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Chen J, Xu J, Xiao T, Zhao M, Cao J, Ma P, Ma C. Molecular design and theoretical study of oxadiazole-bifurazan derivatives. J Mol Model 2023; 29:175. [PMID: 37171592 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The design and synthesis of new high energy density materials is an important part of the research in the field of high energy materials. However, the synthesis of high-energy materials is very difficult and dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to design the compounds in advance and evaluate the performance of the designed compounds, so as to screen the high-energy candidate compounds with excellent performance and provide reference for future synthesis and application. 1,2,5-oxadiazole (furazan) and 1,2,4-oxadiazole are five-membered nitrogen-oxygen heterocycles. Because their structures contain high-energy N-O, C=N bonds, they can effectively improve the energy density and oxygen balance of compounds, which has attracted widespread attention. In this paper, 42 kinds of oxadiazole-bifurazan energetic derivatives were designed by inserting different functional groups and changing the parent bridging groups with 1,2,4-oxadiazole and furazan as the basic structural units. Their electronic structures, aromaticity, heats of formation (HOFs), detonation properties, thermodynamic properties and electrostatic potential were systematically studied by density functional than theory (DFT). The results show that -C (NO2)3 has the greatest improvement effect on HOFs among all the substituent groups. The detonation performance of -N=N- bridged oxadiazole-bifurazan derivatives is better than that of -NH-NH- bridged derivatives. And -C(NO2)3 is the most effective group to improve the detonation performance and density of compounds. Compared with the parent compounds, when a -C(NO2)3 was introduced, the density increased by about 5.5%. A6 (D = 10.30 km·s-1, P = 48.86 GPa) and D6 (D = 9.57 km·s-1, P = 42.31 GPa) are the compounds with the best D and P among the designed compounds, which are higher than RDX and HMX, and are potential candidates for new high-energy materials. METHODS With the help of Gaussian16 software and Multiwfn 3.8 package, the B3LYP method in density functional theory was selected. The 6-311G (d, p) basis set was used to optimize the structure of the 42 derivatives, and the high-precision def2-TZVPP basis set was used to calculate the energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jiani Xu
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Meihua Zhao
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jun Cao
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Peng Ma
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Congming Ma
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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Larin AA, Pivkina AN, Ananyev IV, Khakimov DV, Fershtat LL. Novel family of nitrogen-rich energetic (1,2,4-triazolyl) furoxan salts with balanced performance. Front Chem 2022; 10:1012605. [PMID: 36172000 PMCID: PMC9510683 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1012605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-rich energetic materials comprised of a combination of several heterocyclic subunits retain their leading position in the field of materials science. In this regard, a preparation of novel high-energy materials with balanced set of physicochemical properties is highly desired. Herein, we report the synthesis of a new series of energetic salts incorporating a (1,2,4-triazolyl) furoxan core and complete evaluation of their energetic properties. All target energetic materials were well characterized with IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, while compound 6 was further characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Prepared nitrogen-rich salts have high thermal stability (up to 232°C), good experimental densities (up to 1.80 g cm−3) and high positive enthalpies of formation (344–1,095 kJ mol−1). As a result, synthesized energetic salts have good detonation performance (D = 7.0–8.4 km s−1; p = 22–32 GPa), while their sensitivities to impact and friction are quite low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Larin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla N. Pivkina
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Centre for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Ananyev
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Khakimov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Leonid L. Fershtat,
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Chen P, Dou H, He C, Pang S. Boosting the Energetic Performance of Trinitromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole Moiety by Increasing Nitrogen-Oxygen in the Bridge. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710002. [PMID: 36077400 PMCID: PMC9456194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The trinitromethyl moiety is a useful group for the design and development of novel energetic compounds with high nitrogen and oxygen content. In this work, by using an improved nitration method, the dinitromethyl precursor was successfully nitrated to the trinitromethyl product (2), and its structure was thoroughly characterized by FTIR, NMR, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 2 has a high density (1.897 g cm−3), high heat of formation (984.8 kJ mmol−1), and a high detonation performance (D: 9351 m s−1, P: 37.46 GPa) that may find useful applications in the field of high energy density materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100871, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hui Dou
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100871, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunlin He
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100871, China
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Siping Pang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100871, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (S.P.)
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Zviagin E, Saraev V, Sysoiev D, Klepetářová B, Mazur M, Zhelavskyi O, Shliapkina Y, Müller TJJ, Chebanov V. Synthesis of 1‐(3‐(1‐substituted‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐yl)‐tetrazoles by Sequential Assembly of Azole Fragments. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Zviagin
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” NAS of Ukraine 60 Nauky ave. Kharkiv 61072 Ukraine
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N. University Ave Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States of America
| | - Vyacheslav Saraev
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” NAS of Ukraine 60 Nauky ave. Kharkiv 61072 Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Sysoiev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 2 16610 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Klepetářová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 2 16610 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Maryna Mazur
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” NAS of Ukraine 60 Nauky ave. Kharkiv 61072 Ukraine
- Department of Chemistry V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 4 Svobody sq. Kharkiv 61022 Ukraine
| | - Oleksii Zhelavskyi
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” NAS of Ukraine 60 Nauky ave. Kharkiv 61072 Ukraine
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N. University Ave Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States of America
| | - Yuliia Shliapkina
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” NAS of Ukraine 60 Nauky ave. Kharkiv 61072 Ukraine
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chem. und Makromolekulare Chem Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1 Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany
| | - Valentyn Chebanov
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” NAS of Ukraine 60 Nauky ave. Kharkiv 61072 Ukraine
- Department of Chemistry V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 4 Svobody sq. Kharkiv 61022 Ukraine
- Institut für Organische Chem. und Makromolekulare Chem Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1 Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany
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Sheremetev AB, Aleksandrova NS, Semyakin SS, Suponitsky KY, Lempert DB. Synthesis and Characterization of 3-(5-(Fluorodinitromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-4-nitrofurazan: A Novel Promising Energetic Component of Boron-based Fuels for Rocket Ramjet Engines. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4255-4261. [PMID: 31608576 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new energetic 1,2,4-triazole compound bearing nitrofurazanyl and fluorodinitromethyl units, which may find use as a component for rocket ramjet engines (RRE), is described. The target product was prepared in a four-step process applying oxidation/nitration/decarboxylation/fluorination reactions and is fully characterized. Its density and structural features were uniquely determined by X-ray analysis. It is shown that replacing HMX with the compound of this study in boron-based fuels gives an increase in energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei B Sheremetev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Department, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Natali S Aleksandrova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Department, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Svyatoslav S Semyakin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Department, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Kyrill Yu Suponitsky
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - David B Lempert
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russian Federation
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