Base-Dependent Divergent Carbodifluoroalkylation and Halodifluoroalkylation of Alkenes under Visible-Light Irradiation

Organic molecules containing a difluoroalkyl group are valuable and versatile chemicals because of their unique physicochemical and biological properties. Accordingly, the development of efficient and practical difluoroalkylation for the preparation of these compounds is important and attractive. Herein, we demonstrate photoredox-catalyzed and base-dependent selective carbodifluoroalkylation and halodifluoroalkylation of alkenes using readily available 2-(allyloxy)arylaldehydes [or 2-(allylamino)arylaldehydes] and XCF2COOEt (or BrCF2CONR1R2) as starting materials. The developed reaction enables convenient and accurate synthesis of difluoroalkylated chroman-4-ones and aldehydes and features broad substrate scope, mild conditions, and operational simplicity. Moreover, gram-scale product preparation and application of the title protocol in late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutical molecules are accomplished.

Directed C(sp3)-H Arylation of Free α-Aminophosphonates: Dual Models Exploration via Palladium Catalysis

In this report, we present the dual activation models for transient directing group-directed and amino-self-directed Pd-catalyzed α-aminophosphonate side-chain C(sp3)-H arylation. Both strategies showed facile, efficient, and single regioselectivity in the reaction between free α-aminophosphonates and aryl iodides. Furthermore, the modification of amino and late-stage functionalization of the C(sp3)-P bond from products indicates potential applications for α-aminophosphonates.

Promising reagents for difluoroalkylation

This review describes recent advances in difluoroalkylation reactions using different substrates.