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Mizera A, Dubis AT, Ławniczak P, Markiewicz KH, Ostrowski A, Łapiński A. Investigation of spectroscopic and electrical properties of doped poly(pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 317:124368. [PMID: 38733910 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The spectroscopic and electrical properties of poly(pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid) doped with p-TSA- (p-toluenesulfonate) and AQS- (anthraquinone sulfonate) were investigated. The variation in electrical conductivity as a function of temperature shows that the systems have semiconductor-like electrical characteristics. The investigated polymers exhibit 3D conductivity and less than 0.6 eV energy gaps. The IR and Raman spectra show that the charge carriers are polarons and bipolarons. Doping the poly(pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid) increases the number of charge carriers. Electron paramagnetic resonance has shown that localized polarons and bipolarons are formed within these polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Mizera
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Alina T Dubis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245, Białystok, Poland
| | - Paweł Ławniczak
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179, Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina H Markiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245, Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Ostrowski
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Łapiński
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179, Poznań, Poland
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2
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Paulino PHS, Guimarães L, Nascimento CS. Chemical modification and doping of poly(p-phenylenes): A theoretical study. J Mol Model 2024; 30:114. [PMID: 38558272 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Conjugated polymers (CPs) have been recognized as promising materials for the manufacture of electronic devices. However, further studies are still needed to enhance the electrical conductivity of these type of organic materials. The two main strategies for achieving this improvement are the doping process and chemical modification of the polymer chain. Therefore, in this article, we conduct a theoretical investigation, employing DFT calculations to evaluate the structural, energetic, and electronic properties of pristine and push-pull-derived poly(p-phenylene) oligomers (PPPs), as well as the analysis at the molecular level of the polymer doping process. As a primary conclusion, we determined that the PPP oligomer substituted with the push-pull group 4-EtN/CNPhNO2 exhibited the smallest HOMO-LUMO gap (Eg) among the studied oligomers. Moreover, we observed that the doping process, whether through electron removal or the introduction of the dopant anion ClO4-, led to a substantial reduction in the Eg of the PPP, indicating an enhancement in the polymer's electrical conductivity. METHODS DFT calculations were conducted using the PBE0 functional along with the Pople's split valence 6-31G(d,p) basis set, which includes polarization functions on all atoms (B97D/6-31G(d,p)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique S Paulino
- Grupo de Pesquisa Em Química Computacional Aplicada (GPQCA), Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCNAT), Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ), Campus Dom BoscoSão João Del Rei, Minas Gerais, 36301-160, Brazil
| | - Luciana Guimarães
- Grupo de Pesquisa Em Química Computacional Aplicada (GPQCA), Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCNAT), Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ), Campus Dom BoscoSão João Del Rei, Minas Gerais, 36301-160, Brazil
| | - Clebio S Nascimento
- Grupo de Pesquisa Em Química Computacional Aplicada (GPQCA), Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCNAT), Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ), Campus Dom BoscoSão João Del Rei, Minas Gerais, 36301-160, Brazil.
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Kumar S, Bilash Choudhary R. Ameliorated optical, luminescent and thermo-chemical features of polymer derived PPy-SnO 2 nanocomposite as efficient emissive layer material (EML). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123099. [PMID: 37429196 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
PPy-SnO2 (PS) nanocomposite was synthesized with varying doses of SnO2 through in-situ oxidative polymerization technique. Morphological study was performed through FESEM analysis. Particle size of the 15% PS nanocomposite was estimated in the 13-35 nm range by XRD analysis. Elemental presence and its deconvoluted states in the 15% PS nanocomposite were confirmed by XPS analysis. Optical band gap for optimized 15% PS was calculated ∼1.83 eV. PL intensity increases with increase in the concentration of SnO2. Its value was found highest for 15% PS laid in the light blue region (close to white light). CIE color coordinate study of the nanocomposites elucidated that optimized 15% PS could be used as efficient emissive layer material for WLED application. A comparative TGA study of the PPy and 15% PS illustrated that optimized 15% PS nanocomposite proved to have better thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Nano Structured Composite Materials Laboratory (NCML), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Ram Bilash Choudhary
- Nano Structured Composite Materials Laboratory (NCML), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India.
