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Peng Y, Li Y, Li L, Xie M, Wang Y, Butch CJ. Coating influence on inner shell water exchange: An underinvestigated major contributor to SPIONs relaxation properties. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 54:102713. [PMID: 37839694 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are heavily studied as potential MRI contrast enhancing agents. Every year, novel coatings are reported which yield large increases in relaxivity compared to similar particles. However, the reason for the increased performance is not always well understood mechanistically. In this review, we attempt to relate these advances back to fundamental models of relaxivity, developed for chelated metal ions, primarily gadolinium. We focus most closely on the three-shell model which considers the relaxation of surface-bound, entrained, and bulk water molecules as three distinct contributions to total relaxation. Because SPIONs are larger, more complex, and entrain significantly more water than gadolinium-based contrast agents, we consider how to adapt the application of classical models to SPIONs in a predictive manner. By carefully considering models and previous results, a qualitative model of entrained water interactions emerges, based primarily on the contributions of core size, coating thickness, density, and hydrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Peng
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Manman Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, China.
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Christopher J Butch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Crețu BEB, Dodi G, Shavandi A, Gardikiotis I, Șerban IL, Balan V. Imaging Constructs: The Rise of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. Molecules 2021; 26:3437. [PMID: 34198906 PMCID: PMC8201099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, an important challenge in nanomedicine imaging has been the work to design multifunctional agents that can be detected by single and/or multimodal techniques. Among the broad spectrum of nanoscale materials being investigated for imaging use, iron oxide nanoparticles have gained significant attention due to their intrinsic magnetic properties, low toxicity, large magnetic moments, superparamagnetic behaviour and large surface area-the latter being a particular advantage in its conjunction with specific moieties, dye molecules, and imaging probes. Tracers-based nanoparticles are promising candidates, since they combine synergistic advantages for non-invasive, highly sensitive, high-resolution, and quantitative imaging on different modalities. This study represents an overview of current advancements in magnetic materials with clinical potential that will hopefully provide an effective system for diagnosis in the near future. Further exploration is still needed to reveal their potential as promising candidates from simple functionalization of metal oxide nanomaterials up to medical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Elena-Beatrice Crețu
- Advanced Centre for Research-Development in Experimental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.E.-B.C.); (I.G.)
| | - Gianina Dodi
- Advanced Centre for Research-Development in Experimental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.E.-B.C.); (I.G.)
| | - Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter-Biomass Transformation Lab, École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Ioannis Gardikiotis
- Advanced Centre for Research-Development in Experimental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.E.-B.C.); (I.G.)
| | - Ionela Lăcrămioara Șerban
- Physiology Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Vera Balan
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Sun T, Liu Y, Zhou C, Zhang L, Kang X, Xiao S, Du M, Xu Z, Liu Y, Liu G, Gong M, Zhang D. Fluorine-mediated synthesis of anisotropic iron oxide nanostructures for efficient T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7638-7647. [PMID: 33928960 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00338k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we developed a novel strategy for the shape-controlled synthesis of iron oxide nanostructures with superior r2 values through the introduction of fluoride ions as a morphology controlling agent and dopant. The selective adsorption of fluoride ions onto the specified crystal planes of iron oxide nanocrystals leads to the formation of octapod nanoparticles (ONPs) and cubic nanocrystal clusters (CNCs). Both ONPs and CNCs present high r2 values (526.5 and 462.2 mM-1 s-1, respectively) due to the synergistic effect of a larger effective radius, clustering and fluorine doping. The in vivo MRI results show significant enhancement in T2-weighted images of the liver after the intravenous injection of ONPs and CNCs, suggesting their great potential as efficient T2-weighted MRI contrast agents. This new approach of achieving anisotropic fluorine-doped iron oxide nanostructures with high r2 relaxivity provides an alternative strategy for the development of highly sensitive T2 contrast agents for MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Yiding Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, PR China.
| | - Chunyu Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Xun Kang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Shilin Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Mengmeng Du
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Zhongsheng Xu
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Mingfu Gong
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
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Xie M, Wang Z, Lu Q, Nie S, Butch CJ, Wang Y, Dai B. Ultracompact Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with a Monolayer Coating of Succinylated Heparin: A New Class of Renal-Clearable and Nontoxic T 1 Agents for High-Field MRI. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53994-54004. [PMID: 33210906 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a new magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (MION) with a succinylated heparin monolayer coating, which exhibits the highest T1 relaxivity at 7 T and the lowest r2/r1 reported for any MION at these high-field conditions. While the recent proliferation of 7 T MRI instruments in hospitals worldwide has enabled widespread access to higher quality, more finely detailed, diagnostic imaging, clinically available contrast agents have not kept pace due to the general phenomenon of reduced efficacy of T1 relaxation as magnetic field strength is increased. Development of new MION agents is one strategy to address this need, and to this end, we demonstrate the in vitro magnetic properties of the MIONs reported here to extend to in vivo applications, providing greatly increased contrast in tumor imaging in a murine xenograft subject at 7 T. While MION-based contrast agents can have side effects in clinical application, these are generally thought to be less than those of gadolinium-based agents and here are further reduced by the small size allowing direct glomerular filtration from the blood followed by renal-excretion. Finally, we show the succinylated heparin monolayer coating to provide class leading magnetic properties over a homologous series of particles with core size ranging from 2 to 18 nm and show the properties to be strongly related to the surface area. We suggest the increased porosity and hydrophilicity of the coating to increase water accessibility to the surface resulting in the increased magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shuming Nie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Christopher J Butch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
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