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Elvers BJ, Fischer C, Schulzke C. Dynamics and Coordination of a P 2N 2 Ligand - from Twisted Conformation to Chelation. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304103. [PMID: 38372510 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Based on their general spacial flexibility, their Lewis and Brønsted basicity, and ability to mimic second sphere effects the 1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane ligand family and their complexes have regained substantial scientific interest. It was now possible to structurally analyze a recently reported member of this family with p-tolyl and t-butyl substituents on P and N, respectively, (P2 p-tolN2 tBu). Notably, the ligand crystallizes with a 'twisted' backbone. This compound is the very first of its kind to have been unambiguously characterized with regard to its chemical and molecular structure as being in this conformation. A temperature-dependent NMR study provides insight into the molecular dynamics of two isomers in solution, which are most likely also both twisted, as judged by the observed limited reactivity. Despite the in principle unfavorable conformation of the free ligand, it was successfully chelated to tungsten and molybdenum centers in mononuclear carbonyl complexes. The ligand, a derivative thereof and four new complexes were comprehensively characterized and analyzed in comparison. This includes single crystal XRD molecular structures of P2 p-tolN2 tBu and all four complexes. P2 p-tolN2 tBu, regardless of its twisted conformation, is able to coordinate to metal centers given that enough energy (heat) for a conformational change is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict J Elvers
- Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Fischer
- Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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Isbrandt ES, Chapple DE, Tu NTP, Dimakos V, Beardall AMM, Boyle PD, Rowley CN, Blacquiere JM, Newman SG. Controlling Reactivity and Selectivity in the Mizoroki-Heck Reaction: High Throughput Evaluation of 1,5-Diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5650-5660. [PMID: 38359357 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
We report a high throughput evaluation of the Mizoroki-Heck reaction of diverse olefin coupling partners. Comparison of different ligands revealed the 1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane (P2N2) scaffold to be more broadly applicable than common "gold standard" ligands, demonstrating that this family of readily accessible diphosphines has unrecognized potential in organic synthesis. In particular, two structurally related P2N2 ligands were identified to enable the regiodivergent arylation of styrenes. By simply altering the phosphorus substituent from a phenyl to tert-butyl group, both the linear and branched Mizoroki-Heck products can be obtained in high regioisomeric ratios. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies were performed to further probe the origin of selectivity, which suggests that both ligands coordinate to the metal in a similar manner but that rigid positioning of the phosphorus substituent forces contact with the incoming olefin in a π-π interaction (for P-Ph ligands) or with steric clash (for P-tBu ligands), dictating the regiocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Isbrandt
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Devon E Chapple
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Nguyen Thien Phuc Tu
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Victoria Dimakos
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Anne Marie M Beardall
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Paul D Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Christopher N Rowley
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Johanna M Blacquiere
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Stephen G Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Chapple DE, Hoffer MA, Boyle PD, Blacquiere JM. Alkyne Hydrofunctionalization Mechanism Including an Off-Cycle Alkoxycarbene Deactivation Complex. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devon E. Chapple
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
| | - Megan A. Hoffer
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
| | - Paul D. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
| | - Johanna M. Blacquiere
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian R. James
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Isbrandt ES, Nasim A, Zhao K, Newman SG. Catalytic Aldehyde and Alcohol Arylation Reactions Facilitated by a 1,5-Diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14646-14656. [PMID: 34478276 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a catalytic method to access secondary alcohols by the coupling of aryl iodides. Either aldehydes or alcohols can be used as reaction partners, making the transformation reductive or redox-neutral, respectively. The reaction is mediated by a Ni catalyst and a 1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane. This P2N2 ligand, which has previously been unrecognized in cross-coupling and related reactions, was found to avoid deleterious aryl halide reduction pathways that dominate with more traditional phosphines and NHCs. An interrupted carbonyl-Heck type mechanism is proposed to be operative, with a key 1,2-insertion step forging the new C-C bond and forming a nickel alkoxide that may be turned over by an alcohol reductant. The same catalyst was also found to enable synthesis of ketone products from either aldehydes or alcohols, demonstrating control over the oxidation state of both the starting materials and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Isbrandt
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Amrah Nasim
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Karen Zhao
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephen G Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Chapple DE, Boyle PD, Blacquiere JM. Origin of Stability and Inhibition of Cooperative Alkyne Hydrofunctionalization Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devon E. Chapple
- Department of Chemistry Western University 1151 Richmond Street London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Paul D. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry Western University 1151 Richmond Street London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Johanna M. Blacquiere
- Department of Chemistry Western University 1151 Richmond Street London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada
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Bridge BJ, Boyle PD, Blacquiere JM. endo-Selective Iron Catalysts for Intramolecular Alkyne Hydrofunctionalization. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Bridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Paul D. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Johanna M. Blacquiere
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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Chung LH, Yeung CF, Wong CY. Ruthenium-Induced Cyclization of Heteroatom-Functionalized Alkynes: Progress, Challenges and Perspectives. Chemistry 2020; 26:6102-6112. [PMID: 31943425 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal-induced cyclization of functionalized alkynes represents one of the most general approaches to prepare organic heterocycles. Although RuII centers are well-established to promote alkyne to vinylidene rearrangements and many RuII -mediated alkyne cyclizations have been rationalized to be the results of post-vinylidene transformations, recent discoveries indicate that RuII centers can serve as electrophiles and induce alkyne cyclizations without vinylidene intermediacy. In this Minireview, an overview of the RuII -induced cyclization of heteroatom-functionalized alkynes in the last decade is provided, with an emphasis on the discoveries and validations of the unconventional "non-vinylidene-involving" pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Hon Chung
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Chi-Fung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China
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