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Liu H, Wen Z, Liu Z, Yang Y, Wang H, Xia X, Ye J, Liu Y. Unlocking the potential of amorphous calcium carbonate: A star ascending in the realm of biomedical application. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:602-622. [PMID: 38322345 PMCID: PMC10840486 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium-based biomaterials have been intensively studied in the field of drug delivery owing to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Calcium-based materials can also deliver contrast agents, which can enhance real-time imaging and exert a Ca2+-interfering therapeutic effect. Based on these characteristics, amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), as a brunch of calcium-based biomaterials, has the potential to become a widely used biomaterial. Highly functional ACC can be either discovered in natural organisms or obtained by chemical synthesis However, the standalone presence of ACC is unstable in vivo. Additives are required to be used as stabilizers or core-shell structures formed by permeable layers or lipids with modified molecules constructed to maintain the stability of ACC until the ACC carrier reaches its destination. ACC has high chemical instability and can produce biocompatible products when exposed to an acidic condition in vivo, such as Ca2+ with an immune-regulating ability and CO2 with an imaging-enhancing ability. Owing to these characteristics, ACC has been studied for self-sacrificing templates of carrier construction, targeted delivery of oncology drugs, immunomodulation, tumor imaging, tissue engineering, and calcium supplementation. Emphasis in this paper has been placed on the origin, structural features, and multiple applications of ACC. Meanwhile, ACC faces many challenges in clinical translation, and long-term basic research is required to overcome these challenges. We hope that this study will contribute to future innovative research on ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhiyang Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xuejun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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2
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Jiang Y, Chen X, Yang J, Chang LY, Chan TS, Liu H, Zhu X, Su J, Zhang H, Fan Y, Liu L. The synergetic effect of a gold nanocluster-calcium phosphate composite: enhanced photoluminescence intensity and superior bioactivity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:29034-29042. [PMID: 36427044 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04222c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are a unique class of materials that exhibit visible luminescence. Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is a widely used biomaterial for a variety of purposes, such as drug delivery, bone cementing, and implant coatings. In this study, a nanocomposite of AuNCs and ACP is prepared by biomimetic mineralization in a Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). The strong interaction between AuNCs and Ca2+ ions effectively induces aggregation of AuNCs. The as-formed nanocomposite, AuNCs@ACP, emits significantly enhanced luminescence compared to AuNCs alone. The luminescence enhancement mechanism is investigated using synchrotron X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. In addition, the presence of AuNCs stabilizes ACP and also enhances the biocompatibility of ACP in promoting cell proliferation, and the nanocomposites are promising as nanoprobes for cancer therapy and/or bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiang
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China. .,Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Jingzhi Yang
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Lo-Yueh Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Han Liu
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Jiacan Su
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Organoid Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Lijia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A5B7, Canada.
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3
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Rashid MH, Borca CN, Xto JM, Huthwelker T. X-Ray absorption spectroscopy on airborne aerosols. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: ATMOSPHERES 2022; 2:1338-1350. [PMID: 36561554 PMCID: PMC9648630 DOI: 10.1039/d2ea00016d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate a method for performing X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) on airborne aerosols. XAS provides unique insight into elemental composition, chemical and phase state, local coordination and electronic structure of both crystalline and amorphous matter. The aerosol is generated from different salt solutions using a commercial atomizer and dried using a diffusion drier. Embedded in a carrier gas, the aerosol is guided into the experimental chamber for XAS analysis. Typical particle sizes range from some 10 to a few 100 nm. Inside the chamber the aerosol bearing gas is then confined into a region of about 1-2 cm3 in size, by a pure flow of helium, generating a stable free-flowing stream of aerosol. It is hit by a monochromatic X-ray beam, and the emitted fluorescent light is used for spectroscopic analysis. Using an aerosol generated from CaCl2, KCl, and (NH4)2SO4 salt solutions, we demonstrate the functionality of the system in studying environmentally relevant systems. In addition, we show that the detection limits are sufficient to also observe subtle spectroscopic signatures in XAS spectra with integration times of about 1-2 hours using a bright undulator beamline. This novel setup opens new research opportunities for studying the nucleation of new phases in multicomponent aerosol systems in situ, and for investigating (photo-) chemical reactions on airborne matter, as relevant to both atmospheric science and also for general chemical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad H. Rashid
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, Laboratory for FemtochemistryForschungsstrasse 111Villigen PSISwitzerland
| | - Camelia N. Borca
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, Laboratory for FemtochemistryForschungsstrasse 111Villigen PSISwitzerland
| | - Jacinta M. Xto
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, Laboratory for FemtochemistryForschungsstrasse 111Villigen PSISwitzerland
| | - Thomas Huthwelker
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, Laboratory for FemtochemistryForschungsstrasse 111Villigen PSISwitzerland
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4