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Monteiro-de-Castro G, Borges I. A Hammett's analysis of the substituent effect in functionalized diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) systems: Optoelectronic properties and intramolecular charge transfer effects. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:2256-2273. [PMID: 37496237 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) systems have promising applications in different organic electronic devices. In this work, we investigated the effect of 20 different substituent groups on the optoelectronic properties of DPP-based derivatives as the donor ( D )-material in an organic photovoltaic (OPV) device. For this purpose, we employed Hammett's theory (HT), which quantifies the electron-donating or -withdrawing properties of a given substituent group. Machine learning (ML)-basedσ m ,σ p ,σ m 0 ,σ p 0 ,σ p + ,σ p - ,σ I , andσ R Hammett's constants previously determined were used. Mono- (DPP-X1 ) and di-functionalized (DPP-X2 ) DPPs, where X is a substituent group, were investigated using density functional theory (DFT), time-dependent DFT (TDDFT), and ab initio methods. Several properties were computed using CAM-B3LYP and the second-order algebraic diagrammatic construction, ADC(2), an ab initio wave function method, including the adiabatic ionization potential ( I P A ), the electron affinity ( E A A ), the HOMO-LUMO gaps (E g ), and the maximum absorption wavelengths (λ max ), the first excited state transition 1 S0 → 1 S1 energies ( ∆ E ) (the optical gap), and exciton binding energies. From the optoelectronic properties and employing typical acceptor systems, the power conversion efficiency ( PCE ), open-circuit voltage (V OC ), and fill factor ( FF ) were predicted for a DPP-based OPV device. These photovoltaic properties were also correlated with the machine learning (ML)-based Hammett's constants. Overall, good correlations between all properties and the different types of σ constants were obtained, except for theσ I constants, which are related to inductive effects. This scenario suggests that resonance is the main factor controlling electron donation and withdrawal effects. We found that substituent groups with large σ values can produce higher photovoltaic efficiencies. It was also found that electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) reducedE g and ∆ E considerably compared to the unsubstituted DPP-H. Moreover, for every decrease (increase) in the values of a given optoelectronic property of DPP-X1 systems, a more significant decrease (increase) in the same values was observed for the DPP-X2 , thus showing that the addition of the second substituent results in a more extensive influence on all electronic properties. For the exciton binding energies, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm identified groups of substituents characterized by average values (centroids) of Hammett's constants that can drive the search for new DDP-derived materials. Our work presents a promising approach by applying HT on molecular engineering DPP-based molecules and other conjugated molecules for applications on organic optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Itamar Borges
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Defesa, Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Overoxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-overoxidized polypyrrole composite films with enhanced electrocatalytic ability for rutin and luteolin determination. Front Chem Sci Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Density functional theory studies of polypyrrole and polypyrrole derivatives; substituent effect on the optical and electronic properties. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cachaneski-Lopes JP, Batagin-Neto A. Effects of Mechanical Deformation on the Opto-Electronic Responses, Reactivity, and Performance of Conjugated Polymers: A DFT Study. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071354. [PMID: 35406228 PMCID: PMC9002523 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of polymers for optoelectronic applications is an important research area; however, a deeper understanding of the effects induced by mechanical deformations on their intrinsic properties is needed to expand their applicability and improve their durability. Despite the number of recent studies on the mechanochemistry of organic materials, the basic knowledge and applicability of such concepts in these materials are far from those for their inorganic counterparts. To bring light to this, here we employ molecular modeling techniques to evaluate the effects of mechanical deformations on the structural, optoelectronic, and reactivity properties of traditional semiconducting polymers, such as polyaniline (PANI), polythiophene (PT), poly (p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV), and polypyrrole (PPy). For this purpose, density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations were conducted for the distinct systems at varied stretching levels in order to identify the influence of structural deformations on the electronic structure of the systems. In general, it is noticed that the elongation process leads to an increase in electronic gaps, hypsochromic effects in the optical absorption spectrum, and small changes in local reactivities. Such changes can influence the performance of polymer-based devices, allowing us to establish significant structure deformation response relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Augusto Batagin-Neto
- POSMAT, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil;
- Institute of Science and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Itapeva 18409-010, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(15)-3524-9100 (ext. 9159)
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Coleone AP, Barboza BH, Batagin‐Neto A. Polypyrrole derivatives for detection of toxic gases: A theoretical study. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Pifer Coleone
- School of Sciences, POSMAT São Paulo State University (UNESP) Bauru/SP Brazil
| | - Bruno Hori Barboza
- School of Sciences, POSMAT São Paulo State University (UNESP) Bauru/SP Brazil
| | - Augusto Batagin‐Neto
- School of Sciences, POSMAT São Paulo State University (UNESP) Bauru/SP Brazil
- Campus of Itapeva São Paulo State University (UNESP) Itapeva/SP Brazil
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Henrique S. Paulino P, Silva CF, De Almeida WB, Guimarães L, Nascimento CS. A theoretical study of poly(p-phenylenes) and their cyclodextrin-based insulated molecular wires. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Polythiophene derivatives as chemical sensors: a DFT study on the influence of side groups. J Mol Model 2021; 27:17. [PMID: 33409576 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04632-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers have been considered promising candidates for applications in chemical sensors, mainly due to their high versatility of synthesis, low cost, light weight, and suitable optoelectronic properties. In this context, polythiophene (PT) derivatives have been successfully employed. However, at the same time that the versatility of the synthesis allows the production of varied derivatives, the complexity of interactions with analytes hinders an efficient design of compounds with improved sensing properties. In the present report, electronic structure calculations were employed to identify promising PT derivatives for chemical sensor applications. Structural, optoelectronic, and reactivity properties of a set of branched PT derivatives were evaluated. Adsorption studies considering different gaseous compounds were conducted for selected systems. The results suggest that an appropriate choice of the side groups can lead to derivatives with improved sensorial properties. In particular, PT-CN derivative was identified as the most promising compound for high sensitive chemical sensors towards SO2 and NH3 analytes.
