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Zimmermanns R, Luo X, Hansen AL, Sadowski M, Fu Q, Albe K, Indris S, Knapp M, Ehrenberg H. Influence of oxygen distribution on the Li-ion conductivity in oxy-sulfide glasses - taking a closer look. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38919036 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01132e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Lithium thiophosphates are a promising class of solid electrolyte (SE) materials for all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) due to their high Li-ion conductivity. Yet, the practical application of lithium thiophosphates is hindered by their chemical instability, which remains a prevalent challenge in the field. Oxygen substitution has been discussed in the literature as a promising strategy to enhance stability. Nevertheless, the lack of understanding of the role of synthesis strategy on the resulting structure-property relationship makes it difficult to predict and control the material's behaviour, limiting our ability to fully utilize oxygen substitution as a viable solution. Here, we show that not only the total oxygen content but also the oxygen distribution within the material affects the ion conductivity. By carefully analysing the local structure of oxy-sulfide glasses, we find that few highly oxygenated structural units like [PO4]3- and [PO3S]3- are more detrimental to the ionic conductivity than a larger amount of less substituted units like [POS3]3-. Further, we demonstrate how the oxygen distribution is connected to the synthesis in high-energy ball milling by comparing two different sets of precursor materials. The results may explain the deviations in the past literature. The findings should be transferable to other Li-thiophosphate materials and enable more directed design of new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Zimmermanns
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Xianlin Luo
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Anna-Lena Hansen
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Marcel Sadowski
- Technical University of Darmstadt (TUD), Institute of Materials Science, Otto-Berndt Strasse 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Qiang Fu
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Karsten Albe
- Technical University of Darmstadt (TUD), Institute of Materials Science, Otto-Berndt Strasse 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sylvio Indris
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
- Applied Chemistry and Engineering Research Centre of Excellence (ACER CoE), Université Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir, 43150, Morocco
| | - Michael Knapp
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Helmut Ehrenberg
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Gawęda M, Jeleń P, Bik M, Szumera M, Olejniczak Z, Sitarz M. Spectroscopic studies on phosphate-modified silicon oxycarbide-based amorphous materials. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 291:122341. [PMID: 36634493 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy is the most effective, efficient and informative method of structural analysis of amorphous materials with silica matrix and, therefore, an indispensable tool for examining silicon oxycarbide-based amorphous materials (SiOC). The subject of this work is a description of the modification process of SiOC glasses with phosphate ions based on the structural examination including mainly Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy. They were obtained as polymer-derived ceramics based on ladder-like silsesquioxanes synthesised via the sol-gel method. With the high phosphate's volatility, it was decided to introduce the co-doping ions to create [AlPO4] and [BPO4] stable structural units. As a result, several samples from the SiPOC, SiPAlOC and SiPBOC systems were obtained with various quantities of the modifiers. All samples underwent a detailed structural evaluation of both polymer precursors and ceramics after high-temperature treatment with Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR). Obtained results proved the efficient preparation of desired materials that exhibit structural parameters similar to the unmodified one. They were X-ray-amorphous with no phase separation and crystallisation. Spectroscopic measurements confirmed the presence of the crucial Si-C bond and how modifying ions are incorporated into the SiOC network. It was also possible to characterise the turbostratic free carbon phase. The modification was aimed to improve the bioperformance of the materials in the context of their future application as bioactive coatings on metallic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gawęda
- NOMATEN CoE, NOMATEN MAB, National Centre for Nuclear Research, A. Soltana 7 Str., 05-400 Otwock-Świerk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Jeleń
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, A. Mickiewicza 30 Av, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Bik
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, A. Mickiewicza 30 Av, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szumera
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, A. Mickiewicza 30 Av, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Olejniczak
- The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152 Str., 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Sitarz
