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Jeong D, Oh W, Park JW. 3D-Continuous Nanoporous Covalent Framework Membrane Nanoreactors with Quantitatively Loaded Ultrafine Pd Nanocatalysts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309490. [PMID: 38651888 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The confinement effect of catalytic nanoreactors containing metal catalysts within nanometer-sized volumes has attracted significant attention for their potential to enhance reaction rate and selectivity. Nevertheless, unregulated catalyst loading, aggregation, leaching, and limited reusability remain obstacles to achieving an efficient nanoreactor. A robust and durable catalytic membrane nanoreactor prepared by incorporating palladium nanocatalysts within a 3D-continuous nanoporous covalent framework membrane is presented. The reduction of palladium precursor occurs on the pore surface within 3D nanochannels, producing ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with their number density adjustable by varying metal precursor concentrations. The precise catalyst loading enables controlling the catalytic activity of the reactor while preventing excess metal usage. The facile preparation of Pd NP-loaded free-standing membrane materials allows hydrodechlorination in both batch and continuous flow modes. In batch mode, the catalytic activity is proportional to the loaded Pd amount and membrane area, while the membrane retains its activity upon repeated use. In continuous mode, the conversion remains above 95% for over 100 h, with the reactant solution passing through a single 50 µm-thick Pd-loaded membrane. The efficient nanoporous film-type catalytic nanoreactor may find applications in catalytic reactions for small chemical devices as well as in conventional chemistry and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jeong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Bukgu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Wangsuk Oh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Bukgu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Bukgu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
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Peng Y, Bian Z, Wang F, Li S, Xu S, Wang H. Electrocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol on metal-free cathode: Superoxide radical (O 2•-) production via molecular oxygen activation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132797. [PMID: 37865078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Although metal-free electrodes in molecular oxygen-activated Fenton-like wastewater treatment technologies have been developed, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation mechanisms are still not sufficiently clear. As a typical example of refractory phenolic wastewater, p-nitrophenol (PNP) has been widely studied. This study demonstrated the critical role of superoxide radicals (O2•-) in PNP degradation by metal-free electrodes through electron spin resonance (ESR), ROS quenching, and density functional theory (DFT) tests. The most superior metal-free electrode exhibited a mass activity of approximately 133.5 h-1 gcatalyst-1. Experimental and theoretical studies revealed the mechanism of O2•- generation via oxygen activation, including one- and three-electron transfer pathways, and found that O2•- mainly attacked the nitro group of PNP to degrade and transform the pollutant. This study enhances the mechanistic understanding of metal-free materials in the electrochemical degradation of refractory pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Peng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Zhaoyong Bian
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Shunlin Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shiwei Xu
- Beijing Capital Eco-Environment Protection Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Mu D, Li Z, Yu S, Liu S. Hydrodechlorination of chlorophenols with methanol as hydrogen donor over carbon nanotube supported Pd-catalysts. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen Y, Feng C, Wang W, Liu Z, Li J, Liu C, Pan Y, Liu Y. Electronic structure engineering of bimetallic Pd-Au alloy nanocatalysts for improving electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination performance. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Adsorption Behavior and Electron Structure Engineering of Pd-IL Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mao Z, Liu L, Yang HB, Zhang Y, Yao Z, Wu H, Huang Y, Xu Y, Liu B. Atomically dispersed Pd electrocatalyst for efficient aqueous phase dechlorination reaction. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zhang Y, Yu C, Hu X, Yu J, Mao Z, Wu H, Shi M, Liu Q, Xu Y. Why does Pd-catalyzed electrochemical hydrodechlorination proceed much slower than hydrodechlorination using hydrogen gas? Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wang Q, Zhou L, Chen Q, Mao M, Jiang W, Long Y, Fan G. Oxygenated functional group-driven spontaneous fabrication of Pd nanoparticles decorated porous carbon nanosheets for electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination of 4-chlorophenol. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124456. [PMID: 33223316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have been committed to reducing the hazardous pollutants by developing efficient catalysts while ignoring the pollution caused by the use of toxic surface capping agents, reductants and/or organic solvents in the catalyst preparation process. To alleviate such problems, we here report a novel one-step oxygenated functional group-driven electroless deposition strategy to synthesize clean and uniformly distributed Pd nanoparticles (NPs) using porous carbon nanosheets (PCN) as both substrates and reducing agents. It is observed that the oxygenated functional groups enriched PCN possesses a low work function and allows the spontaneous reduction of PdCl42- ions to Pd NPs deposited on the PCN support (Pd/PCN). The particle size of Pd NPs can be flexibly modulated by simply controlling the immersing time and thereby their maximum catalytic performances can be achieved. Specifically, the optimal Pd/PCN-08 with a Pd loading of 3.0 wt% shows an excellent activity with a turnover frequency of 0.38 min-1 for electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination (ECH) of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), superior to the previously reported materials. The stability of Pd/PCN-08 for 4-CP ECH is impressive in repetitive cycles. This work proposes a facile and efficient strategy to synthesize high-performance catalysts for detoxifying the hazardous organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Lingxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Mingyue Mao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Weidong Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China
| | - Yan Long
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Guangyin Fan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China.
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Huang D, Chen Y, Cheng M, Lei L, Chen S, Wang W, Liu X. Carbon Dots-Decorated Carbon-Based Metal-Free Catalysts for Electrochemical Energy Storage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2002998. [PMID: 33354855 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the past ten years, carbon dots-decorated, carbon-based, metal-free catalysts (CDs-C-MFCs) have become the fastest-growing branch in the metal-free materials for energy storage field. However, the further development of CDs-C-MFCs needs to clear up the electronic transmission mechanism rather than primarily relying on trial-and-error approaches. This review presents systematically and comprehensively for the first time the latest advances of CDs-C-MFCs in supercapacitors and metal-air batteries. The structure-performance relationship of these materials is carefully discussed. It is indicated that carbon dots (CDs) can act as the electron-rich regions in CDs-C-MFCs owing to their unique properties, such as quantum confinement effects, abundant defects, countless functional groups, etc. More importantly, specific doping can effectively modify the charge/spin distribution and then facilitate electron transfer. In addition, present challenges and future prospects of the CDs-C-MFCs are also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Yashi Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Lei Lei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Sha Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Xigui Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
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10
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The Effect of Shape-Controlled Pt and Pd Nanoparticles on Selective Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Trichloroethylene. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tailoring the shape of nanoscale materials enables obtaining morphology-controlled surfaces exhibiting specific interactions with reactants during catalytic reactions. The specifics of nanoparticle surfaces control the catalytic performance, i.e., activity and selectivity. In this study, shape-controlled Platinum (Pt) and Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles with distinct morphology were produced, i.e., cubes and cuboctahedra for Pt and spheres and polyhedra/multiple-twins for Pd, with (100), (111 + 100), curved/stepped and (111) facets, respectively. These particles with well-tuned surfaces were subsequently deposited on a Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) support. The morphological characteristics of the particles were determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while their adsorption properties were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of CO adsorbed at room temperature. The effect of the nanoparticle shape and surface structure on the catalytic performance in hydrodechlorination (HDCl) of trichloroethylene (TCE) was examined. The results show that nanoparticles with different surface orientations can be employed to affect selectivity, with polyhedral and multiply-twinned Pd exhibiting the best ethylene selectivity.
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