (acetone and cyclooctanone) in the presence of [Mo(CO)4 (cod)] (cod=cycloocta-1,5-diene) led to air-stable trinuclear complexes in which the bis-phosphanido ligands (PPh-PPh-PPh-PPh-CMe2 O-PPh)2- (complex 2) and (PPh-PPh-PPh-PPh-C(CH2 )7 O-PPh)2- (complex 3) bridge a Mo(CO)3 -Mo(CO)3 unit. This extends the reaction of 1 with transition metal carbonyl complexes to further substrates and represents the first examples of insertion of carbonyl compounds into the P-P bond of cyclic oligophosphorus compounds. Complexes 2 and 3 have been characterized by 31 P NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the thermal properties of the obtained complexes have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fast scanning calorimetry (FSC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gorbachuk
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str., 8, 420088, Kazan, Russian Federation
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Toni Grell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Khasan Khayarov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Daina Buzyurova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str., 8, 420088, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Marat Ziganshin
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Timur Mukhametzyanov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Semen Lapuk
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Leipzig University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oleg Sinyashin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str., 8, 420088, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Yakhvarov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str., 8, 420088, Kazan, Russian Federation
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation
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4
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Jobbins WD, van IJzendoorn B, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Whitehead GFS, Mehta M. Reactivity of tetrel functionalized heptapnictogen clusters towards heteroallenes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2384-2391. [PMID: 36723201 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt04074c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite being known for decades, the solution-state molecular chemistry of heptapnictogen ([Pn7]3-; Pn = P, As) clusters is not well established. Here we study heavy element derivatives of tetrel functionalized heptapnictogen clusters towards heteroallene capture, specifically isocyanates, an isothiocyanate and CO2 are probed. Clusters (Me3Ge)3P7 (1), (Et3Ge)3P7 (2), (nBu3Sn)3P7 (3), and (Me3Si)3As7 (4) were all found to capture isocyanates between all three of their tetrel-pnictogen bonds. In the case of phenyl isocyanate insertion, tetrel coordination at the isocyanate nitrogen atoms is preferred, while in the case of p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate insertion, tetrel coordination at oxygen is preferred. Furthermore, the reaction of (Me3Si)3P7 with CO2 gave NMR spectra consistent with the capture of the greenhouse gas. Heteroallene insertion at these clusters was also studied using density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Jobbins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Bono van IJzendoorn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | | | - George F S Whitehead
- X-ray Diffraction Facility, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Meera Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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5
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Triphenylborane in Metal-Free Catalysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031340. [PMID: 36771006 PMCID: PMC9920172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and application of new organoboron reagents as Lewis acids in synthesis and metal-free catalysis have dramatically expanded over the past 20 years. In this context, we will show the recent uses of the simple and relatively weak Lewis acid BPh3-discovered 100 years ago-as a metal-free catalyst for various organic transformations. The first part will highlight catalytic applications in polymer synthesis such as the copolymerization of epoxides with CO2, isocyanate, and organic anhydrides to various polycarbonate copolymers and controlled diblock copolymers as well as alternating polyurethanes. This is followed by a discussion of BPh3 as a Lewis acid component in the frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) mediated cleavage of hydrogen and hydrogenation catalysis. In addition, BPh3-catalyzed reductive N-methylations and C-methylations with CO2 and silane to value-added organic products will be covered as well along with BPh3-catalyzed cycloadditions and insertion reactions. Collectively, this mini-review showcases the underexplored potential of commercially available BPh3 in metal-free catalysis.
