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Kim J, Ahn SB, Hong S, Kim KS, Ko EHE, Jo IJ, Chang J, Kim M, Lee W, Lee H. Intracellular Dynamics-Resolved Label-Free Scattering Reveals Real-Time Metabolism of Single Bacteria. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8225-8232. [PMID: 37650605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscopic investigation of bacterial cells is essential to reveal their physiological status, impacting all cellular functions. Currently, this requires labeled probes or targeted staining procedures. Herein, we report a new bacterial feature, intracellular dynamics-resolved Rayleigh scattering (IDRS), that visualizes spatiotemporal cytoplasmic transitions in unlabeled bacteria and characterizes their real-time physiological status in 10 s. From single-bacterium IDRS signals, we discovered unique spatial patterns and their multiple transitions in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The magnitude of IDRS signal variation highly correlated with the metabolic status of bacteria, differentiating persistent subpopulations. This is also the first report demonstrating distinct real-time metabolic conditions of unlabeled drug-resistant bacteria that are exposed to different doses of antibiotics. Our strategy opens up a way to simultaneously trace in situ metabolic and antibiotic resistance statuses, which can be applied in single-cell level control of bacterial metabolism and efficacy with a heterogeneous nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwoo Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Bin Ahn
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Esther Ha-Eun Ko
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - I Jeong Jo
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - JuOae Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Meehyein Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Haemi Lee
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
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Noh K, Jeong EJ, An T, Shin JS, Kim H, Han SB, Kim M. The efficacy of a 2,4-diaminoquinazoline compound as an intranasal vaccine adjuvant to protect against influenza A virus infection in vivo. J Microbiol 2022; 60:550-559. [PMID: 35437625 PMCID: PMC9014970 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvants are substances added to vaccines to enhance antigen-specific immune responses or to protect antigens from rapid elimination. As pattern recognition receptors, Toll-like receptors 7 (TLR7) and 8 (TLR8) activate the innate immune system by sensing endosomal single-stranded RNA of RNA viruses. Here, we investigated if a 2,4-diaminoquinazoline-based TLR7/8 agonist, (S)-3-((2-amino-8-fluoroquinazolin-4-yl)amino)hexan-1-ol (named compound 31), could be used as an adjuvant to enhance the serological and mucosal immunity of an inactivated influenza A virus vaccine. The compound induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages. In a dose-response analysis, intranasal administration of 1 µg compound 31 together with an inactivated vaccine (0.5 µg) to mice not only enhanced virus-specific IgG and IgA production but also neutralized influenza A virus with statistical significance. Notably, in a virus-challenge model, the combination of the vaccine and compound 31 alleviated viral infection-mediated loss of body weight and increased survival rates by 40% compared with vaccine only-treated mice. We suggest that compound 31 is a promising lead compound for developing mucosal vaccine adjuvants to protect against respiratory RNA viruses such as influenza viruses and potentially coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungseob Noh
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy An
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Shin
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Bong Han
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Meehyein Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Lee S, Kim J, Baek K, Kim NH, Hyun JK, Park SJ, Lee H. Concurrent Imaging of Surface-Enhanced Raman and Mie Scattering from Built-in Nanogap Plasmonic Particles. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5889-5896. [PMID: 34143636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a bimodal imaging method that can spatially resolve and concurrently correlate SERS and background-free Mie scattering signals. By examining two types of nanoparticle assemblies with different types of plasmonic junctions, namely raspberry-like metamolecules (raspberry-MMs) containing intraparticle nanogaps and groups of Au nanocubes forming interparticle gaps, we were able to rapidly screen SERS-active particles among the entire population of nanoparticles. Ratiometric analysis of SERS/Mie scattering revealed distinct behaviors for these intra- and interparticle nanogaps. In particular, raspberry-MMs showed a high fraction of SERS-active particles with the SERS intensity essentially insensitive to the nanoparticle aggregation state and a predictable environmental dependence. In comparison, nanocube clusters exhibited highly heterogeneous SERS/Mie scattering ratios and unpredictable intensity fluctuations but higher maximum SERS intensity. This dual-imaging approach constitutes an in situ visualization tool that enables simultaneous and stoichiometric analysis of dual signals consisting of elastic and inelastic scattering, which can significantly improve the reliability of SERS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jungwoo Kim
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
- Center for National R&D Budget Strategy, Korea Institute of Science & Technology Evaluation and Planning (KISTEP), 1339 Wonjung-ro, Eumseong-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 27740, Korea
| | - Kyungnae Baek
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kim
- Center for Convergent research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Jerome K Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Haemi Lee
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
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