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Shiu WT, Chang LY, Jiang Y, Shakouri M, Wu YH, Lin BH, Liu L. Synthesis and characterization of a near-infrared persistent luminescent Cr-doped zinc gallate-calcium phosphate composite. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21131-21140. [PMID: 36039710 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03431j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR)-emitting persistent luminescence (PersL) nanoparticles have attracted great attention as a novel optical probe for bioimaging and biosensing applications. These nanoparticles emit long-lasting luminescence after the removal of the excitation source, which effectively eliminates the interference from tissue autofluorescence. Cr-doped zinc gallate (ZnGa2O4:Cr3+, CZGO) is a representative NIR-emitting PersL material. On the other hand, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is a widely used drug carrier due to its high biocompatibility. In this work, we present a design of an ACP-based drug carrier with PersL properties, by forming a CZGO-ACP composite. The PersL properties of CZGO were preserved by composite formation, while it is found that the Zn2+ could migrate from CZGO to ACP during composite formation, leading to different luminescence mechanisms between pure CZGO and the CZGO-ACP composite. The electronic structure of the composite was analyzed by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and a structure-luminescence correlation was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Tung Shiu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.
| | - Lo-Yueh Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Mohsen Shakouri
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Yu-Hao Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Hsuan Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Lijia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.
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5
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Niu YQ, Liu JH, Aymonier C, Fermani S, Kralj D, Falini G, Zhou CH. Calcium carbonate: controlled synthesis, surface functionalization, and nanostructured materials. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7883-7943. [PMID: 35993776 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00519g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is an important inorganic mineral in biological and geological systems. Traditionally, it is widely used in plastics, papermaking, ink, building materials, textiles, cosmetics, and food. Over the last decade, there has been rapid development in the controlled synthesis and surface modification of CaCO3, the stabilization of amorphous CaCO3 (ACC), and CaCO3-based nanostructured materials. In this review, the controlled synthesis of CaCO3 is first examined, including Ca2+-CO32- systems, solid-liquid-gas carbonation, water-in-oil reverse emulsions, and biomineralization. Advancing insights into the nucleation and crystallization of CaCO3 have led to the development of efficient routes towards the controlled synthesis of CaCO3 with specific sizes, morphologies, and polymorphs. Recently-developed surface modification methods of CaCO3 include organic and inorganic modifications, as well as intensified surface reactions. The resultant CaCO3 can then be further engineered via template-induced biomineralization and layer-by-layer assembly into porous, hollow, or core-shell organic-inorganic nanocomposites. The introduction of CaCO3 into nanostructured materials has led to a significant improvement in the mechanical, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties of such materials, with the resultant CaCO3-based nanostructured materials showing great potential for use in biomaterials and biomedicine, environmental remediation, and energy production and storage. The influences that the preparation conditions and additives have on ACC preparation and stabilization are also discussed. Studies indicate that ACC can be used to construct environmentally-friendly hybrid films, supramolecular hydrogels, and drug vehicles. Finally, the existing challenges and future directions of the controlled synthesis and functionalization of CaCO3 and its expanding applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Niu
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China. .,Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals, You Hua, Qing Yang, Chi Zhou 242804, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China. .,Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals, You Hua, Qing Yang, Chi Zhou 242804, China
| | - Cyril Aymonier
- Univ Bordeaux, ICMCB, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5026, CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Simona Fermani
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. .,Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research Health Sciences & Technologies, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Damir Kralj
- Laboratory for Precipitation Processes, Ruđer Bošković Institute, P. O. Box 1016, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Giuseppe Falini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Chun-Hui Zhou
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China. .,Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals, You Hua, Qing Yang, Chi Zhou 242804, China
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6
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Bakunin VN, Aleksanyan DR, Bakunina YN. Calcium Carbonate Polymorphs in Overbased Oil Additives and Greases. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427222040012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Ezzeddine D, Sultan R. Bands, spherulites and 3D zonation in the carbonation of a slaked lime gel matrix. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Probst J, Borca CN, Newton MA, van Bokhoven J, Huthwelker T, Stavrakis S, deMello A. In Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Droplet-Based Microfluidics: An Analysis of Calcium Carbonate Precipitation. