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Hamzi I. Colorimetric and Fluorometric N-Acylhydrazone-based Chemosensors for Detection of Single to Multiple Metal Ions: Design Strategies and Analytical Applications. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03748-z. [PMID: 38856800 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The development of optical sensors for metal ions has gained significant attention due to their broad applications in biology, the environment, and medicine. Colorimetric and fluorometric detection methods are particularly valued for their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, high detection limits, and analytical power. Among various chemical probes, the hydrazone functional group stands out for its extensive study and utility, owing to its ease of synthesis and adaptability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of N-acylhydrazone-based probes, serving as highly effective colorimetric and fluorometric chemosensors for a diverse range of metal ions. Probes are categorized into single-ion, dual-ion, and multi-ion chemosensors, each further classified based on the detected metal(s). Additionally, the review discusses detection modes, detection limits, association constants, and spectroscopic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hamzi
- Laboratoire de Catalyse Et Synthèse en Chimie Organique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Tlemcen, B.P.119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tlemcen, 12 B P 123 Hamri Ahmed, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
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Zhu S, Yang L, Zhao Y. Ethyl 3-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate Derived Ratiometric Schiff Base Fluorescent Sensor for the Recognition of In 3+ and Pb 2. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-023-03576-7. [PMID: 38206512 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
An ethyl 3-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate derived ratiometric Schiff base fluorescent sensor R was devised and synthesized. R exhibited a highly sensitive and selective ratiometric response to In3+ in DMF/H2O tris buffer solution. R exhibited a colorimetric/fluorescent dual-channel response to In3+. More importantly, R can distinguish In3+ from Ga3+ and Al3+ in less than 5 min. R exhibited a good linear correlation with the concentration of In3+ in the 5-25 μM range and the limit of detection for In3+ was found to be 8.36 × 10-9 M. According to the job`s plot and MS spectra, R formed a complex with In3+ at 1:2 with a complexation constant of 8.24 × 109 M2. Based on Gaussian theory calculations, the response mechanism of R to In3+ can be explained by photo-induced electron transfer (PET) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanisms. In addition, R can be used for the detection of indium in tap water with satisfactory recoveries. Meanwhile, R displayed a linear relationship to micromolar concentrations (0-50 μM) of Pb2+ and recognized Pb2+ in a ratiometric response with a detection limit of 8.3 × 10-9 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Liangru Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Mujthaba Aatif A, Selva Kumar R, Joseph S, Vetriarasu V, Abdul Majeed S, Ashok Kumar S. Pyridinecarbohydrazide-based fluorescent chemosensor for In3+ ions and its applications in water samples, live cells, and zebrafish imaging. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Das S, Das M, Laha S, Rajak K, Choudhuri I, Bhattacharyya N, Samanta BC, Maity T. Development of moderately fluorescence active salen type chemosensor for judicious recognition and quantification of Zn(II), Al(III) and SO4=: Demonstration of molecular logic gate formation and live cell images studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Umabharathi P, Karpagam S. Thiazole-Formulated Azomethine Compound for Three-Way Detection of Mercury Ions in Aqueous Media and Application in Living Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24638-24645. [PMID: 35874226 PMCID: PMC9301703 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions are extremely poisonous and cause long-term harm to living organisms. Among these ions, mercury is the most toxic metal and has no notorious purpose in the human body. In this regard, an elegant azomethine thiazole compound AM1 was synthesized, and it was found to be highly sensitive to three-way detection of mercury ions with detection limits of 0.1126 × 10-9 M (FL) and 0.64 × 10-6 M (UV-vis). AM1 highlighted the capability to detect mercury ions through the colorimetric method, the fluorometric method, and via the naked eye in three-way detection. In addition, the structure of AM1 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies and crystallized in a monoclinic crystal system with a P21/c space group, and it shows numerous noncovalent interactions in the crystal packing. The high sensitivity of AM1 to Hg2+ ions was imputed to the quenching mechanism and was estimated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorbance, fluorescence (FL) emission, Job's plot, B-H plot, and DFT calculation. Naked eye color change of AM1 solution to yellow and turn-off FL by the addition of mercury ion is due to complex formation. In addition to mercury ions, the sensor displayed a new absorption peak at around 240 nm. Furthermore, an AM1-coated test strip is used as the solid support sensor, and real-time detection of Hg2+ ions in the HeLa cell line by fluorescence microscopy is performed.