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Dutta A, Rohman MA, Nongrum R, Thongni A, Mitra S, Nongkhlaw R. Visible light-promoted synthesis of pyrrolidinone derivatives via Rose Bengal as a photoredox catalyst and their photophysical studies. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This protocol demonstrates the eco-friendly and sustainable synthesis of pyrrolidinone derivatives using a photocatalyst under irradiation from blue LEDs and their photophysical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Dutta
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong 793022
- India
| | - Mostofa A. Rohman
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong 793022
- India
| | | | - Aiborlang Thongni
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong 793022
- India
| | - Sivaprasad Mitra
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong 793022
- India
| | - Rishanlang Nongkhlaw
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- North Eastern Hill University
- Shillong 793022
- India
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Lascane LG, Oliveira EF, Galvão DS, Batagin-Neto A. Polyfuran-based chemical sensors: Identification of promising derivatives via DFT calculations and fully atomistic reactive molecular dynamics. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Khokhar D, Jadoun S, Arif R, Jabin S. Functionalization of conducting polymers and their applications in optoelectronics. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1819312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Khokhar
- Department of Chemistry, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, India
| | - Sapana Jadoun
- Department of Chemistry, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, India
| | - Rizwan Arif
- Department of Chemistry, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, India
| | - Shagufta Jabin
- Department of Chemistry, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, India
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Alnoman RB, Parveen S, Hagar M, Ahmed HA, Knight JG. A new chiral boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based fluorescent probe: molecular docking, DFT, antibacterial and antioxidant approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:5429-5442. [PMID: 31809642 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1701555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A new chiral BODIPY-based fluorescent compound, 5-bromo-4,4-difluoro-3(S)-1-phenylethyl)amino) BODIPY, 4 was synthesized for biomedical applications. Optical, antimicrobial, antioxidant properties of the compound 4 are investigated. The partition coefficient suggested that the compound 4 has the potential to be developed as an active antibacterial and antioxidant candidate. In this context, antibacterial assay was carried out for compound 4 against various bacterial strains, revealing maximum inhibition zone (24 ± 2.19 mm) in Escherichia coli. Moreover, results of antioxidant activity of compound 4 revealed IC50 values to be greater than ascorbic acid. Molecular docking has given brief insight about the binding of the compound 4, suggesting that it has a strong potential to inhibit bacterial target enzymes viz., DNA gyrase, enzymes in the type II fatty acid synthesis and Ddl (d-alanine: d-alanine ligase) in peptidoglycan synthesis. The molecular geometry and electrostatic potential of compound 4, was established by DFT (Density Functional Theory) calculations.AbbreviationsBBBblood‒brain barrierBDEbond dissociation energyBODIPYboron-dipyrromethaneDdlD-alanine:D-alanine ligaseDDQ2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinoneDFTdensity functional theoryDNAdeoxyribonucleic acidDPPH1,1‒diphenyl‒2‒picrylhydrazylNBSN-bromo succinimideROSreactive oxygen speciesUV-visultraviolet-visibleFMOfrontier molecular orbitalsHOMOhighest occupied molecular orbitalLUMOlowest unoccupied molecular orbitalCommunicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rua B Alnoman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad Hagar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Julian G Knight
- School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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