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2021; 1:27-34. [PMID: 36785734 PMCID: PMC9836070 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.1c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidic systems are ideally suited for the investigation of nucleation and crystallization processes. To best leverage the features of such platforms (including exquisite time resolution and high-throughput operation), sensitive and in situ detection schemes are needed to extract real-time chemical information about all species of interest. In this regard, the extension of conventional (UV, visible, and infrared) optical detection schemes to the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum is of high current interest, as techniques such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provide for the element-specific investigation of the local chemical environment. Accordingly, herein, we report for the first time the integration of millisecond droplet-based microfluidics with XAS. Such a platform allows for the sensitive acquisition of X-ray absorption data from picoliter-volume droplets moving at high linear velocities. Significantly, the high-temporal resolution of the droplet-based microfluidic platform enables unprecedented access to the early stages of the reaction. Using such an approach, we demonstrate in situ monitoring of calcium carbonate precipitation by extracting XAS spectra at the early time points of the reaction with a dead time as low as 10 ms. We obtain insights into the kinetics of the formation of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) as a first species during the crystallization process by monitoring the proportion of calcium ions converted into ACC. Within the confined and homogeneous environment of picoliter-volume droplets, the ACC content reaches 60% over the first 130 ms. More generally, the presented method offers new opportunities for the real-time monitoring of fast chemical and biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Probst
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Mark A. Newton
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen van Bokhoven
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul
Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Stavros Stavrakis
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew deMello
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Shaked H, Polishchuk I, Nagel A, Bekenstein Y, Pokroy B. Long-term stabilized amorphous calcium carbonate-an ink for bio-inspired 3D printing. Mater Today Bio 2021; 11:100120. [PMID: 34337378 PMCID: PMC8318986 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biominerals formed by organisms in the course of biomineralization often demonstrate complex morphologies despite their single-crystalline nature. This is achieved owing to the crystallization via a predeposited amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) phase, a precursor that is particularly widespread in biominerals. Inspired by this natural strategy, we used robocasting, an additive manufacturing three-dimensional (3D) printing technique, for printing 3D objects from novel long-term, Mg-stabilized ACC pastes with high solids loading. We demonstrated, for the first time, that the ACC remains stable for at least a couple of months, even after printing. Crystallization, if desired, occurs only after the 3D object is already formed and at temperatures significantly lower than those of common postprinting sintering. We also examined the effects different organic binders have on the crystallization, the morphology, and the final amount of incorporated Mg. This novel bio-inspired method may pave the way for a new bio-inspired route to low-temperature 3D printing of ceramic materials for a multitude of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Shaked
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - I. Polishchuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - A. Nagel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Y. Bekenstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - B. Pokroy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
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10
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Paul D, Sachan D, De S, Das G. Modulation of the CaCO 3 phase and morphology by tuning the sequence of addition: an insight into the formation of monohydrocalcite. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03707b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Detailed study on the formation of monohydrocalcite as well as the modulation of the CaCO3 phase and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debojit Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Deepa Sachan
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Subhadeep De
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Gopal Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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11
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Xto J, Wetter R, Borca CN, Frieh C, van Bokhoven JA, Huthwelker T. Droplet-based in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy cell for studying crystallization processes at the tender X-ray energy range. RSC Adv 2019; 9:34004-34010. [PMID: 35528920 PMCID: PMC9073857 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of nucleation and crystallization is fundamental in science and technology. In solution, these processes are complex involving multiple transformations from ions and ion pairs through amorphous intermediates to multiple crystalline phases. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), which is sensitive to liquid, amorphous and crystalline phases offers prospects of demystifying these processes. However, for low Z elements the use of in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy requires the tender X-ray range, which is often limited by vacuum requirements thereby complicating these measurements. To overcome these challenges, we developed a versatile and user-friendly droplet-based in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy cell for studying crystallization processes. Time-resolved in situ experiments under ambient conditions are carried out in the cell whilst the cell is mounted in the vacuum chamber of a tender X-ray beamline. By following changes in the Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), we captured in situ the intermediate phases involved during calcium carbonate crystallization from aqueous solutions. In addition, through linear combination fitting it was possible to qualitatively observe the evolution of each phase during the reaction demonstrating the potential of the cell in studying complex multiphase chemical processes. We introduce a new in situ cell for time-resolved reactions involving aerosols/droplets using tender X-ray absorption spectroscopy and related methods.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta Xto
- Paul Scherrer Institut
- 5232 Villigen
- Switzerland
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering
- ETH Zürich
| | - Reto Wetter
- Paul Scherrer Institut
- 5232 Villigen
- Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
- Paul Scherrer Institut
- 5232 Villigen
- Switzerland
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering
- ETH Zürich
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