1
|
Eskandari M, Jadidi K, Notash B. Substrate-Controlled Diastereo- and Enantiodivergent Synthesis of Bis-Spirocyclopropyloxindoles from Available Isatin as a Single Starting Material. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5254-5274. [PMID: 37083424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The first diastereo- and enantiodivergent asymmetric synthesis of new bis-spirocyclopropyloxindole scaffolds has been accomplished from the readily available isatin as a single starting material. Four rel-(1R,2R,3R), rel-(1S,2S,3R), rel-(1R,2R,3S), and rel-(1S,2S,3S) configurations of desired products were constructed in excellent enantiopurity via a simple switch in substrates using the chiral auxiliary-controlled method. The absolute configuration of cycloadducts with three contiguous quaternary/tertiary stereogenic centers was confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis. A facile synthesis of versatile precursor 3-chlorooxindoles was also introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Eskandari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Khosrow Jadidi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Behrouz Notash
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Asmari Bardazard K, Shahrestani N, Zamani A, Eskandari M, Jadidi K, Hamzehloueian M, Notash B. Regioselective synthesis of enantiopure 1,2- and 1,3-dispirooxindoles along with a DFT study. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2143-2161. [PMID: 36799076 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02311c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a library of important enantiopure dispirooxindole [indolizidine, pyrrolizidine, and pyrrolidine] derivatives with three or four contiguous and two quaternary stereogenic centers using different amino acids (pipecolic acid, sarcosine, proline and hydroxyproline) were synthesized in high yields (up to 96%) through a regio- and diastereoselective (up to 99 : 1) multicomponent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition strategy. Based on the results, the alteration of amino acids led to a change in the regioselectivity and unusual regioisomers (pyrrolizidine versus indolizidine/pyrrolidine) were obtained to construct a novel enantiopure 1,3-dispirooxindole skeleton. The stereochemical outcome of the cycloaddition was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE) test confirmed the enantiomeric purity of the desired products. The mechanism and differences in the regioselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions between the stable azomethane ylides obtained from ninhydrin, pipecolinic acid, and proline with (E)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylideneacetyl sultam were theoretically studied through DFT calculations at the M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level in methanol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Asmari Bardazard
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Naeimeh Shahrestani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Amirhosein Zamani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Eskandari
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | - Khosrow Jadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
| | | | - Behrouz Notash
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 19839 69411, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Su R, Xie K, Liang Y, Houk KN, Liu F. Fluoro, Trifluoromethyl, and Trifluoroacetyl Substituent Effects on Cycloaddition Reactivities: Computations and Analysis. J Org Chem 2023; 88:893-900. [PMID: 36583991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The importance of fluoro and trifluoromethyl substituents in drug effectiveness prompted the computational exploration of fluorine-containing substituents in valuable synthetic cycloadditions. Diels-Alder or 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of typical reactants, cyclopentadiene, N-phenyldiazoacetamide, tetrazine, and N-phenylsydnone involving fluorine-containing substituents (F, CF3, and COCF3) were studied with M06-2X density functional theory. Inductive and conjugative effects influence normal and inverse electron-demand reactions differently. These results provide a guide to the design and use of cycloadditions for the introduction of fluoro and trifluoromethyl substituents in synthetic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Su
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| | - Kaili Xie
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| | - Yong Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Novel Spiro-pyrrolizidine-Oxindole and Spiropyrrolidine-Oxindoles: Green synthesis Under Classical, Ultrasonic, and Microwave Conditions and Molecular Docking Simulation for antitumor and type 2 diabetes. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
|
5
|
