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Kinzelmann M, Fröhlich N, Vogel A, Kivala M, Drewello T. Tandem mass spectrometry of π-expanded triphenylamine and N-heterotriangulene scaffolds: Radical cation versus silver(I) adduct. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2024; 59:e5079. [PMID: 39132903 DOI: 10.1002/jms.5079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Triphenylamine (TPA) and N-heterotriangulene (N-HTA) scaffolds with up to three oligophenyl extensions are investigated by electrospray ionization (tandem) mass spectrometry (ESI-[MS/]MS). Due to their low oxidation potentials, all molecules readily form radical cations in the electrospray process. The energy-resolved collision-induced dissociation behaviour of the molecular ions is contrasted to that of the silver(I) adducts. Complexation with Ag(I) leads to the expected [1:1] and [2:1] complexes (MAg+ and M2Ag+); however, even [1:2] complexes (MAg2 2+) can be detected for molecules with two and three large π-expansions to allow stabilization of two charges. The TPA scaffolds decompose only at high collision energies through the loss of peripheral tert-butyl groups. A general mechanism for this is proposed commencing with a methyl loss and followed by the release of isobutene and butyl radical moieties. The N-HTA-based scaffolds are considerably less stable and molecular ions fragment at low collision energies. This is caused by the facile loss of methyl radicals from the dimethylmethylene-bridged triangulene core. In contrast, complexation with Ag+ leads to a dramatic stabilization. Most interestingly, dissociation eventually proceeds via the loss of neutral AgCH3, which is indicative of strong bidentate, tweezer-like bonding of Ag+ to the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kinzelmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Physical Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nina Fröhlich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Vogel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Drewello
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Physical Chemistry I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Oschwald J, Reger D, Frühwald S, Warmbrunn V, Görling A, Jux N, Drewello T. Experimental and Theoretical Structure Elucidation of the [2 : 1] Complex Ion of Carbo[n]helicene with n=6, 7 and 8 and Ag . Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300496. [PMID: 37578805 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase complexes of [n]helicenes with n=6, 7 and 8 and the silver(I) cation are generated utilizing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Besides the well-established [1 : 1] helicene/Ag+ -complex in which the helicene provides a tweezer-like surrounding for the Ag+ , there is also a [2 : 1] complex formed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations in conjunction with energy-resolved collision-induced dissociation (ER-CID) experiments reveal that the second helicene attaches via π-π stacking to the first helicene, which is part of the pre-formed [1 : 1] tweezer complex with Ag+ . For polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of planar structure, the [2 : 1] complex with silver(I) is typically structured as an Ag+ -bound dimer in which the Ag+ would bind to both PAHs as the central metal ion (PAH-Ag+ -PAH). For helicenes, the Ag+ -bound dimer is of similar thermochemical stability as the π-π stacked dimer, however, it is kinetically inaccessible. Coronene (Cor) is investigated in comparison to the helicenes as an essentially planar PAH. In analogy to the π-π stacked dimer of the helicenes, the Cor-Ag+ -Cor-Cor complex is also observed. Competition experiments using [n]helicene mixtures reveal that the tweezer complexes of Ag+ are preferably formed with the larger helicenes, with n=6 being entirely ignored as the host for Ag+ in the presence of n=7 or 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Oschwald
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Reger
- Organic Chemistry II, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Current affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Frühwald
- Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vera Warmbrunn
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Görling
- Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Norbert Jux
- Organic Chemistry II, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Drewello
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Majid MF, Mohd Zaid HF, Abd Shukur MF, Ahmad A, Jumbri K. Physicochemical properties and density functional theory calculation of octahedral UiO-66 with Bis(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ionic liquids. