1
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Chowdhury D, Sutradhar R, Paul A, Mukherjee A. Insight into the MO tBu (M=Na, K)-Mediated Dehydrogenation of Dimethylamine-Borane and Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitriles to Primary Amines. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400942. [PMID: 38605476 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Selective synthesis of primary amines from nitriles is challenging in synthetic chemistry due to the possible en-route generation of various amines and imines. Herein, we report a practical and operationally simple MOtBu-mediated (M=Na, K) transfer hydrogenation of nitriles to the corresponding primary amines with a relatively unexplored sacrificial hydrogen source (dimethylamine borane). The strategy encompasses a broad substrate scope under transition metal-free conditions and does not require any solvent. The mechanistic investigation was performed with the aid of control experiments and spectroscopic studies. The GC analysis of the reaction mixture exhibited the evolution of the H2 gas. Additionally, detailed computational calculations were undertaken to shed light on the possible intermediates and transition states involved during the present protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Durg District, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 491002, India
| | - Rahul Sutradhar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of, Sciences 2A & 2B Raja S C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ankan Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of, Sciences 2A & 2B Raja S C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Arup Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Durg District, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 491002, India
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2
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Komuro T, Hayasaka K, Takahashi K, Ishiwata N, Yamauchi K, Tobita H, Hashimoto H. Iron complexes supported by silyl-NHC chelate ligands: synthesis and use for double hydroboration of nitriles. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4041-4047. [PMID: 38333906 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03605g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Iron complexes bearing new silyl-NHC bidentate ligands were synthesised by treating Fe3(CO)12 with a mixture of N-(hydrosilyl)methyl imidazolium salts and a base. These complexes showed high performance in the catalytic double hydroboration of nitrile with pinacolborane (HBpin) to produce N,N-bis(boryl)amine by a combination of UV irradiation and mild heating (60 °C). The product yields for the hydroboration of aromatic and aliphatic nitriles reached 85%-95% (NMR) using an iron complex (5 mol%). Reducing the loading amount of the iron complex to 0.5 mol% still afforded the products in high yields. An analogous ruthenium complex, which was similarly synthesised using Ru3(CO)12, showed lower activity. Stoichiometric reactions of the iron complex with nitriles afforded Fe(0)-N-silylimine complexes, which may be dormant states in nitrile hydroboration. A catalytic mechanism including Fe(0) N-silylimine species is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Komuro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Kohei Hayasaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Kasumi Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Nozomu Ishiwata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Kota Yamauchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Tobita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Hisako Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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3
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Almutairi N, Vijjamarri S, Du G. Manganese Salan Complexes as Catalysts for Hydrosilylation of Aldehydes and Ketones. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13040665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese has attracted significant recent attention due to its abundance, low toxicity, and versatility in catalysis. In the present study, a series of manganese (III) complexes supported by salan ligands have been synthesized and characterized, and their activity as catalysts in the hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds was examined. While manganese (III) chloride complexes exhibited minimal catalytic efficacy without activation of silver perchlorate, manganese (III) azide complexes showed good activity in the hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds. Under optimized reaction conditions, several types of aldehydes and ketones could be reduced with good yields and tolerance to a variety of functional groups. The possible mechanisms of silane activation and hydrosilylation were discussed in light of relevant experimental observations.
