1
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Aravindan N, Jeganmohan M. One-Pot Synthesis of Benzo[ c]phenanthridine Alkaloids from 7-Azabenzonorbornadienes and Aryl Nitrones. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37200493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids via a synergistic combination of C-C bond formation and a cycloaromatization reaction is described. Aryl nitrones react with 7-azabenzonorbornadienes in the presence of a Rh(III) catalyst, providing pharmaceutically useful benzo[c]phenanthridine derivatives in good to moderate yields. Using this methodology, highly useful alkaloids such as norfagaronine, norchelerythrine, decarine, norsanguinarine, and nornitidine were prepared in a single step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasingan Aravindan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
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2
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Pounder A, Neufeld E, Myler P, Tam W. Transition-metal-catalyzed domino reactions of strained bicyclic alkenes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:487-540. [PMID: 37153643 PMCID: PMC10155623 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents a comprehensive overview of transition-metal-catalyzed domino reactions of strained bicyclic alkenes, including both homo- and heterobicyclic alkenes. These compounds are important synthons in organic synthesis, providing an important platform for the construction of biologically/medicinally significant compounds which bear multiple stereocenters. The review has been divided according to the metal used in the reaction. An overview of the substrate scope, reaction conditions, and their potential applications in organic synthesis is discussed. A comprehensive outlook on the reactivity paradigms of homo- and heterobicyclic alkenes is discussed and should shed light on future directions for further development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Pounder
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Eric Neufeld
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Peter Myler
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - William Tam
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
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3
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Chang J, Wang C, Yang S, Shi L, Zhang Y, Liu W, Meng J, Zeng J, Zhang R, Liu N, Xing D. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of diarylpyrazole derivatives as antitumor agents targeting microtubules. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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4
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Kumaran S, Parthasarathy K. Rhodium-Catalyzed Annulations and Heck Coupling/Aza-Michael Addition for the Synthesis of Benzothiadiazinoisoquinoline 6,6-Dioxides and Benzothiadiazinoisoindole 5,5-Dioxides, Respectively. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11989-12000. [PMID: 36049131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new and efficient protocol has been demonstrated for the synthesis of benzothiadiazinoisoquinoline 6,6-dioxides and benzothiadiazinoisoindole 5,5-dioxides in good to excellent yields. These compounds are formed through a sequential Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H cyclization of dihydrophenylbenzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides with alkynes and oxidative Heck coupling/aza-Michael addition of dihydrophenylbenzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides with acrylates, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramani Kumaran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Tamilnadu, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Kanniyappan Parthasarathy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Tamilnadu, Chennai 600025, India
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5
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Ghosh S, Pyne P, Ghosh A, Hajra A. Ortho C-H Functionalizations of 2-Aryl-2H-Indazoles. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200158. [PMID: 35866505 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
C-H Functionalization is ubiquitously considered as a powerful, efficient and handy tool for installing various functional groups in complex organic heterocycles in an easier and step-economic way. Similarly, indazole is endowed as a potent heterocycle and is eminent for its profound impact in biological, medicinal and industrial chemistry. In this scenario, C-H functionalization at the selective ortho position of 2-arylindazole in assistance of a metal catalyst is also becoming an appealing approach in synthetic organic chemistry. This review addressed the recent findings and developments on ortho C-H functionalization of 2-aryl-2H-indazazoles with literature coverage extending from 2018 to May 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Pranjal Pyne
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Anogh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, India
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6
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Sun L, Zhao Y, Liu B, Chang J, Li X. RhodiumIII-Catalyzed Remote Difunctionalization of Arenes Assisted by a Relay Directing Group. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7347-7354. [PMID: 35799802 PMCID: PMC9214915 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02205b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed diverse tandem twofold C-H bond activation reactions of para olefin-tethered arenes have been realized, with unsaturated reagents such as internal alkynes, dioxazolones, and isocyanates being the coupling partner as...