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6
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Szynkiewicz N, Chojnacki J, Grubba R. Phosphinophosphoranes: Mixed-Valent Phosphorus Compounds with Ambiphilic Properties. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19925-19932. [PMID: 36453123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a simple synthesis of mixed-valent phosphinophosphoranes bearing three- and five-coordinate phosphorus centers. Compounds with phosphorus-phosphorus bonds were synthesized via a reaction of lithium phosphides RR'PLi with cat2PCl (cat = catecholate), whereas derivatives with methylene-linked phosphorus centers were obtained via a reaction of phosphanylmethanides RR'CH2Li with cat2PCl. The presence of accessible lone-pair electrons on the P-phosphanyl atom of phosphinophosphoranes during the reaction of the title compounds with H3B·SMe2, where phosphinophosphorane-borane adducts were formed quantitatively, was confirmed. Furthermore, the Lewis basic and Lewis acidic properties of the phosphinophosphoranes in reactions with phenyl isothiocyanate were tested. Depending on the structure of the starting phosphinophosphorane, phosphinophosphorylation of PhNCS or formation of a five-membered zwitterionic adduct was observed. The structures of the isolated compounds were unambiguously determined by heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Moreover, by applying density functional theory calculations, we compared the Lewis basicity and nucleophilicity of diversified trivalent P-centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szynkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Chojnacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Grubba
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233Gdańsk, Poland
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7
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Szynkiewicz N, Chojnacki J, Grubba R. Exploring the Reactivity of Unsymmetrical Diphosphanes toward Heterocumulenes: Access to Phosphanyl and Phosphoryl Derivatives of Amides, Imines, and Iminoamides. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9523-9532. [PMID: 35700273 PMCID: PMC9490836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We present a comprehensive
study on the diphosphanation of iso(thio)cyanates
by unsymmetrical diphosphanes. The reactions involving unsymmetrical
diphosphanes and phenyl isocyanate or phenyl thioisocyanate gave rise
to phosphanyl, phosphoryl, and thiophosphoryl derivatives of amides,
imines, and iminoamides. The structures of the diphosphanation products
were confirmed through NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal
X-ray diffraction. We showed that unsymmetrical diphosphanes could
be used as building blocks to synthesize phosphorus analogues of important
classes of organic molecules. The described transformations provided
a new methodology for the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds
bearing phosphanyl, phosphoryl, or thiophosphoryl functional groups.
Moreover, theoretical studies on diphosphanation reactions explained
the influence of the steric and electronic properties of the parent
diphosphanes on the structures of the diphosphanation products. We provided synthetic access to phosphanyl,
phosphoryl,
or thiophosphoryl derivatives of amides, imines, and iminoamides starting
from simple building blocks such as unsymmetrical diphosphanes and
heterocumulenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szynkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Chojnacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Grubba
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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8
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Edgar M, Elsegood MRJ, Liu P, Miles CR, Smith MB, Wu S. Dinuclear Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes of a Readily Accessible Bicyclic Diphosphane. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Edgar
- Loughborough University Dept of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Pingchuan Liu
- Loughborough University Dept. of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Martin B. Smith
- Loughborough University Dept. of Chemistry Epinal Way LE11 3TU Leicestershire UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Shimeng Wu
- Loughborough University Dept. of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
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9
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Li Y, Zhuang D, Qiu R, Zhu J. Aromaticity-promoted CS 2 activation by heterocycle-bridged P/N-FLPs: a comparative DFT study with CO 2 capture. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2521-2526. [PMID: 35023524 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05319a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture has attracted considerable attention from both experimental and theoretical chemists. In comparison, carbon disulfide (CS2) activation is less developed. Here, we carry out a thorough comparative density functional theory study to examine the reaction mechanisms of CS2 activation by five-membered heterocycle-bridged P/N frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). Calculations suggest that despite a weaker carbon-sulfur bond, all the CS2 activations have higher reaction barriers than the CO2 capture, which could be attributed to electrostatic repulsion between FLPs and CS2 caused by the reversed polarity of CS in CS2 rather than the electrostatic attraction in CO2 capture. In addition, aromaticity is found to play an important role in CS2 capture as it stabilizes both the transition states and products in heterocycle-bridged FLPs. All these findings could be useful for experimentalists to realize small molecule activations by FLPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Danling Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Rulin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
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10
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Branfoot C, Pringle PG, Pridmore NE, Young T, Wass D. Heterometathesis of diphosphanes (R 2P–PR 2) with dichalcogenides (R'E–ER', E = O, S, Se, Te). Dalton Trans 2022; 51:8906-8913. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01093c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of R2P–PR2 with R'E–ER', (where E = Se, S, O, Te) to give R2P–ER' have been explored experimentally and computationally. The reaction of Ph2P–PPh2 with PhSe–SePh gives Ph2P–SePh...