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4
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Leland BE, Mondal J, Trovitch RJ. Sustainable preparation of aminosilane monomers, oligomers, and polymers through Si-N dehydrocoupling catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3665-3684. [PMID: 36857645 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc07092h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
This article covers historical and recent efforts to catalyse the dehydrocoupling of amines and silanes, a direct method for Si-N bond formation that offers hydrogen as a byproduct. In some applications, this transformation can be used as a sustainable replacement for traditional aminosilane synthesis, which demands corrosive chlorosilanes while generating one equivalent of ammonium salt waste for each Si-N bond that is formed. These advantages have driven the development of Si-N dehydrocoupling catalysts that span the periodic table, affording mechanistic insight that has led to advances in efficiency and selectivity. Given the divergence in precursors being used, characterization methods being relied on, and applications being targeted, this article highlights the formation of monomeric aminosilanes separately from oligomeric and polymeric aminosilanes. A recent study that allowed for the manganese catalysed synthesis of perhydropolysilazane and commercial chemical vapor deposition precursors is featured, and key opportunities for advancing the field of Si-N dehydrocoupling catalysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock E Leland
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
| | - Joydeb Mondal
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
| | - Ryan J Trovitch
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
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5
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Rennie BE, Price JS, Emslie DJH, Morris RH. Trans Ligand Determines the Stability of Paramagnetic Manganese(II) Hydrides of the Type trans-[MnH(L)(dmpe) 2] + Where L is PMe 3, C 2H 4, or CO. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:8123-8135. [PMID: 36812512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Paramagnetic metal hydride (PMH) complexes play important roles in catalytic applications and bioinorganic chemistry. 3d PMH chemistry has largely focused on Ti, Mn, Fe, and Co. Various MnII PMHs have been proposed as intermediates in catalysis, but isolated MnII PMHs are limited to dimeric high-spin MnII structures with bridging hydrides. In this paper, a series of the first low-spin monomeric MnII PMH complexes are generated by chemical oxidation of their MnI analogues. This series is of the type trans-[MnH(L)(dmpe)2]+/0 where the trans ligand L is PMe3, C2H4, or CO [dmpe is 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane], and the thermal stability of the MnII hydride complexes was found to be strongly dependent on the identity of the trans ligand. When L is PMe3, the complex is the first example of an isolated monomeric MnII hydride complex. In contrast, when L is C2H4 or CO, the complexes are only stable at low temperatures; upon warming to room temperature, the former decomposed to afford [Mn(dmpe)3]+, accompanied by ethane and ethylene, whereas the latter eliminated H2, generating [Mn(MeCN)(CO)(dmpe)2]+ or a mixture of products including [Mn(κ1-PF6)(CO)(dmpe)2], depending on the reaction conditions. All PMHs were characterized by low-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and stable [MnH(PMe3)(dmpe)2]+ was further characterized by UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, Superconducting Quantum Interference Device magnetometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Noteworthy spectral properties are the significant EPR superhyperfine coupling to the hydride (∼85 MHz) and an increase (+33 cm-1) in the Mn-H IR stretch upon oxidation. Density functional theory calculations were also employed to gain insights into the acidity and bond strengths of the complexes. MnII-H bond dissociation free energies are estimated to decrease in the series of complexes from 60 (L = PMe3) to 47 kcal/mol (L = CO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Rennie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey S Price
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S4M1, Canada
| | - David J H Emslie
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S4M1, Canada
| | - Robert H Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S3H6, Canada
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6
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Das S, Maity J, Panda TK. Metal/Non-Metal Catalyzed Activation of Organic Nitriles. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200192. [PMID: 36126180 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitrile activation is a prominent topic in recent developments in chemistry, especially in organic, inorganic, biological chemistry, as well as in the natural synthesis of products and in the pharmaceutical industry. The activation of nitriles using both metal and non-metal precursors has attracted several researchers, who are exploring newer ways to synthesize novel compounds. Nitrile activation can be achieved by combining various catalytic double hydroelementation reactions, such as hydrosilylation, hydroboration, and hydrogenation of organonitriles using silanes, pinacolborane, and other sources of hydrogen. These methodologies have garnered considerable attention since they are effective in the reduction of organonitriles, whose end products are extensively applied in synthetic organic chemistry. In this review, we summarize the development of selective hydroborylation, hydrosilylation, dihydroborysilylation, and hydrogenation of organonitriles, as well as their reaction mechanisms and the role of metal complexes in the catalytic cycles. This review article explains various synthetic methodologies applied toward the reduction of organonitriles into corresponding amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi - 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Maity
- Department of Chemistry, St. Stephen's College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi - 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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7
