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Rajput D, Jan G, Karuppasamy M, Bhuvanesh N, Nagarajan S, Maheswari CU, Menéndez JC, Sridharan V. Rapid Assembly of Functionalized 2 H-Chromenes and 1,2-Dihydroquinolines via Microwave-Assisted Secondary Amine-Catalyzed Cascade Annulation of 2- O/ N-Propargylarylaldehydes with 2,6-Dialkylphenols. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11778-11792. [PMID: 37556760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, secondary amine-catalyzed cascade annulation of 2-O/N-propargylarylaldehydes with 2,6-dialkylphenols was established to access biologically relevant functionalized 2H-chromenes and 1,2-dihydroquinolines tethered with a synthetically useful p-quinone methide scaffold in high yields under microwave irradiation and conventional heating conditions. The microwave-assisted strategy was convenient, clean, rapid, and high yielding in which the reactions were completed in just 15 min, and the yields obtained were up to 95%. This highly atom-economical domino process constructed two new C-C double bonds and a six-membered O/N-heterocyclic ring in a single synthetic operation. Its mechanism process was rationalized as involving sequential iminium ion formation, nucleophilic addition, and intramolecular annulation steps. Furthermore, the synthesized 2H-chromene derivatives were transformed into valuable indeno[2,1-c]chromenes, 5H-indeno[2,1-c]quinolines, and oxireno[2,3-c]chromene via a palladium-catalyzed double C-H bond activation process and epoxidation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Rajput
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu 181143, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Gowsia Jan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu 181143, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Muthu Karuppasamy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu 181143, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Subbiah Nagarajan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - C Uma Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu 181143, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Annes SB, Perumal K, Anandhakumar K, Shankar B, Ramesh S. Transition-Metal-Free Dehydrogenation of Benzyl Alcohol for C-C and C-N Bond Formation for the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine and Pyrazoline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2023; 88:6039-6057. [PMID: 37125502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of cascade reactions that produce a range of functionalized aromatic heterocyclic compounds with pyrazole/pyrazoline cores have been developed. The method relies on a metal-free dehydrogenative process to produce in-situ benzaldehydes. The produced benzaldehyde was then allowed to react with some other substances, including acetophenone, pyrazole amine, and phenylhydrazine. The intermediate produced from these substrates underwent several chemical processes, including electrocyclization, the aza-Diels-Alder reaction, and the formation of intramolecular C-N bonds. These positive outcomes would open up the possibility of producing biologically active pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine and pyrazoline derivatives through a variety of possible reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sesuraj Babiola Annes
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karuppaiah Perumal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalaiselvan Anandhakumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhaskaran Shankar
- Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai 625 015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subburethinam Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
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Dimethyl Sulfoxide-Assisted, Iodine- and Ascorbic Acid-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthetic Approach for Constructing Highly Substituted Pyrazolo[1,5- a]quinoline Thioether Derivatives. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13856-13872. [PMID: 36215433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A dimethyl sulfoxide-assisted and iodine/ascorbic acid-catalyzed simple approach to pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline thioether derivatives 22 is described. The compounds were identified using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. The pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline thioether was synthesized in a stepwise fashion through aryl sulfenylation and benzannulation strategies. The generated heteroaryl thioether compounds 23 were exposed to the benzannulation path to produce pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline thioether 22. The benzannulation reaction proceeds by way of diazotization of the pyrazole amine derivative 23, radical generation by the removal of nitrogen, and eventually trapping of the aryl radical with the support of phenylacetylene 19. A catalytic amount of ascorbic acid aided the benzannulation reaction. There were several other control studies conducted, including trapping reactions with isopropenyl acetate, tetramethylpiperidine N-oxyl reactions, and reactions without phenylacetylene. Since a change in the substitution has previously demonstrated substantial bioactivity, the core structure of pyrazole was evaluated for functional group tolerance. A reasonable mechanism is then proposed, accompanied by the support of control experiments and scope. A Suzuki reaction was used to create an aryl/heteroaryl compound 35 from one of the synthesized compounds 22b. In the controlled oxidation reaction paths, molecule 22a was selectively transformed into the corresponding sulfoxide 32 and sulfone 33.
