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Bueno SLA, Leonardi A, Kar N, Chatterjee K, Zhan X, Chen C, Wang Z, Engel M, Fung V, Skrabalak SE. Quinary, Senary, and Septenary High Entropy Alloy Nanoparticle Catalysts from Core@Shell Nanoparticles and the Significance of Intraparticle Heterogeneity. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18873-18885. [PMID: 36255141 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Colloidally prepared core@shell nanoparticles (NPs) were converted to monodisperse high entropy alloy (HEA) NPs by annealing, including quinary, senary, and septenary phases comprised of PdCuPtNi with Co, Ir, Rh, Fe, and/or Ru. Intraparticle heterogeneity, i.e., subdomains within individual NPs with different metal distributions, was observed for NPs containing Ir and Ru, with the phase stabilities of the HEAs studied by atomistic simulations. The quinary HEA NPs were found to be durable catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, with all but the PdCuPtNiIr NPs presenting better activities than commercial Pt. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for PdCuPtNiCo and PdCuPtNiIr surfaces (the two extremes in performance) found agreement with experiment by weighting the adsorption energy contributions by the probabilities of each active site based on their DFT energies. This finding highlights how intraparticle heterogeneity, which we show is likely overlooked in many systems due to analytical limitations, can be leveraged toward efficient catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L A Bueno
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University─Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana47405, United States
| | - Alberto Leonardi
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility, UKRI-Science and Technical Facility Council, Harwell Science Campus, Didcot, OX11 0YJOxfordshire, U.K
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nabojit Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University─Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana47405, United States
| | - Kaustav Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University─Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana47405, United States
| | - Xun Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University─Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana47405, United States
| | - Changqiang Chen
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 104 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois61801, United States
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 104 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois61801, United States
| | - Michael Engel
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058Erlangen, Germany
| | - Victor Fung
- School of Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332, United States
| | - Sara E Skrabalak
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University─Bloomington, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana47405, United States
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Li X, Haunold T, Werkovits S, Marks LD, Blaha P, Rupprechter G. CO Adsorption and Disproportionation on Smooth and Defect-Rich Ir(111). THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:6578-6589. [PMID: 35493699 PMCID: PMC9036526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CO adsorption and dissociation on "perfect" and "defect-rich" Ir(111) surfaces were studied by a combination of surface-analytical techniques, including polarization-dependent (PPP and SSP) sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy, low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), Auger electron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. CO was found to be ordered and tilted from the surface normal at high coverage on the "perfect" surface (e.g., θ = 30° at 0.70 ML), whereas it was less ordered and preferentially upright (θ = 4-10°) on the "defect-rich" surface for coverages of 0.55-0.70 ML. SFG, LEED, and XPS revealed that CO adsorption at low pressure/high temperature and high pressure/low temperature was reversible. In contrast, upon heating to ∼600 K in near mbar CO pressure, "perfect" and even more "defect-rich" Ir(111) surfaces were irreversibly modified by carbon deposits, which, according to DFT, result from CO disproportionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Haunold
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Werkovits
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Laurence D. Marks
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern
University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter Blaha
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Rupprechter
- Institute
of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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Xiao F, Wang YC, Wu ZP, Chen G, Yang F, Zhu S, Siddharth K, Kong Z, Lu A, Li JC, Zhong CJ, Zhou ZY, Shao M. Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006292. [PMID: 33749011 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid progress of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) has boosted the hydrogen economy concept via diverse energy applications in the past decades. For a holistic understanding of the development status of PEMFCs and AMFCs, recent advancements in electrocatalyst design and catalyst layer optimization, along with cell performance in terms of activity and durability in PEMFCs and AMFCs, are summarized here. The activity, stability, and fuel cell performance of different types of electrocatalysts for both oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction are discussed and compared. Research directions on the further development of active, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts to meet the ultimate commercialization of PEMFCs and AMFCs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shangqian Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kumar Siddharth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhijie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Aolin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Jin-Cheng Li
