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Ramzan M, Jamshaid T, Ali L, Dawar K, Saba R, Jamshaid U, Fahad S, Salmen SH, Ansari MJ, Danish S, Hareem M, Saif H, Shahzad K. Modulation of sunflower growth via regulation of antioxidants, oil content and gas exchange by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and quantum dot biochar under chromium stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:629. [PMID: 38062351 PMCID: PMC10704615 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) toxicity significantly threatens sunflower growth and productivity by interfering with enzymatic activity and generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Zinc quantum dot biochar (ZQDB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have become popular to resolve this issue. AMF can facilitate root growth, while biochar tends to minimize Cr mobility in soil. The current study aimed to explore AMF and ZQDB combined effects on sunflower plants in response to Cr toxicity. Four treatments were applied, i.e. NoAMF + NoZQDB, AMF + 0.40%ZQDB, AMF + 0.80%ZQDB, and AMF + 1.20%ZQDB, under different stress levels of Cr, i.e. no Cr (control), 150 and 200 mg Cr/kg soil. Results showed that AMF + 1.20%ZQDB was the treatment that caused the greatest improvement in plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, number of leaves per plant, achenes per head, 1000 achenes weight, achene yield, biological yield, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and oleic acid, relative to the condition NoAMF + No ZQDB at 200 mg Cr/kg soil. A significant decline in peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) while improvement in ascorbate peroxidase (APx), oil content, and protein content further supported the effectiveness of AMF + 1.20%ZQDB against Cr toxicity. Our results suggest that the treatment AMF + 1.20%ZQDB can efficiently alleviate Cr stress in sunflowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musarrat Ramzan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Talha Jamshaid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Ali
- Cholistan institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Khadim Dawar
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Saba
- Department of Biological Science, University of Thal Bhakkar, Bhakkar, Pakistan
| | - Usama Jamshaid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Des Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Saleh H Salmen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (MJP Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Moradabad, 244001, India
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Misbah Hareem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The Woman University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hina Saif
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The Woman University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Khurrum Shahzad
- Department of Soil Science, Water and Marine Sciences, Lasbela university of Agriculture, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
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Nayak D, Choudhary RB. Tuning the optical properties of high quantum-yield g-C 3N 4 with the inclusion of ZnS via FRET for high electron-hole recombination. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 289:122162. [PMID: 36516514 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent polymeric graphitic composites have the potential to be efficient energy converters for sophisticated displays and light sources. Thermal condensation is used to synthesize g-C3N4-ZnS composites. The XRD, and FTIR analyses confirmed the synthesis of the pure host, filler, and composites. FESEM, and TEM images revealed that the ZnS nanosheets were evenly distributed over the g-C3N4 sheets. As a result of ZnS incorporation, the melting point of g-C3N4 has been raised to 748.5 °C, and the thermal stability of gZ has been increased by 27 %. The optimized gZ15 band gap is determined to be 2.98 eV with a crystallite size of 4.2 nm and a micro stain of 35.42 × 10-3. With a purity of 63.4 %, gZ15 demonstrated a significant rate of recombination in the blue region. gZ15 has a high PLQY of 98 % and a FRET efficiency of 92%. All of the improved properties demonstrated that polymeric g-C3N4-ZnS was the optimum materials for usage in the active or emissive layer of optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashish Nayak
- Nanostructured Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Ram Bilash Choudhary
- Nanostructured Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
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Alwany AB, Youssef GM, Saleh EE, Algradee MA, Alnakhlani A, Hassan B. Effect of lead doping on the structural, optical, and radiation shielding parameters of chemically synthesized ZnS nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE: MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS 2023; 34:233. [DOI: 10.1007/s10854-022-09647-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Sakthivel P, Kavi Rasu K, Prasanna Venkatesan GKD, Viloria A. Influence of Ag + and Mn 2+ ions on structural, optical and photoluminescence features of ZnS quantum dots. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 241:118666. [PMID: 32650246 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study deals with the structural, morphological, elemental, optical and photoluminescence behaviors of Ag+, Mn2+ dual doped ZnS quantum dots (QDs). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) studies confirmed the cubic structure and size of the crystallites (~2 nm). The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) photographs portrayed the surface and morphological structure of prepared samples. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR) ensured the presence of Zn, Ag, Mn and, S in the samples as per the anticipated stoichiometry ratio. The UV-visible spectra showed a red shift in optical absorption and band gap gets narrowed due to the incorporation of Ag+ ions. The size effect has overcome the quantum confinement effect in this case. Through photoluminescence (PL) studies, a weak UV emission and strong red wavelength emissions were received and discussed on the basis of sulfur vacancies. This red emission was dealt in terms of d-electrons transition between host and dopant ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sakthivel
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - K Kavi Rasu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamilnadu, India
| | - G K D Prasanna Venkatesan
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamilnadu, India
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