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Jan G, Kumar A, Karuppasamy M, Rajput D, Slathia N, Kapoor KK, Sridharan V. Microwave-assisted one-pot two-step imine formation-hetero-Diels-Alder-detosylation/aromatization sequence: direct access to dibenzo[ b, h][1,6]naphthyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7472-7482. [PMID: 36102029 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01216b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A microwave-assisted, copper-catalyzed, one-pot, two-step reaction is established to access functionalized [1,6]naphthyridines in high yields (up to 96%) starting from 2-(N-propargylamino)benzaldehydes and arylamines. This rapid and operationally simple sequential reaction allowed the construction of two new heterocyclic rings and three new (2 C-C and 1 C-N) bonds in a single synthetic operation. This reaction tolerated various electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents well and delivered the desired products in a shorter reaction time under microwave irradiation. This reaction proceeds through a sequential imine formation, intramolecular [4 + 2] hetero-Diels-Alder reaction, and air oxidation, followed by detosylation-aromatization steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowsia Jan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu-181143, J&K, India.
| | - Atul Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu-181143, J&K, India.
| | - Muthu Karuppasamy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu-181143, J&K, India.
| | - Diksha Rajput
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu-181143, J&K, India.
| | - Nancy Slathia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, J&K, India
| | - Kamal K Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, J&K, India
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), District-Samba, Jammu-181143, J&K, India.
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DAVOODI ELHAM, TAHANPESAR ELHAM, MASSAH AHMADREZA. Synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo-octahydroxanthenes utilizing nanodiatomite@melamine-SO3H as a novel heterogeneous catalyst under solvent-free conditions. J CHEM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-022-02065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Chen Z, Zeng P, Zhang S, Sun J. Recent Advances in Organic Synthesis of 3-Amino- or 4-Aminocoumarins. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x18666211001124004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Coumarin is a privileged scaffold that contains the unique 2H-chromen-2-one motif, and its
derivatives are widely distributed in nature, especially in plants. In recent years, due to their diverse
pharmacological activities and remarkable photochemical properties, they have attracted significant
attention from scientists, which has also prompted the research on the synthesis approaches and the
availability of substrates for these compounds. This article is a brief description of the methods for the
synthesis of various coumarin derivatives via two- or multi-component reactions involving 3-amino
or 4-aminocoumarin reported during 2015-2021. This review may help expand the development of
various analogues with coumarin as the basic unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Synthesis, Zhejiang University
of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Piaopiao Zeng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Synthesis, Zhejiang University
of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Synthesis, Zhejiang University
of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Synthesis, Zhejiang University
of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
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Li C, Zhang F, Li T, Liu Z, Shen Z. A facile three‐component catalyst‐free strategy: Synthesis of indeno[1,2‐b][1,6]naphthyridine‐1,10(2H)‐dione derivatives in water. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Li
- Shaoxing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Furen Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 508 West Huancheng Road 312000 Shaoxing CHINA
| | - Tianci Li
- Zhejiang University of Technology Zhaohui Campus: Zhejiang University of Technology College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Zhejiang University of Technology Zhaohui Campus: Zhejiang University of Technology College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhenlu Shen
- Zhejiang University of Technology Zhaohui Campus: Zhejiang University of Technology College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
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Soares MIL, Cardoso AL, Pinho e Melo TMVD. Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Reactions in Sustainable Media. Molecules 2022; 27:1304. [PMID: 35209094 PMCID: PMC8876200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction is one of the most powerful strategies for the construction of six-membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic systems, in most cases with high regio- and stereoselectivity. In this review, an insight into the most relevant advances on sustainable Diels-Alder reactions since 2010 is provided. Various environmentally benign solvent systems are discussed, namely bio-based derived solvents (such as glycerol and gluconic acid), polyethylene glycol, deep eutectic solvents, supercritical carbon dioxide, water and water-based aqueous systems. Issues such as method's scope, efficiency, selectivity and reaction mechanism, as well as sustainability, advantages and limitations of these reaction media, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. L. Soares
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Centre–Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | | | - Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Centre–Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
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El-Nassan HB. Amberlyst 15®: An Efficient Green Catalyst for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021070125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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11
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Lavanya M, Lin C, Mao J, Thirumalai D, Aabaka SR, Yang X, Mao J, Huang Z, Zhao J. Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Functionalized 1,6-Naphthyridines. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:13. [PMID: 33624162 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The burgeoning interest in synthesis and biological applications of 1,6-naphthyridines reflects the importance of 1,6-naphthyridines in the synthetic as well as medicinal chemistry fields. Specially, 1,6-naphthyridines are pharmacologically active, with variety of applications such as anticancer, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), anti-microbial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Although collective recent synthetic developments have paved a path to a wide range of functionalized 1,6-naphthyridines, a complete correlation of synthesis with biological activity remains elusive. The current review focuses on recent synthetic developments from the last decade and a thorough study of the anticancer activity of 1,6-naphthyridines on different cancer cell lines. Anticancer activity has been correlated to 1,6-naphthyridines using the literature on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) along with molecular modeling studies. Exceptionally, at the end of this review, the utility of 1,6-naphthyridines displaying activities other than anticancer has also been included as a glimmering extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallu Lavanya
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jincheng Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China.