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, A. Mickiewicza 30 Av, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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Keshri SR, Ganisetti S, Kumar R, Gaddam A, Illath K, Ajithkumar TG, Balaji S, Annapurna K, Nasani N, Krishnan NMA, Allu AR. Ionic Conductivity of Na 3Al 2P 3O 12 Glass Electrolytes-Role of Charge Compensators. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12893-12905. [PMID: 34369768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In glasses, a sodium ion (Na+) is a significant mobile cation that takes up a dual role, that is, as a charge compensator and also as a network modifier. As a network modifier, Na+ cations modify the structural distributions and create nonbridging oxygens. As a charge compensator, Na+ cations provide imbalanced charge for oxygen that is linked between two network-forming tetrahedra. However, the factors controlling the mobility of Na+ ions in glasses, which in turn affects the ionic conductivity, remain unclear. In the current work, using high-fidelity experiments and atomistic simulations, we demonstrate that the ionic conductivity of the Na3Al2P3O12 (Si0) glass material is dependent not only on the concentration of Na+ charge carriers but also on the number of charge-compensated oxygens within its first coordination sphere. To investigate, we chose a series of glasses formulated by the substitution of Si for P in Si0 glass based on the hypothesis that Si substitution in the presence of Na+ cations increases the number of Si-O-Al bonds, which enhances the role of Na as a charge compensator. The structural and conductivity properties of bulk glass materials are evaluated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopy, and impedance spectroscopy. We observe that the increasing number of charge-imbalanced bridging oxygens (BOs) with the substitution of Si for P in Si0 glass enhances the ionic conductivity by an order of magnitude-from 3.7 × 10-8 S.cm-1 to 3.3 × 10-7 S.cm-1 at 100 °C. By rigorously quantifying the channel regions in the glass structure, using MD simulations, we demonstrate that the enhanced ionic conductivity can be attributed to the increased connectivity of Na-rich channels because of the increased charge-compensated BOs around the Na atoms. Overall, this study provides new insights for designing next-generation glass-based electrolytes with superior ionic conductivity for Na-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta R Keshri
- Energy Materials and Devices Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sudheer Ganisetti
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anuraag Gaddam
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Kavya Illath
- Central NMR Facility and Physical /Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Thalasseril G Ajithkumar
- Central NMR Facility and Physical /Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sathravada Balaji
- Glass Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - K Annapurna
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Glass Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Narendar Nasani
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET), (Under Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (MeitY), Govt. of India), IDA Phase - III, Cherlapally, HCL Post Hyderabad 500 051 Telangana, India
| | - N M Anoop Krishnan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Amarnath R Allu
- Energy Materials and Devices Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata 700032, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Zhao Y, Du J, Cao X, Zhang C, Xu G, Qiao X, Liu Y, Peng S, Han G. A modified random network model for P 2O 5-Na 2O-Al 2O 3-SiO 2 glass studied by molecular dynamics simulations. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7025-7036. [PMID: 35423197 PMCID: PMC8694886 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10810c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the short- and medium-range structural features of sodium aluminosilicate glasses with various P2O5 (0–7 mol%) content and Al/Na ratios ranging from 0.667 to 2.000 by using molecular dynamics simulations. The local environment evolution of network former cations (Si, Al, P) and the extent of clustering behavior of modifiers (Na+) is determined through pair distribution function (PDF), total correlation function (TDF), coordination number (CN), Qxn distribution and oxygen speciation analysis. We show that Al–O–P and Si–O–Al linkage is preferred over other connections as compared to a random model and that Si–O–Si linkage is promoted by the P2O5 addition, which is related to structural heterogeneity and generates well-separated silicon-rich and aluminum–phosphorus-rich regions. Meanwhile, due to the relatively high propensity of Al to both Si and P, heterogeneity can be partly overcome with high Al content. A small amount of Si–O–P linkages have been detected at the interface of separated regions. Clustering of Na+ is also observed and intensified with the addition of P2O5. Based on the simulated structural information, a modified random network model for P2O5-bearing sodium aluminosilicate glass has been proposed, which could be useful to optimize the mobility of sodium ions and design novel functional glass compositions. (A) A modified structural model proposed for P2O5-bearing sodium aluminosilicate glasses. (B) Degree of preferred connection (DPC) of different T–O–T network linkage for LAP, MAP and HAP glass compositions with various P2O5 content.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China +86 571 87951842 +86 571 87951842
| | - Jincheng Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas Denton Texas 76203-5017 USA
| | - Xin Cao
- (CNBM) Bengbu Design & Research Institute for Glass Industry Co., Ltd. No. 1047, Tushan Road Bengbu City Anhui Province China
| | - Chong Zhang
- (CNBM) Bengbu Design & Research Institute for Glass Industry Co., Ltd. No. 1047, Tushan Road Bengbu City Anhui Province China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China +86 571 87951842 +86 571 87951842
| | - Xvsheng Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China +86 571 87951842 +86 571 87951842
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China +86 571 87951842 +86 571 87951842
| | - Shou Peng
- (CNBM) Bengbu Design & Research Institute for Glass Industry Co., Ltd. No. 1047, Tushan Road Bengbu City Anhui Province China
| | - Gaorong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China +86 571 87951842 +86 571 87951842
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