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincong Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Yuyao Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Bingxian Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Xingwei Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
- Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong University Qingdao 250100 China
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7
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Wang XY, Li Y, Shi L, Zhu X, Hao XQ, Song MP. Palladium-catalyzed C–H acetoxylation of 2-arylindazoles. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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8
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Sarkar T, Shah TA, Maharana PK, Talukdar K, Das BK, Punniyamurthy T. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Directing Group Assisted (Hetero)aryl C-H Functionalization: Construction of C-C/C-Heteroatom Bonds. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3758-3778. [PMID: 34164920 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization is one of the fascinating scientific fronts in organic synthesis for the formation of conjugated arenes and has emerged as a benchmark to revolutionize the synthetic enterprise since past decades. In this realm, chelation-guided functionalization of C-H bonds using an exogenous directing group has received considerable attention recently for the expedient regioselective construction of C-C and C-heteroatom bonds as an efficient and sustainable alternative. This article outlines our contribution towards a wide variety of transformations that have been achieved by the directed C-H functionalization through the fine tuning of catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanumay Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039
| | - Tariq A Shah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | | | - Kangkan Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039
| | - Bijay Ketan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039
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9
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Brandes DS, Sirvent A, Mercado BQ, Ellman JA. Three-Component 1,2-Carboamidation of Bridged Bicyclic Alkenes via Rh III-Catalyzed Addition of C-H Bonds and Amidating Reagents. Org Lett 2021; 23:2836-2840. [PMID: 33739839 PMCID: PMC8026749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A three-component method is described for the preparation of syn-1,2-disubstituted bridged bicyclic compounds. The reaction was demonstrated for readily available aromatic and heteroaromatic C-H bond substrates with tertiary and secondary amide, lactam, pyrazole, and triazole directing groups and a variety of bridged bicyclic alkenes, including norbornene, benzonorbornadiene, oxygen- and nitrogen-bridged analogs, and an unsaturated tropinone. A broad dioxazolone scope was also observed. The use of a chiral Cp-derived RhIII catalyst enables asymmetric synthesis of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Brandes
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Ana Sirvent
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Brandon Q Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jonathan A Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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10
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Khalili D, Evazi R, Neshat A, Aboonajmi J. Copper(I) Complex of Dihydro Bis(2‐Mercapto Benzimidazolyl) Borate as an Efficient Homogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2
H
‐Indazoles and 5‐Substituted 1
H
‐Tetrazoles. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Khalili
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences Shiraz University Shiraz 71467-13565 Iran
| | - Roya Evazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences Shiraz University Shiraz 71467-13565 Iran
| | - Abdollah Neshat
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Jasem Aboonajmi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences Shiraz University Shiraz 71467-13565 Iran
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11
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Banerjee A, Kundu S, Bhattacharyya A, Sahu S, Maji MS. Benzannulation strategies for the synthesis of carbazoles, indolocarbazoles, benzocarbazoles, and carbolines. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00092f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review presents a critical and authoritative analysis of several exciting benzannulation approaches developed in the past decade for the construction of carbazoles, indolocarbazoles, benzocarbazoles, and carbolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Samrat Kundu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Arya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Samrat Sahu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
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12
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Ghosh AK, Ghosh P, Hajra A. Rhodium-Catalyzed Directed C(sp 2)-H Bond Addition of 2-Arylindazoles to N-Sulfonylformaldimines and Activated Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15752-15759. [PMID: 33185096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed directed C-H functionalization of 2-arylindazoles with N-sulfonylformaldimines has been developed to provide a variety of N-benzylarylsulfonamide derivatives with good to excellent yields. Different activated aldehydes like ethyl glyoxalate and 2,2,2-trifluoroacetaldehyde also efficiently underwent nucleophilic addition with 2-arylindazoles. These selective transformations occur through the control of C3 nucleophilicity of indazole moiety. Mechanistic studies suggest that C-H activation step may be a rate-limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Payel Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India
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13
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Li J, Shi L, Zhang SP, Wang XY, Zhu X, Hao XQ, Song MP. Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Cyanation of 2 H-Indazole with N-Cyano- N-phenyl- p-toluenesulfonamide. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10835-10845. [PMID: 32692175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A Rh(III)-catalyzed direct cyanation of 2H-indazoles with N-cyano-N-phenyl-p-toluenesulfonamide has been realized via a chelation-assisted strategy. The methodology enables regioselective access to various ortho-cyanated phenylindazoles in good yields with a broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility. The obtained cyanated indazoles could further be converted into other value-added chemicals. Importantly, the current protocol is featured with several characteristics, including a novel cyanating agent, good regioselectivity, and operational convenience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Shi
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Ping Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinju Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
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14
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Ghosh P, Samanta S, Hajra A. Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed ortho-C-H amidation of 2-arylindazoles with a dioxazolone as an amidating reagent. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1728-1732. [PMID: 32009136 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02756d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method for the directed amidation of a wide range of 2-arylindazoles has been established for the first time through a rhodium-catalyzed C-H activation reaction with alkyl, aryl and heteroaryl dioxazolones. A series of N-(2-(2H-indazol-2-yl)phenyl)acetamide derivatives were synthesized in excellent yields. A mechanistic study was conducted to describe C-H bond cleavage which is likely to be involved in the rate determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sadhanendu Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India.
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India.
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15
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Li H, Guo W, Jiang J, Wang J. Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Directed C−H Bond Naphthylation with 7‐Azabenzonorbornadiene as the Naphthylating Reagent. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Honghe Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Weicong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jijun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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16
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Banerjee S, Vivek Kumar S, Punniyamurthy T. Site-Selective Rh-Catalyzed C-7 and C-6 Dual C–H Functionalization of Indolines: Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrrolocarbazoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2793-2805. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonbidya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Sundaravel Vivek Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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17
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Vivek Kumar S, Banerjee S, Punniyamurthy T. Transition metal-catalyzed coupling of heterocyclic alkenes via C–H functionalization: recent trends and applications. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00279h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic alkenes and their derivatives are an important class of reactive feedstock and valuable synthons. This review highlights the transition-metal-catalyzed coupling of heterocyclic alkenes via a C–H functionalization strategy.
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