| | | | - Sreenath Reddy Aabaka
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China
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Chakraborty B, Kar A, Chanda R, Jana U. Application of the Povarov Reaction in Biaryls under Iron Catalysis for the General Synthesis of Dibenzo[ a, c]Acridines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9281-9289. [PMID: 32588630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A modified Povarov reaction involving 2'-alkynylbiaryl-2-carbaldehydes and aryl amines with tandem oxidation was performed using catalytic FeCl3. The outcome was an efficient general synthesis of dibenzo[a,c]acridines with moderate to high yields. This method offers simplicity in the preparation of substrates, diverse substrate scope, and high atom economy. The generality of the protocol was verified by synthesizing a tribenzo[a,c,h]acridine derivative. Photophysical properties of the synthesized compounds were also studied. The compounds absorb UV light typically in the range 230-330 nm and emit in the visible range of 400-420 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baitan Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhishek Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupsa Chanda
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Umasish Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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Ultrasonic promoted synthesis of 1,6-naphthyridine derivatives catalyzed by solid acid in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Vachan BS, Karuppasamy M, Jan G, Bhuvanesh N, Maheswari CU, Sridharan V. Direct Access to Bridged Tetrahydroquinolines and Chromanes via an InCl 3-Catalyzed Sequential Three-Component Cascade. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8062-8073. [PMID: 32452689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A sequential three-component cascade process was developed for the synthesis of bridged tetrahydroquinolines and chromanes bearing 2,6-methanobenzo[d][1,3]diazocine and 2,6-methanobenzo[g][1,3]oxazocine scaffolds, respectively, in good yields from readily available materials. The InCl3-catalyzed reaction progressed via enamine formation, Michael addition, intramolecular cyclization, and intramolecular iminium ion cyclization steps. Notably, this high atom economic approach (-2H2O) allowed the generation of four new bonds (1 C-C and 3 C-N or 1 C-C, 1 C-O and 2 C-N) and two heterocyclic rings in a single operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Vachan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthu Karuppasamy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gowsia Jan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Samba, Jammu 181143, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - C Uma Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Samba, Jammu 181143, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Muthukrishnan I, Karuppasamy M, Vachan BS, Rajput D, Subbiah N, Uma Maheswari C, Sridharan V. Chemodivergent synthesis of functionalized methanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocin-13-ylmethanones and tetrahydroquinolines via solvent-dependent AB2 and A2B2 multicomponent annulation reactions. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A solvent-dependent chemodivergent approach was developed for the synthesis of 6,12-methanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocin-13-ylmethanones and 2,3,4-trisubstituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines involving two distinct AB2 and A2B2 multicomponent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isravel Muthukrishnan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur-613401
- India
| | - Muthu Karuppasamy
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur-613401
- India
| | - B. S. Vachan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur-613401
- India
| | - Diksha Rajput
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Jammu
- Jammu-181143
- India
| | - Nagarajan Subbiah
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Warangal-506004
- India
| | - C. Uma Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur-613401
- India
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur-613401
- India
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