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Unexpected results of the reactions of manganese and vanadium β-diketiminate halide complexes with Na[HBEt3]. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Das K, Waiba S, Jana A, Maji B. Manganese-catalyzed hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and hydroelementation reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4386-4464. [PMID: 35583150 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00093h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of organometallic catalysis has shifted towards research on Earth-abundant transition metals due to their ready availability, economic advantage, and novel properties. In this case, manganese, the third most abundant transition-metal in the Earth's crust, has emerged as one of the leading competitors. Accordingly, a large number of molecularly-defined Mn-complexes has been synthesized and employed for hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and hydroelementation reactions. In this regard, catalyst design is based on three pillars, namely, metal-ligand bifunctionality, ligand hemilability, and redox activity. Indeed, the developed catalysts not only differ in the number of chelating atoms they possess but also their working principles, thereby leading to different turnover numbers for product molecules. Hence, the critical assessment of molecularly defined manganese catalysts in terms of chelating atoms, reaction conditions, mechanistic pathway, and product turnover number is significant. Herein, we analyze manganese complexes for their catalytic activity, versatility to allow multiple transformations and their routes to convert substrates to target molecules. This article will also be helpful to get significant insight into ligand design, thereby aiding catalysis design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuhali Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
| | - Satyadeep Waiba
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
| | - Akash Jana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
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9
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Abstract
AbstractRecent developments in manganese-catalyzed reducing transformations—hydrosilylation, hydroboration, hydrogenation, and transfer hydrogenation—are reviewed herein. Over the past half a decade (i.e., 2016 to the present), more than 115 research publications have been reported in these fields. Novel organometallic compounds and new reduction transformations have been discovered and further developed. Significant challenges that had historically acted as barriers for the use of manganese catalysts in reduction reactions are slowly being broken down. This review will hopefully assist in developing this research area, by presenting a clear and concise overview of the catalyst structures and substrate transformations published so far.1 Introduction2 Hydrosilylation3 Hydroboration4 Hydrogenation5 Transfer Hydrogenation6 Conclusion and Perspective
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Werlé
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion
- Ruhr University Bochum
| | - Peter Schlichter
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University
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10
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Geier SJ, Vogels CM, Melanson JA, Westcott SA. The transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8877-8922. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the development of the transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction, from its beginnings in the 1980s to more recent developments including earth-abundant catalysts and an ever-expanding array of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Geier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Vogels
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Melanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
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11
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Elsby MR, Oh C, Son M, Kim SYH, Baik MH, Baker RT. Spin-state crossover in photo-catalyzed nitrile dihydroboration via Mn-thiolate cooperation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12550-12559. [DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04339d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of a phosphine-free SNS-pincer ligand in metal–ligand cooperative hydroboration catalysis was investigated. The bifunctional thiolate donor and spin-state change to high-spin Mn are crucial to accessing low-energy activation barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Elsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Changjin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Son
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Scott Y. H. Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - R. Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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12
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Afonin MY, Sedelnikova AY, Konokhova AY, Sukhikh TS, Konchenko SN. STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF [(nacnac)MnCl]2 (nacnac = HC(C(Me)N(2.6-i-Pr2C6H3))2) PRODUCTS REDUCED BY POTASSIUM-INTERCALATED GRAPHITE IN TOLUENE AND BENZENE. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476621100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Bose SK, Mao L, Kuehn L, Radius U, Nekvinda J, Santos WL, Westcott SA, Steel PG, Marder TB. First-Row d-Block Element-Catalyzed Carbon-Boron Bond Formation and Related Processes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13238-13341. [PMID: 34618418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organoboron reagents represent a unique class of compounds because of their utility in modern synthetic organic chemistry, often affording unprecedented reactivity. The transformation of the carbon-boron bond into a carbon-X (X = C, N, and O) bond in a stereocontrolled fashion has become invaluable in medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry, and natural products chemistry as well as materials science. Over the past decade, first-row d-block transition metals have become increasingly widely used as catalysts for the formation of a carbon-boron bond, a transformation traditionally catalyzed by expensive precious metals. This recent focus on alternative transition metals has enabled growth in fundamental methods in organoboron chemistry. This review surveys the current state-of-the-art in the use of first-row d-block element-based catalysts for the formation of carbon-boron bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Kumar Bose
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore-562112, India
| | - Lujia Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, 571199 Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Laura Kuehn
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Nekvinda
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Stephen A Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Patrick G Steel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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14