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20743. [PMID: 37867795 PMCID: PMC10585329 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the physicochemical properties and molecular interactions between zirconium-based metal-organic framework (UiO-66) and three different ionic liquids based on bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion (EMIM+, BMIM+ and OMIM+) was performed via a combined experimental and computational approach. The ionic liquid loaded UiO-66 or IL@UiO-66 was synthesized and characterized to understand the host-guest interaction. Density functional theory calculation was performed to analyse the electronic structure of IL@UiO-66 to provide molecular insight on the dominant interactions occurred in the hybrid material. Results showed that all ILs were successfully incorporated into the micropores of UiO-66. The 3D framework was retained even after loaded with ILs as analyzed from XRD pattern. FTIR spectrum reveals that interactions of ILs with UiO-66 influenced by the alkyl chain length of the cation. The anion has a profound affinity with the UiO-66 due to the presence of electronegative atoms. Phase transition study from DSC suggested that the incorporation of ILs has stabilized the framework of UiO-66 by shifting the endothermic peak to a higher state. These findings were further elaborated with DFT calculation. Geometrical optimizations confirmed the structural parameter changes of UiO-66 when loaded with ILs. These was mainly contributed by the non-covalent interactions which was confirmed by the reduced density gradient scattered plot. Another important findings are the strength of hydrogen bonding at the host-guest interface was influenced by the alkyl chain length. The molecular orbital analysis also shows that the size of alkyl chain influence the reactivity of the hybrid material. The present study provides fundamental insights on the molecular interaction of UiO-66 and ILs as a hybrid material, which can open new possibilities for advanced material for metal-organic framework applications in energy storage system, catalysis, gas storage and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Faridzuan Majid
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fadhlullah Abd Shukur
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Azizan Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University (Campus C), Mulyorejo Road, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Khairulazhar Jumbri
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
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Borosky GL, Laali KK. A DFT Computational and Synthetic Study of New Curcuminoidpropargyl Adducts with Pseudo‐Cofacial Aryl Rings. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela L. Borosky
- INFIQC CONICET and Departamento de Química Teórica y Computacional Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria Córdoba 5000 Argentina
| | - Kenneth K. Laali
- Department of Chemistry University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive Jacksonville Florida 32224 USA
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Colaço MC, Caramori GF, Parreira RLT, Laali KK. Janusene as a silver ion scavenger: insights from computation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03833h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability of Janusene to interact simultaneously with multiple silver ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus C. Colaço
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Giovanni F. Caramori
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Renato L. T. Parreira
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Kenneth K. Laali
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, 32224-7699, USA
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Moussa ME, Schiller J, Seidl M, Shelyganov PA, Scheer M. Discrete and polymeric organometallic-organic assemblies based on the diarsene complex [(Cp) 2Mo 2(CO) 4(μ,η 2-As 2)], AgPF 6 and N-donor organic molecules. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05959e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The first mixed-ligand self-assembly reactions of the diarsene complex [Cp2Mo2(CO)4(μ,η2-As2)] and N-donor organic molecules in the presence of AgPF6 allow for the synthesis of two discrete and four polymeric supramolecular aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Elsayed Moussa
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg
- Regensburg 93040
- Germany
| | - Jana Schiller
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg
- Regensburg 93040
- Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg
- Regensburg 93040
- Germany
| | - Pavel A. Shelyganov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg
- Regensburg 93040
- Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg
- Regensburg 93040
- Germany
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Sánchez-Sanz G, Trujillo C, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Rivalry between Regium and Hydrogen Bonds Established within Diatomic Coinage Molecules and Lewis Acids/Bases. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2557-2563. [PMID: 32893396 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical study of the complexes formed by Ag2 and Cu2 with different molecules, XH (FH, ClH, OH2 , SH2 , HCN, HNC, HCCH, NH3 and PH3 ) that can act as hydrogen-bond donors (Lewis acids) or regium-bond acceptors (Lewis bases) was carried out at the CCSD(T)/CBS computational level. The heteronuclear diatomic coinage molecules (AuAg, AuCu, and AgCu) have also been considered. With the exception of some of the hydrogen-bonded complexes with FH, the regium-bonded binary complexes are more stable. The AuAg and AuCu molecules show large dipole moments that weaken the regium bond (RB) with Au and favour those through the Ag and Cu atoms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goar Sánchez-Sanz
- Irish Centre of High-End Computing, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin, D2, Ireland & School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D4, Ireland
| | - Cristina Trujillo
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St., Dublin, D2, Ireland
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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