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Ngo GL, Le XP, Pham QT, Hermier JP, Lai ND. High-directivity far-field radiation of quantum dot-based single-photon emitter coupled to polymeric circular waveguide resonant grating. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:165001. [PMID: 38154138 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state single-photon emitters (SPEs) commonly encounter the limitation of quasi-omnidirectional radiation patterns, which poses challenges in utilizing their emission with conventional optical instruments. In this study, we demonstrate the tailoring of the far-field radiation patterns of SPEs based on colloidal quantum dots (QDs), both theoretically and experimentally, by employing a polymer-based dielectric antenna. We introduce a simple and cost-effective technique, namely low one-photon absorption direct laser writing, to achieve precise coupling of a QD into an all-polymer circular waveguide resonance grating. By optimizing the geometry parameters of the structure using 3D finite-difference time-domain simulations, resonance at the emission wavelength of QDs is achieved in the direction perpendicular to the substrate, resulting in photon streams with remarkably high directivity on both sides of the grating. Theoretical calculations predict beam divergence values below 2°, while experimental measurements using back focal plane imaging yield divergence angles of approximately 8°. Our study contributes to the evaluation of concentric circular grating structures employing low refractive index polymer materials, thereby expanding the possibilities for their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gia Long Ngo
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LuMIn, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, GEMaC, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Xuan Phuc Le
- Thales Research and Technology, 91767 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Quang Truong Pham
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LuMIn, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Ngoc Diep Lai
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LuMIn, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Ngo GL, Nguyen L, Hermier JP, Lai ND. On-Chip 3D Printing of Polymer Waveguide-Coupled Single-Photon Emitter Based on Colloidal Quantum Dots. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092201. [PMID: 37177347 PMCID: PMC10180566 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of quantum technology, there has been a growing interest in fully integrated systems that employ single photons due to their potential for high performance and scalability. Here, a simple method is demonstrated for creating on-chip 3D printed polymer waveguide-coupled single-photon emitters based on colloidal quantum dots (QDs). By using a simple low-one photon absorption technique, we were able to create a 3D polymeric crossed-arc waveguide structure with a bright QD on top. These waveguides can conduct both excitation laser and emitted single photons, which facilitates the characterization of single-photon signals at different outputs with a conventional confocal scanning system. To optimize the guiding effect of the polymeric waveguide structures, comprehensive 3D finite-difference time-domain simulations were performed. Our method provides a straightforward and cost-effective way to integrate high-performance single-photon sources with on-chip photonic devices, enabling scalable and versatile quantum photonic circuits for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gia Long Ngo
- LuMIn, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- GEMaC, UVSQ, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Long Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | | | - Ngoc Diep Lai
- LuMIn, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Au TH, Perry A, Audibert J, Trinh DT, Do DB, Buil S, Quélin X, Hermier JP, Lai ND. Controllable movement of single-photon source in multifunctional magneto-photonic structures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4843. [PMID: 32179841 PMCID: PMC7075966 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dot (QD) coupling in nanophotonics has been widely studied for various potential applications in quantum technologies. Micro-machining has also attracted substantial research interest due to its capacity to use miniature robotic tools to make precise controlled movements. In this work, we combine fluorescent QDs and magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) to realize multifunctional microrobotic structures and demonstrate the manipulation of a coupled single-photon source (SPS) in 3D space via an external magnetic field. By employing the low one photon absorption (LOPA) direct laser writing (DLW) technique, the fabrication of 2D and 3D magneto-photonic devices containing a single QD is performed on a hybrid material consisting of colloidal CdSe/CdS QDs, magnetite Fe3O4 NPs, and SU-8 photoresist. Two types of devices, contact-free and in-contact structures, are investigated to demonstrate their magnetic and photoradiative responses. The coupled SPS in the devices is driven by the external magnetic field to perform different movements in a 3D fluidic environment. The optical properties of the single QD in the devices are characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Huong Au
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces, FRE 2036, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centrale Supélec, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Groupe d'étude de la matière condensée, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 Avenue des États-Unis, 78035, Versailles, France
| | - Amber Perry
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces, FRE 2036, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centrale Supélec, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Lewis & Clark College, 0615 SW Palatine Hill Rd, Portland, OR, 97219, USA
| | - Jeff Audibert
- Laboratoire de Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires, UMR 8531, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Duc Thien Trinh
- Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Danh Bich Do
- Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Stéphanie Buil
- Groupe d'étude de la matière condensée, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 Avenue des États-Unis, 78035, Versailles, France
| | - Xavier Quélin
- Groupe d'étude de la matière condensée, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 Avenue des États-Unis, 78035, Versailles, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hermier
- Groupe d'étude de la matière condensée, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 Avenue des États-Unis, 78035, Versailles, France.
| | - Ngoc Diep Lai
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces, FRE 2036, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centrale Supélec, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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