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Aggarwal R, Hooda M, Kumar P, Jain N, Dubey GP, Chugh H, Chandra R. Visible-Light-Prompted Synthesis and Binding Studies of 5,6-Dihydroimidazo[2,1- b]thiazoles with BSA and DNA Using Biophysical and Computational Methods. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3952-3966. [PMID: 35235320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fused heterocyclic systems containing a bridgehead nitrogen atom have emerged as imperative pharmacophores in the design and development of new drugs. Among these heterocyclic moieties, the imidazothiazole scaffold has long been used in medicinal chemistry for the treatment of various diseases. In this study, we have established a simplistic and environmentally safe regioselective protocol for the synthesis of 5,6-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives from easily available reactants. The reaction proceeds through in situ formation of the α-bromodiketones ensuing trap with imidazolidine-2-thione to provide these versatile bicyclic heterocycles in excellent yields. The synthesized compounds were screened through the molecular docking approach for the most stable complex formation with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA). The selected compound was further studied using ex vivo binding studies, which revealed moderate interactions with BSA and ctDNA. The binding studies were performed using biophysical approaches including UV-visible spectroscopy, steady-state fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), and viscosity parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India.,CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Mona Hooda
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Prince Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Naman Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Heerak Chugh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
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Shaji LK, Kumar SKA. A quinoline-benzothiazole-based chemosensor coupled with a smartphone for the rapid detection of In 3+ ions. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:620-626. [PMID: 35060981 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01767e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A newly designed quinoline-benzothiazole probe 2-((Z)-((E)-benzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-ylidenehydrazono)methyl)quinolin-8-ol (L) was synthesized by reacting 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carbaldehyde with 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole and structurally characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The sensing ability of probe L was studied with various cations using colorimetry, test paper strips, a red-green-blue (RGB) model and UV-visible spectrophotometry in DMSO : H2O (3 : 7, v/v). The pale yellow colour of L turns into orange on contact with In3+ ions, whereas other tested metal ions did not show any change in colour. The probe L exhibits an absorbance band at 360 nm due to ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT); upon interaction with In3+ ions, it exhibits a band at 445 nm due to ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT). The probe L binds In3+ in a 2 : 1 ratio with an association constant of 8.1 × 105 M-1 and this is established using the Job's and Benesi-Hildebrand (B-H) methods. The probe L can work in the pH range of 4-8 without interfering with other competing ions. It can be used to detect quantities as low as 2.3 ppb and 85 ppb by spectrophotometry and RGB, respectively. The binding mechanism was studied by 1H NMR titration, ESI mass and FT-IR spectral analysis and well supported by theoretical studies. Overall, probe L demonstrates promising potential for the detection of In3+ ions in the semi-aqueous phase and this is its first report as a colorimetric chromogenic probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyana K Shaji
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - S K Ashok Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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A Novel Donor-Acceptor Fluorescent Sensor for Zn 2+ with High Selectivity and its Application in Test Paper. J Fluoresc 2020; 30:1567-1574. [PMID: 32852731 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-020-02609-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel donor-acceptor fluorescent sensor was designed and synthesized. The sensor exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity to Zn2+ in acetonitrile solution. When 3.0 equiv. of Zn2+ was added gradually, the emission intensity at 500 nm increased 54-fold, accompanied by the fluorescent color of the solution changed from dark to green. Job's plot and ESI-MS were carried out to verify a 1:1 stoichiometric complex was formed between the sensor and Zn2+. The limit of detection (LOD) to Zn2+ was measured to be 2.81 × 10-9 mol L-1. Moreover, the sensor not only could be used to detect Zn2+ in practical water samples with high accuracy, but also could be made into test paper for the qualitative detection for Zn2+.
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