Velasco-Juárez E, Arpa EM. A novel partitioning scheme for the application of the distortion/interaction - activation strain model to intramolecular reactions. Theor Chem Acc 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-021-02803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe distortion/interaction or activation strain model, developed by Houk and Bickelhaupt, relates chemical reactivity to the reagents deformations and reciprocal electronic influences. However, in its original formulation, it struggles to elucidate the mechanistic insights of intramolecular reactions, those unimolecular processes in which two parts of a molecule, the reaction centers, linked by a connector, are brought together to yield a different chemical species. Here we present a modification of the distortion/interaction procedure for its application on intramolecular reactions. This new procedure allows the calculation of the influence exerted by the connector over the reaction pathway in an indirect way, from the distortions of the two reaction centers and their interaction energy. This procedure does not include additional, undesired interactions and offers the possibility of calculating very large connectors in a computationally inexpensive way. We applied this methodology in the normal electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction of 1,3,8-nonatriene derivatives, with different functionalizations and connector lengths. In-depth analysis of the IRC showed that the reaction pathway can be subdivided in three main regions, what we called the oncoming, conversion and relaxation phases, each of them characterized by different evolutions of the distortion and interaction energies, and with clear geometry changes. We suggest that this new formulation can provide additional information for intramolecular reactions, especially to those processes for which the connector is said to play a crucial role in the observed reaction rates.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yamazaki K, Gabriel P, Di Carmine G, Pedroni J, Farizyan M, Hamlin TA, Dixon DJ. General Pyrrolidine Synthesis via Iridium-Catalyzed Reductive Azomethine Ylide Generation from Tertiary Amides and Lactams. ACS Catal 2021; 11:7489-7497. [PMID: 34306810 PMCID: PMC8291578 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
An
iridium-catalyzed reductive generation of both stabilized and
unstabilized azomethine ylides and their application to functionalized
pyrrolidine synthesis via [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition reactions
is described. Proceeding under mild reaction conditions from both
amide and lactam precursors possessing a suitably positioned electron-withdrawing
or a trimethylsilyl group, using 1 mol% Vaska’s complex [IrCl(CO)(PPh3)2] and tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDS) as a terminal
reductant, a broad range of (un)stabilized azomethine ylides were
accessible. Subsequent regio- and diastereoselective, inter- and intramolecular
dipolar cycloaddition reactions with variously substituted electron-deficient
alkenes enabled ready and efficient access to structurally complex
pyrrolidine architectures. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations
of the dipolar cycloaddition reactions uncovered an intimate balance
between asynchronicity and interaction energies of transition structures,
which ultimately control the unusual selectivities observed in certain
cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Gabriel
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Graziano Di Carmine
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Pedroni
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Mirxan Farizyan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Biswas RG, Singh VK. Direct enantioselective synthesis of pyrrolizidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
8
|
Chithiraikumar C, Ponmuthu KV, Harikrishnan M, Malini N, Sepperumal M, Siva A. Efficient base-free asymmetric one-pot synthesis of spiro[indoline-3,3′-pyrrolizin]-2-one derivatives catalyzed by chiral organocatalyst. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
9
|
Arvinnezhad H, Ghorbani F, Khosravi H, Jadidi K, Notash B, Naderi S. Exo/endo stereocontrolled synthesis of spiroindoloindolizidines by using classical and microwave conditions via the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Ghorbani
- Department of chemistryShahid Beheshti University, G.C. Tehran Iran
| | - Hormoz Khosravi
- Department of chemistryShahid Beheshti University, G.C. Tehran Iran
| | - Khosrow Jadidi
- Department of chemistryShahid Beheshti University, G.C. Tehran Iran
| | - Behrouz Notash
- Department of chemistryShahid Beheshti University, G.C. Tehran Iran
| | - Soheila Naderi
- Department of chemistryShahid Beheshti University, G.C. Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shahrestani N, Tovfighmadar K, Eskandari M, Jadidi K, Notash B, Mirzaei P. Synthesis of Highly Enantioenriched Bis‐spirooxindole Pyrrolizidine/Pyrrolidines through Asymmetric [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naeimeh Shahrestani
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Kolsoum Tovfighmadar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Mehdi Eskandari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Khosrow Jadidi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Behrouz Notash
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| | - Peiman Mirzaei
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesDepartment of ChemistryShahid Beheshti University G.C. Tehran 1983963113 Iran
| |
Collapse
|