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11
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Bresien J, Schulz A, Szych LS, Villinger A, Wustrack R. Insertion of CS 2 into a Phosphorus-Arsenic Single Bond and Investigations on Phosphane Arsanyldithiocarboxylates. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11591-11598. [PMID: 34242508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and reactivity of sterically demanding phosphaarsanes TerR1P-AsR2 (3) is described. These species were selectively synthesized via metathesis reactions of Ter-stabilized [Ter = 2,6-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)phenyl] potassium phosphides TerR1PK (1) with the N-heterocyclic chloroarsane ClAs{N(tBu)CH2}2 (2). Conversion of the n-butyl-substituted phosphaarsane 3c with the reactive heterocumulene CS2 leads to an insertion into the P-As bond, yielding the phosphane arsanyldithiocarboxylate TerR1P-C(S)S-AsR2 (4c) as a new structural motif. Because full conversion of 3c with CS2 requires long reaction times, an alternative synthetic route is reported herein, involving the conversion of 2 with phosphane dithiocarboxylates TerR1-C(S)SK (5), enabling synthetic access to a wider range of phosphane arsanyldithiocarboxylates. These interpnictogen dithiocarboxylates show an interesting bonding situation with a significantly elongated As-S bond due to negative hyperconjugation within the molecule. All products along the reaction path were fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse eV, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Lilian Sophie Szych
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ronald Wustrack
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
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12
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Branfoot C, Young TA, Wass DF, Pringle PG. Radical-initiated P,P-metathesis reactions of diphosphanes: evidence from experimental and computational studies. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:7094-7104. [PMID: 33950053 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01013a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
By combining the diphosphanes Ar2P-PAr2, where Ar = C6H5, 4-C6H4Me, 4-C6H4OMe, 3,5-C6H3(CF3)2, it has been shown that P,P-metathesis generally occurs rapidly under ambient conditions. DFT calculations have shown that the stability of unsymmetrical diphosphanes Z2P-PZ'2 is a function of the difference between the Z and Z' substituents in terms of size and electronegativity. Of the mechanisms that were calculated for the P,P-metathesis, the most likely was considered to be one involving Ar2P˙ radicals. The observations that photolysis increases the rate of the P,P-metatheses and TEMPO inhibits it, are consistent with a radical chain process. The P,P-metathesis reactions that involve (o-Tol)2P-P(o-Tol)2 are anomalously slow and, in the absence of photolysis, were only observed to take place in CHCl3 and CH2Cl2. The role of the chlorinated solvent is ascribed to the formation of Ar2PCl which catalyses the P,P-metathesis. The slow kinetics observed with (o-Tol)2P-P(o-Tol)2 is tentatively attributed to the o-CH3 groups quenching the (o-Tol)2P˙ radicals or inhibiting the metathesis reaction sterically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Branfoot
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Tom A Young
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Duncan F Wass
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Paul G Pringle
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
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13
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Moskalev MV, Skatova AA, Razborov DA, Bazanov AA, Bazyakina NL, Sokolov VG, Fedushkin IL. Magnesium and Calcium Complexes of Ar
BIG
‐bian and Their Reactivity towards CO
2
(Ar
BIG
‐bian=1,2‐bis[(2,6‐dibenzhydryl‐4‐methylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene). Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Moskalev
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Tropinina Str. 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra A. Skatova
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Tropinina Str. 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Danila A. Razborov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Tropinina Str. 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A. Bazanov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Tropinina Str. 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Natalia L. Bazyakina
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Tropinina Str. 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir G. Sokolov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Tropinina Str. 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Igor L. Fedushkin
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Tropinina Str. 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
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14
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Szynkiewicz N, Ordyszewska A, Chojnacki J, Grubba R. Diphosphinoboranes as Intramolecular Frustrated Lewis Pairs: P-B-P Bond Systems for the Activation of Dihydrogen, Carbon Dioxide, and Phenyl Isocyanate. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3794-3806. [PMID: 33657801 PMCID: PMC8041279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the first example of the activation of small molecules by P-B-P bond systems. The reactivity study involves reactions of two selected diphosphinoboranes, (t-Bu2P)2BPh (1') and (Cy2P)2BNiPr2 (2), that differ in terms of their structural and electronic properties for the activation of dihydrogen, carbon dioxide, and phenyl isocyanate. Diphosphinoborane 1' activates H2 under very mild conditions in the absence of a catalyst with the formation of the dimer (t-Bu2PB(Ph)H)2 and t-Bu2PH. Conversely, diphosphinoborane 2 did not react with H2 under the same conditions. The reaction of 1' with CO2 led to the formation of a compound with an unusual structure, where two phosphinoformate units were coordinated to the PhBOBPh moiety. In addition, 2 reacted with CO2 to insert two CO2 molecules into the P-B bonds of the parent diphosphinoborane. Both diphosphinoboranes activated PhNCO, yielding products resulting from the addition of two and/or three PhNCO molecules and the formation of new P-C, B-O, B-N, and C-N bonds. The products of the activation of small molecules by diphosphinoboranes were characterized with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis. Additionally, the reaction mechanisms of the activation of small molecules by diphosphinoboranes were elucidated by theoretical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szynkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of
Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Ordyszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of
Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Chojnacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of
Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Grubba
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of
Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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15
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Reactivity of bulky aminophosphanes towards small molecules: Activation of dihydrogen and carbon dioxide by aminophosphane/borane frustrated Lewis pairs. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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16
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Bresien J, Pilopp Y, Schulz A, Szych LS, Villinger A, Wustrack R. Synthesis of Sterically Demanding Secondary Phosphides and Diphosphanes and Their Utilization in Small-Molecule Activation. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13561-13571. [PMID: 32870656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sterically demanding secondary potassium phosphides (4) were synthesized and investigated. Reaction with halophosphanes (5) yields diphosphanes (6), whereas reaction with CS2 yields phosphanyl dithioformates (10). These can be further converted to the corresponding phosphanyl esters of dithioformic acid R2P-C(S)S-PR2 (8). One of these thioesters (8) was found to undergo a migration reaction, resulting in the formation of a phosphanylthioketone with an additional phosphanylthiolate group (9), which was used as a chiral ligand in gold coordination chemistry. The phosphanyl migration reaction was investigated by spectroscopic and theoretical methods, revealing a first-order reaction via a cyclic transition state. All species mentioned were fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Yannic Pilopp
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse eV an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Lilian Sophie Szych
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ronald Wustrack
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
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17
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Szynkiewicz N, Chojnacki J, Grubba R. Activation of N 2O and SO 2 by the P-B Bond System. Reversible Binding of SO 2 by the P-O-B Geminal Frustrated Lewis Pair. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6332-6337. [PMID: 32286811 PMCID: PMC7588030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present the first transformation of borylphosphine into borylphosphinite using nitrous oxide. Borylphosphine reacts with N2O via insertion of a single oxygen atom into the P-B bond and formation of a P-O-B bond system. Borylphosphine and borylphosphinite capture SO2 and activate it in an irreversible and reversible manner, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szynkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty
of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of
Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Strasse, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Chojnacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty
of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of
Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Strasse, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Grubba
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty
of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of
Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Strasse, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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18
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Aders N, Keweloh L, Pleschka D, Hepp A, Layh M, Rogel F, Uhl W. P–H Functionalized Al/P-Based Frustrated Lewis Pairs in Dipolar Activation and Hydrophosphination: Reactions with CO2 and SO2. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Aders
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lukas Keweloh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Damian Pleschka
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marcus Layh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Friedhelm Rogel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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19
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Szynkiewicz N, Ordyszewska A, Chojnacki J, Grubba R. Diaminophosphinoboranes: effective reagents for phosphinoboration of CO2. RSC Adv 2019; 9:27749-27753. [PMID: 35530491 PMCID: PMC9070769 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06638a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The monomeric diaminophosphinoboranes readily react with CO2 under mild conditions to cleanly form products of the general formula in the absence of a catalyst. The isolated products from the CO2-phosphinoboration were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The mechanism of CO2 phosphinoboration with diaminophosphinoboranes was elucidated by DFT calculations. We present the activation of CO2 by aminophosphinoboranes along with the mechanism of CO2 phosphinoboration.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szynkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdańsk University of Technology
- Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Anna Ordyszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdańsk University of Technology
- Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Jarosław Chojnacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdańsk University of Technology
- Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Rafał Grubba
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdańsk University of Technology
- Gdansk
- Poland
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