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Chuan-Jian Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Zhi-You Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Energy Institute, and Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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Li X, Pramhaas V, Rameshan C, Blaha P, Rupprechter G. Coverage-Induced Orientation Change: CO on Ir(111) Monitored by Polarization-Dependent Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:18102-18111. [PMID: 32855760 PMCID: PMC7444014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c04986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-dependent sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy was applied to study the adsorption of carbon monoxide (CO) on the well-ordered (annealed) Ir(111) single-crystal surface at various CO coverages. Coverage was adjusted by varying the substrate temperature (300-575 K) and/or gas pressure (10-7 to 1.0 mbar). Under all conditions investigated, only a single absorption band at 2038-2094 cm-1 was observed, characteristic of linearly bonded (on-top) CO. Using different polarizations, PPP and SSP spectra were acquired with a high signal-to-noise ratio, whereby tilt angles of CO on Ir(111) could be determined for the first time by SFG. It was found that not only the vibrational frequency of on-top CO but also the tilt angle was strongly coverage-dependent. The higher the coverage was, the larger the vibrational frequency and the tilt angle were. At about 0.7 ML coverage, a CO tilt angle of at least 20° was observed, which is in good agreement with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In addition, the molecular hyperpolarizability ratio (R) of CO (at 0.13 ML in UHV) was determined to be 0.08. Based on the combined SFG/DFT results, it may change to 0.29 at 0.77 ML coverage.
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Cao X, Wang G, Wang K, Guo L, Cao Y, Cao X, Yang Y. Organic Phosphorous and Calcium Source Induce the Synthesis of Yolk-Shell Structured Microspheres of Calcium Phosphate with High-Specific Surface Area: Application in HEL Adsorption. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:69. [PMID: 32232586 PMCID: PMC7105591 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03298-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Yolk-shell-structured calcium phosphate microspheres have a great potential for medical applications due to their excellent physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. However, developing a yolk-shell-structured calcium phosphate with high adsorption capability remains a challenge. Herein, a porous yolk-shell-structured microsphere (ATP-CG) of calcium phosphate with high-specific surface area [SBET = 143 m2 g-1, which is approximately three times as high as that of ATP-CL microspheres synthesized by replacing calcium source with calcium L-lactate pentahydrate (CL)] was successfully synthesized by using adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt (ATP) as the phosphorous source and calcium gluconate monohydrate (CG) as calcium source through a self-templating approache. The influences of molar ratio of Ca to P (Ca/P), hydrothermal temperature, and time on the morphology of ATP-CG microspheres were also investigated. It is found that the organic calcium source and organic phosphorous source play a vital role in the formation of yolk-shell structure. Furthermore, a batch of adsorption experiments were investigated to illuminate the adsorption mechanism of two kinds of yolk-shell-structured microspheres synthesized with different calcium sources. The results show that the adsorption capacity of ATP-CG microspheres (332 ± 36 mg/g) is about twice higher than that of ATP-CL microspheres (176 ± 33 mg/g). Moreover, the higher-specific surface area caused by the calcium source and unique surface chemical properties for ATP-CG microspheres play an important role in the improvement of HEL adsorption capability. The study indicates that the as-prepared yolk-shell-structured microsphere is promising for application in drug delivery fields and provides an effective approach for improving drug adsorption capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshuo Cao
- College of Life Science and Pharmacy, School of Materials Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Centre, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Guizhen Wang
- College of Life Science and Pharmacy, School of Materials Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Centre, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Guo
- College of Life Science and Pharmacy, School of Materials Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Centre, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- College of Life Science and Pharmacy, School of Materials Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Centre, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianying Cao
- College of Life Science and Pharmacy, School of Materials Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Centre, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Life Science and Pharmacy, School of Materials Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Food Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Centre, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
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Yin L, Ding X, Wei W, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Xu K, Zhao Z, Zhao H, Yu T, Yang T. Improving catalysis for electrochemical water splitting using a phosphosulphide surface. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00295j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A yolk–shell-structured porous phosphosulphide catalyst exhibits superior activities towards the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions in water splitting in an alkaline electrolyte.
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