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Yang Y, Zeng Q, Zhou W, Jiang J, Zhang Z, Guo S, Liu Y. Two New Red/Near-Infrared Ir(Ⅲ) Complexes with Reversible and Force-Induced Enhanced Mechanoluminescence. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4702. [PMID: 37445016 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Two novel ionic red/near-infrared Ir(III) complexes (Ir1 and Ir2) were reasonably designed and prepared using 2-(1-isoquinolinyl)-9,10-anthraquinone as the main ligand and 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl and 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridyl as the auxiliary ligands, respectively. Both complexes showed bright phosphorescence in solution (peak at 618 nm with a shoulder at 670 nm). Interestingly, the phosphorescence peak of two Ir(III) complexes showed a blue-shift of about 36 nm after being ground. Simultaneously, both complexes exhibited mechanical force-induced enhanced emission, and the intensity of the luminescence for Ir1 and Ir2 increased by around two times compared to the one before being ground, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculation were utilized to understand well the mechanism of this phenomenon and suggested that the destruction of the well-ordered crystalline nature and the decline in triplet-triplet annihilation maybe responsible for the pressure-induced blue-shift and the enhancement of the phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Qin Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Weiqiao Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Junjie Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Song Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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2
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Ju P, Huang Q, Zhang R, Chen JL, Zhao F, Liu SJ, Wen HR. A tricolor-switchable stimuli-responsive luminescent binuclear Cu( i) complex with switchable NH⋯O interactions. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00359g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Blue-green-yellow tricolor luminescence conversion is attributed to the loss and recovery of CH2Cl2 solvent molecules and the destruction and restoration of the orderly packing array caused by the breaking and rebuilding of NH⋯O hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ju
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| | - Qin Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Lin Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Sui-Jun Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
| | - He-Rui Wen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P.R. China
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Yu P, Peng D, He LH, Chen JL, Wang JY, Liu SJ, Wen HR. A Mechanochromic and Vapochromic Luminescent Cuprous Complex Based on a Switchable Intramolecular π···π Interaction. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:254-264. [PMID: 34951312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An in-depth study on a stimuli-responsive tetranuclear cuprous luminescent complex is reported and gives new insights into the origin and possible use of the observed stimuli-responsive luminescence. Its crystalline polymorphs with two different shapes are obtained by using different crystallization solvents and show distinct emissions, with one being blue emissive and the other being yellow emissive. Upon grinding, only the blue-emitting polymorph has a marked change in the emission color from blue to yellow, and its ground sample exhibits a yellow emission similar to that of the yellow-emitting polymorph. Interestingly, the yellow-emitting polymorph after exposure to acetone vapor can emit a blue emission and display luminescence mechanochromism similar to that of the blue-emitting polymorph. Single-crystal structural analyses of the two different polymorphs reveal the relationship between the mechanochromic luminescence and the geometrical configuration of the {Cu(μ-dppm)2Cu} unit and intramolecular "pyridyl/phenyl" π···π interactions, supported as well by their PXRD, FT-IR, TGA, and PL studies in various states and by TD-DFT analyses. The results demonstrate the different roles of switchable intramolecular π···π interactions and the geometrical configuration of the {Cu(μ-dppm)2Cu} unit in this stimuli-responsive luminescence and potential applications of such stimuli-responsive luminescence in optical sensing and anticounterfeiting encryption technologies and deepen the understanding of such stimuli-responsive luminescence originating from switchable intramolecular π···π interactions. In addition, it is clearly suggested that the rational utilization of switchable intramolecular π···π interactions is a feasible route for developing stimuli-responsive intelligent luminescent materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Peng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Lin Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Sui-Jun Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Rui Wen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Department of Materials, Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
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Perruchas S. Molecular copper iodide clusters: a distinguishing family of mechanochromic luminescent compounds. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:12031-12044. [PMID: 34378598 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01827b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mechanochromic luminescent materials displaying switchable luminescence properties in response to external mechanical force are currently attracting wide interest because of their multiple potential applications. In the growing number of mechanochromic luminescent compounds, mechanochromic complexes based on copper present appealing features with a large variety of mechanochromic properties and economical advantages over other metals. Among Cu-based compounds, molecular copper iodide clusters of cubane geometry with formula [Cu4I4L4] (L = organic ligand) stand out. Indeed, they can exhibit multiple luminescent stimuli-responsive properties, being particularly suitable for the development of multifunctional photoactive systems. This perspective describes the survey of these mechanochromic luminescent cubane copper iodide clusters. Based on our investigations, their mechanochromic luminescence properties are presented along with the study of the underlying mechanism. Establishment of structure-property relationships supported by various characterization techniques and associated with theoretical investigations permits gaining insights into the mechanism at play. Studies of other researcher groups are also described and illustrate the interest shown by these mechanochromic compounds. Mechanically responsive films are reported, demonstrating their potential use in a range of applications of such copper-based stimuli-responsive materials. Current challenges faced by the development of technological applications are finally outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Perruchas
