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Wang Y, Coppel Y, Lepetit C, Marty JD, Mingotaud C, Kahn ML. Anisotropic growth of ZnO nanoparticles driven by the structure of amine surfactants: the role of surface dynamics in nanocrystal growth. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:6088-6099. [PMID: 36133935 PMCID: PMC9418458 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00566a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we elucidate the key role of amine surfactants in the controlled anisotropic growth of ZnO nanoparticles that is achieved under mild conditions by organometallic hydrolysis. The structuring influence of alkyl substituents on the nitrogen atom of amines is jointly analyzed theoretically by DFT modeling, and experimentally by multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C and 17O) spectroscopy. We demonstrate that in initial steps leading to the growth of colloidal ZnO particles, the nature of molecular species that are involved in the solution strongly depends on the structure of the amine surfactant. By using tertiary, secondary or primary amines, no or weak adducts between the amine and zinc, or stable adducts, or adduct oligomers were identified, respectively. Afterwards, following the course of the reaction, the dynamic behavior of the amines on the grown ZnO nanocrystal surfaces is also strongly correlated with their structure. We identified that in the presence of tertiary, secondary or primary amines, no significant [Zn⋯N] adsorption, or surface adsorption with notable surface mobility, or a very strong adsorption is achieved, respectively. The last case, primary amines, significantly involves the structuring of a hydrogen bonding network. Therefore, such surface dynamic behavior has a predominant role in driving the nanocrystal growth, and orienting the ZnO material final morphology. By forming hydrogen bonds at the nanoparticle surface during the growth process, primary amines specifically lead to the formation of nanorods. Conversely, isotropic nanoparticles and aggregates are obtained when secondary and tertiary amines are used, respectively. These findings shed light on the role of weak surface interactions, herein H-bonding, that rule the growth of nano-objects and are as such crucial to identify, study, and control for achieving progress in nanoscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Wang
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, UPR-8241 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - Yannick Coppel
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, UPR-8241 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
| | - Christine Lepetit
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, UPR-8241 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
| | - Jean-Daniel Marty
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - Christophe Mingotaud
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - Myrtil L Kahn
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, UPR-8241 205 route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
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Paredes IJ, Beck C, Lee S, Chen S, Khwaja M, Scimeca MR, Li S, Hwang S, Lian Z, McPeak KM, Shi SF, Sahu A. Synthesis of luminescent core/shell α-Zn 3P 2/ZnS quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:20952-20964. [PMID: 33090173 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06665f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal chalcogenide nanoparticles offer vast control over their optoelectronic properties via size, shape, composition, and morphology which has led to their use across fields including optoelectronics, energy storage, and catalysis. While cadmium and lead-based nanocrystals are prevalent in applications, concerns over their toxicity have motivated researchers to explore alternate classes of nanomaterials based on environmentally benign metals such as zinc and tin. The goal of this research is to identify material systems that offer comparable performance to existing metal chalcogenide systems from abundant, recyclable, and environmentally benign materials. With band gaps that span the visible through the infrared, II-V direct band gap semiconductors such as tetragonal zinc phosphide (α-Zn3P2) are promising candidates for optoelectronics. To date, syntheses of α-Zn3P2 nanoparticles have been hindered because of the toxicity of zinc and phosphorus precursors, surface oxidation, and defect states leading to carrier trapping and low photoluminescence quantum yield. This work reports a colloidal synthesis of quantum confined α-Zn3P2 nanoparticles from common phosphorus precursor tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine and environmentally benign zinc carboxylates. Shelling of the nanoparticles with zinc sulfide is shown as a method of preventing oxidation and improving the optical properties of the nanoparticles. These results show a route to stabilizing α-Zn3P2 nanoparticles for optoelectronic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid J Paredes
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Clara Beck
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Scott Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Shuzhen Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Mersal Khwaja
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Michael R Scimeca
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
| | - Shuang Li
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Sooyeon Hwang
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Zhen Lian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Kevin M McPeak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Su-Fei Shi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Ayaskanta Sahu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
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Lee K, Huang Y, Corrigan JF. Synthesis and Reaction Chemistry of Zinc‐Diarylphosphido Clusters with Phosphorus Precursors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungseop Lee
- Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario N6A 5B7 London ON Canada
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario N6A 5B7 London ON Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research The University of Western Ontario N6A 3K7 London ON Canada
| | - John F. Corrigan
- Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario N6A 5B7 London ON Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research The University of Western Ontario N6A 3K7 London ON Canada
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