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Weber S, Zobernig D, Stöger B, Veiros LF, Kirchner K. Hydroboration of Terminal Alkenes and trans-1,2-Diboration of Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by a Manganese(I) Alkyl Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24488-24492. [PMID: 34435424 PMCID: PMC8596825 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A MnI‐catalyzed hydroboration of terminal alkenes and a 1,2‐diboration of terminal alkynes with pinacolborane (HBPin) is described. For alkenes, anti‐Markovnikov hydroboration takes place; for alkynes the reaction proceeds with excellent trans‐1,2‐selectivity. The most active pre‐catalyst is bench‐stable alkyl bisphosphine MnI complex fac‐[Mn(dippe)(CO)3(CH2CH2CH3)]. The catalytic process is initiated by migratory insertion of a CO ligand into the Mn–alkyl bond to yield an acyl intermediate, which undergoes B−H bond cleavage of HBPin (for alkenes) and rapid C−H bond cleavage (for alkynes), forming the active MnI boryl and acetylide catalysts [Mn(dippe)(CO)2(BPin)] and [Mn(dippe)(CO)2(C≡CR)], respectively. A broad variety of aromatic and aliphatic alkenes and alkynes was efficiently and selectively borylated. Mechanistic insights are provided based on experimental data and DFT calculations revealing that an acceptorless reaction is operating involving dihydrogen release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Weber
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-AC, A-1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Daniel Zobernig
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-AC, A-1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-Ray Center, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Luis F Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Karl Kirchner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/163-AC, A-1060, Wien, Austria
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15
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Weber S, Zobernig D, Stöger B, Veiros LF, Kirchner K. Hydroboration of Terminal Alkenes and trans-1,2-Diboration of Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by a Manganese(I) Alkyl Complex. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 133:24693-24697. [PMID: 38505543 PMCID: PMC10947181 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A MnI-catalyzed hydroboration of terminal alkenes and a 1,2-diboration of terminal alkynes with pinacolborane (HBPin) is described. For alkenes, anti-Markovnikov hydroboration takes place; for alkynes the reaction proceeds with excellent trans-1,2-selectivity. The most active pre-catalyst is bench-stable alkyl bisphosphine MnI complex fac-[Mn(dippe)(CO)3(CH2CH2CH3)]. The catalytic process is initiated by migratory insertion of a CO ligand into the Mn-alkyl bond to yield an acyl intermediate, which undergoes B-H bond cleavage of HBPin (for alkenes) and rapid C-H bond cleavage (for alkynes), forming the active MnI boryl and acetylide catalysts [Mn(dippe)(CO)2(BPin)] and [Mn(dippe)(CO)2(C≡CR)], respectively. A broad variety of aromatic and aliphatic alkenes and alkynes was efficiently and selectively borylated. Mechanistic insights are provided based on experimental data and DFT calculations revealing that an acceptorless reaction is operating involving dihydrogen release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Weber
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryVienna University of TechnologyGetreidemarkt 9/163-ACA-1060WienAustria
| | - Daniel Zobernig
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryVienna University of TechnologyGetreidemarkt 9/163-ACA-1060WienAustria
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-Ray CenterVienna University of TechnologyGetreidemarkt 9A-1060WienAustria
| | - Luis F. Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia QuímicaInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaAv Rovisco Pais1049-001LisboaPortugal
| | - Karl Kirchner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryVienna University of TechnologyGetreidemarkt 9/163-ACA-1060WienAustria
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16
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Ghosh P, Jacobi von Wangelin A. Manganese‐Catalyzed Hydroborations with Broad Scope. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Ghosh
- Dept. of Chemistry University of Hamburg Martin Luther King Pl 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
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17
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Ghosh P, Jacobi von Wangelin A. Manganese-Catalyzed Hydroborations with Broad Scope. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16035-16043. [PMID: 33894033 PMCID: PMC8362021 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Reductive transformations of easily available oxidized matter are at the heart of synthetic manipulation and chemical valorization. The applications of catalytic hydrofunctionalization benefit from the use of liquid reducing agents and operationally facile setups. Metal‐catalyzed hydroborations provide a highly prolific platform for reductive valorizations of stable C=X electrophiles. Here, we report an especially facile, broad‐scope reduction of various functions including carbonyls, carboxylates, pyridines, carbodiimides, and carbonates under very mild conditions with the inexpensive pre‐catalyst Mn(hmds)2. The reaction could be successfully applied to depolymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Ghosh
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin Luther King Pl 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
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Elsby MR, Son M, Oh C, Martin J, Baik MH, Baker RT. Mechanistic Study of Metal–Ligand Cooperativity in Mn(II)-Catalyzed Hydroborations: Hemilabile SNS Ligand Enables Metal Hydride-Free Reaction Pathway. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Elsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Mina Son
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jessica Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - R. Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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19
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Thenarukandiyil R, Satheesh V, Shimon LJW, de Ruiter G. Hydroboration of Nitriles, Esters, and Carbonates Catalyzed by Simple Earth-Abundant Metal Triflate Salts. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:999-1006. [PMID: 33728809 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade earth-abundant metals have become increasingly important in homogeneous catalysis. One of the reactions in which earth-abundant metals have found important applications is the hydroboration of unsaturated C-C and C-X bonds (X=O or N). Within these set of transformations, the hydroboration of challenging substrates such as nitriles, carbonates and esters still remain difficult and often relies on elaborate ligand designs and highly reactive catalysts (e. g., metal alkyls/hydrides). Here we report an effective methodology for the hydroboration of challenging C≡N and C=O bonds that is simple and applicable to a wide set of substrates. The methodology is based on using a manganese(II) triflate salt that, in combination with commercially available potassium tert-butoxide and pinacolborane, catalyzes the hydroboration of nitriles, carbonates, and esters at room temperature and with near quantitative yields in less than three hours. Additional studies demonstrated that other earth-abundant metal triflate salts can facilitate this reaction as well, which is further discussed in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeesh Thenarukandiyil