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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Li G, Yang T, Shao K, Gao Y, Shan G, Su Z, Wang X, Zhu D. Understanding Mechanochromic Luminescence on Account of Molecular Level Based on Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complex Isomers. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3741-3748. [PMID: 33641331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mechanochromic luminescent (MCL) materials are promising in pressure sensors, security papers, photoelectric devices and optical data recording. Although some kinds of MCL-active iridium(III) complexes with various soft substituent functional ligands (e.g., dendritic carbazole, flexible chains, and Schiff base ligands) were reported, the MCL mechanism is still not clear and mainly ascribes to the physical phase transformations from crystalline state to amorphous state in response to force stimulus at present stage, and deserves further study in order to obtain more intelligent MCL materials. Herein, two new iridium(III) complex isomers are tactfully constructed and show distinctly opposite MCL properties in spite of the same physical phase transformations happening on them. The absolutely out of the ordinary MCL mechanism has been presented on account of molecular level for the first time via the comparative study of photophysical properties based on isomers 1 and 2 with the help of crystal structure analysis, room/low temperature emission spectra, NMR, PXRD, and TD-DFT calculations. All of these results suggest that the emitting state dominated by the triplet charge transfer excited state (3CT) plays a key role in achieving mechanochromic luminescence in iridium(III) complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Li
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuizhan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Biomass Functional Materials Studies, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun Jilin Province 130052, People's Republic of China
| | - Guogang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, People's Republic of China
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Synthesis, characterization of mechanochromic luminescent-active mono-/dinuclear iridium(III) complexes with near-infrared emission. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Li Y, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Ye Y, Zhang R, Gu X, Liu R, Zhu H. AIPE-active Ir(Ⅲ) complexes with reversible piezochromic behavior and its application for data security protection. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Shimajiri T, Suzuki T, Ishigaki Y. Flexible C−C Bonds: Reversible Expansion, Contraction, Formation, and Scission of Extremely Elongated Single Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Shimajiri
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishigaki
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
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Shimajiri T, Suzuki T, Ishigaki Y. Flexible C-C Bonds: Reversible Expansion, Contraction, Formation, and Scission of Extremely Elongated Single Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22252-22257. [PMID: 32830906 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Since carbon-carbon (C-C) covalent bonds are rigid and robust, the bond length is, in general, nearly constant and depends only on the bond order and hybrid orbitals. We report herein direct visualization of the reversible expansion and contraction of a C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) single bond by light and heat. This flexibility of a C-C bond was demonstrated by X-ray analysis and Raman spectroscopy of hexaphenylethane (HPE)-type hydrocarbons with two spiro-dibenzocycloheptatriene units, the intramolecular [2+2] photocyclization of which and thermal cleavage of the resulting cyclobutane ring both occur in a single-crystalline phase. The force constant of the contracted C-C bond is 1.6 times greater than that of the expanded bond. Since formation of the cyclobutane ring and contraction of the C-C bond lower the HOMO level by approximately 1 eV, the oxidative properties of these HPEs with a flexible C-C bond can be deactivated/activated by light/heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Shimajiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishigaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
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Xu Y, Li Y, Meng Y, Li H. Mechanofluorochromic carbon dots under grinding stimulation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:16433-16437. [PMID: 32749428 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02964e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of new hotspot nanomaterials to acquire mechanofluorochromic (MFC) properties has drawn substantial interest. However, previously reported MFC nanomaterials have required external pressures on the level of gigapascals, and observing distinct reversible MFC phenomena in nanomaterials under low-pressure conditions is still a challenge. Herein, a kind of reversible MFC-carbon dots (CDs) under low pressure has been reported for the first time. The MFC-CDs exhibited an apparent solid-state fluorescence color change, with emission shifting from green to blue via anisotropic grinding, owing to the alteration of hydrogen bonds and stacking structure among the CDs. Notably, these MFC-CDs exhibited a reversible fluorescence resulting from their being treated with acid vapors. This reversibility was indicated from X-ray diffraction analysis to be due to recovery of the crystalline state. The results highlighted the relationship between reversible MFC properties and structure, and showed the utility of these MFC-CDs as security films for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Guangrong Dao No. 8, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China.
| | - Yuhan Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Guangrong Dao No. 8, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China.
| | - Yuhang Meng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Guangrong Dao No. 8, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China.
| | - Huanrong Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Guangrong Dao No. 8, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China.
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Li L, Zhang L, Tong X, Li Y, Yang Z, Zhu D, Su Z, Xie Z. Near-infrared-emitting AIE multinuclear cationic Ir(iii) complex-assembled nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15332-15338. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02962a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The first pure NIR-emitting AIE multinuclear Ir(iii) complex NPs obtained by self-assembly exhibit excellent cell imaging and PDT performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaofan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yite Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Dongxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
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