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008, Haifa, Israel
| | - Vanaparthi Satheesh
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008, Haifa, Israel
| | - Linda J W Shimon
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Graham de Ruiter
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008, Haifa, Israel
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20
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Wang X, Xu X. Hydroboration of nitriles and imines by highly active zinc dihydride catalysts. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1128-1133. [PMID: 35423703 PMCID: PMC8693426 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09648b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eco-friendly zinc dihydrides stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes were demonstrated to be highly efficient catalysts for the double hydroboration of nitriles with pinacolborane, exhibiting turnover frequencies up to 3000 h−1 at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. The reactions afforded corresponding diboronated amines with excellent yields and good functional group tolerance. A single Zn–H insertion product was isolated from a stoichiometric reaction of zinc dihydride with nitrile, and was proved to be an active species in this transformation. Kinetic studies were performed to give some insights into the catalytic reactions. In addition, zinc dihydride species also showed high activity for the hydroboration of imines to boronated amines. Molecular zinc dihydrides were found to be highly efficient catalysts for the hydroboration of nitriles and imines at room temperature under solvent-free conditions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
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21
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He X, Yan B, Ni C, Zhao Y, Yang Z, Ma X. Sodium as High‐efficient Catalyst in Hydroboration of Unsaturated Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Ben Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Congjian Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Yunzhou Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
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22
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Babón JC, Esteruelas MA, Fernández I, López AM, Oñate E. Dihydroboration of Alkyl Nitriles Catalyzed by an Osmium-Polyhydride: Scope, Kinetics, and Mechanism. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Babón
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Centro de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. López
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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23
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Oh C, Siewe J, Nguyen TT, Kawamura A, Flores M, Groy TL, Anderson JS, Trovitch RJ, Baik MH. The electronic structure of a β-diketiminate manganese hydride dimer. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14463-14474. [PMID: 33034607 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02842h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of a dimeric manganese hydride catalyst supported by β-diketiminate ligands, [(2,6-iPr2PhBDI)Mn(μ-H)]2, was investigated with density functional theory. A triple bond between the manganese centres was anticipated from simple electron-counting rules; however, calculations revealed Mn-Mn Mayer bond orders of 0.21 and 0.27 for the ferromagnetically-coupled and antiferromagnetically-coupled extremes, respectively. In accordance with experimentally determined Heisenberg exchange coupling constants of -15 ± 0.1 cm-1 (SQUID) and -10.2 ± 0.7 cm-1 (EPR), the calculated J0 value of -10.9 cm-1 confirmed that the ground state involves antiferromagnetic coupling between high spin Mn(ii)-d5 centres. The effect of steric bulk on the bond order was examined via a model study with the least sterically-demanding version of the β-diketiminate ligand and was found to be negligible. Mixing between metal- and β-diketiminate-based orbitals was found to be responsible for the absence of a metal-metal multiple bond. The bridging hydrides give rise to a relatively close positioning of the metal centres, while bridging atoms possessing 2p orbitals result in longer Mn-Mn distances and more stable dimers. The synthesis and characterization of the bridging hydroxide variant, [(2,6-iPr2PhBDI)Mn(μ-OH)]2, provides experimental support for these assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Joëlle Siewe
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea and Department of Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thao T Nguyen
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Airi Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Marco Flores
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Thomas L Groy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ryan J Trovitch
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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24
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Hayrapetyan D, Khalimon AY. Catalytic Nitrile Hydroboration: A Route to N,N-Diborylamines and Uses Thereof. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2575-2587. [PMID: 32627941 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic reduction of nitriles is considered as an attractive and atom-economical route to a diversity of synthetically valuable primary amines. Compared to other methods, dihydroboration approach has been developed relatively recently but has already attracted the attention of many research groups due to reasonably mild reaction conditions, selectivity control and the access to N,N-diborylamines, which emerged as powerful reagents for C-N bond forming reactions. Early developments in catalytic dihydroboration of nitriles implied precious metal catalysts along with harsh conditions and prolonged reaction times, whereas recent advances mostly rely on base and main group metal catalytic systems with significantly improved profiles. This minireview aims to provide an overview of advances and challenges of dihydroboration of nitriles with d-, f- and main group metal catalysts. Mechanistic features of different catalytic systems, functional group tolerance and scope of the methods are also presented. The synthetic utility of N,N-diborylamies, beyond simple protodeborylation, is discussed in the aspect of N-arylation, imine and amide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davit Hayrapetyan
- Department of Chemistry School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Andrey Y Khalimon
- Department of Chemistry School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan.,The Environment and Resource Efficiency Cluster (EREC), Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
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