1
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Effect of sodium incorporation into Fe-Zn catalyst for Fischer- Tropsch synthesis to light olefins. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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2
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Revisiting the Syngas Conversion to Olefins over Fe-Mn Bimetallic Catalysts: Insights from the Proximity Effects. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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3
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A Review on Green Hydrogen Valorization by Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Captured CO2 into Value-Added Products. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic hydrogenation of captured CO2 by different industrial processes allows obtaining liquid biofuels and some chemical products that not only present the interest of being obtained from a very low-cost raw material (CO2) that indeed constitutes an environmental pollution problem but also constitute an energy vector, which can facilitate the storage and transport of very diverse renewable energies. Thus, the combined use of green H2 and captured CO2 to obtain chemical products and biofuels has become attractive for different processes such as power-to-liquids (P2L) and power-to-gas (P2G), which use any renewable power to convert carbon dioxide and water into value-added, synthetic renewable E-fuels and renewable platform molecules, also contributing in an important way to CO2 mitigation. In this regard, there has been an extraordinary increase in the study of supported metal catalysts capable of converting CO2 into synthetic natural gas, according to the Sabatier reaction, or in dimethyl ether, as in power-to-gas processes, as well as in liquid hydrocarbons by the Fischer-Tropsch process, and especially in producing methanol by P2L processes. As a result, the current review aims to provide an overall picture of the most recent research, focusing on the last five years, when research in this field has increased dramatically.
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4
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Alzamly A, Bakiro M, Hussein Ahmed S, Siddig LA, Nguyen HL. Linear α-olefin oligomerization and polymerization catalyzed by metal-organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Xu M, Liu X, Song G, Cai Y, Shi B, Liu Y, Ding X, Yang Z, Tian P, Cao C, Xu J. Regulating iron species compositions by Fe-Al interaction in CO2 hydrogenation. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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6
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Recent advances in application of iron-based catalysts for CO hydrogenation to value-added hydrocarbons. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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7
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Cai Z, Zhang F, Yu S, He Z, Cao X, Zhang L, Huang K. PBA-derived high-efficiency iron-based catalysts for CO 2 hydrogenation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00629d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The PBA-derived iron based catalyst effectively converts CO2 to hydrocarbons, especially C5+ hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Fenglei Zhang
- Intelligent Transportation System Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Sibing Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xinjie Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Intelligent Transportation System Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
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8
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Lee S, Seo JC, Chun HJ, Yang S, Sim EH, Lee J, Kim YT. Selective olefin production on silica based iron catalysts in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mixed phases of Fe3O4 and Fe5C2, interacting properly with SiO2, produce highly selective olefins from syngas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwoo Lee
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Cheol Seo
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joon Chun
- Corporate R&D Institute, Samsung Electro-mechanics, 150, Maeyoung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16674, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkyu Yang
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-hae Sim
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture & Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Gajeong-dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
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9
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Nasriddinov K, Min JE, Park HG, Han SJ, Chen J, Jun KW, Kim SK. Effect of Co, Cu, and Zn on FeAlK catalysts in CO2 hydrogenation to C5+ hydrocarbons. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01980e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive comparisons of Co, Cu, and Zn effects on the performance of Fe catalysts in CO2 hydrogenation to liquid hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khasan Nasriddinov
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Science, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-333, Republic of Korea
- C1 Gas Conversion Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Min
- C1 Gas Conversion Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Gu Park
- C1 Gas Conversion Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ju Han
- C1 Gas Conversion Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Science, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-333, Republic of Korea
- C1 Gas Conversion Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Won Jun
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Science, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-333, Republic of Korea
- C1 Gas Conversion Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ki Kim
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Science, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-333, Republic of Korea
- C1 Gas Conversion Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
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10
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Aqueous phase reforming of pilot-scale Fischer-Tropsch water effluent for sustainable hydrogen production. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Zhang Z, Yin H, Yu G, He S, Kang J, Liu Z, Cheng K, Zhang Q, Wang Y. Selective hydrogenation of CO2 and CO into olefins over Sodium- and Zinc-Promoted iron carbide catalysts. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Ma Z, Ma H, Zhang H, Wu X, Qian W, Sun Q, Ying W. Direct Conversion of Syngas to Light Olefins through Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Fe-Zr Catalysts Modified with Sodium. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:4968-4976. [PMID: 33644604 PMCID: PMC7905929 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fe-Zr-Na catalysts synthesized by coprecipitation and impregnation methods were implemented to investigate the promoting effects of Na and Zr on the iron-based catalyst for high-temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (HTFT). The catalysts were characterized by Ar adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, CO temperature-programmed desorption, H2 temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MES). The results indicated that Na changed the active sites on the catalyst surface for the CO and hydrogen adsorption, owing to the electron migration from Na to Fe atoms, which resulted in an enhanced CO dissociative adsorption and a decrease in hydrogen adsorption on the metallic Fe surface. The decreased H/C ratio on the catalyst surface accounted for the increased chain propagation and weakened hydrogenation of light olefins. Besides, Na could also facilitate the carbonization of catalysts and protect the iron carbide against oxidation, which provides more active sites for HTFT reaction and is beneficial to the C-C coupling. Zr could decrease the hematite crystallite size and stabilize the active phase to improve the HTFT activity. At an optimal Na loading of 1.0 wt %, the Fe-Zr-1.0Na catalyst exhibited the highest light olefin selectivity of 35.8% in the hydrocarbon distribution at a CO conversion of 95.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhunzhun Ma
- Engineering
Research Centre of Large Scale Reactor Engineering and Technology,
Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemical Engineering, East China
University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hongfang Ma
- Engineering
Research Centre of Large Scale Reactor Engineering and Technology,
Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemical Engineering, East China
University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Engineering
Research Centre of Large Scale Reactor Engineering and Technology,
Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemical Engineering, East China
University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xian Wu
- Engineering
Research Centre of Large Scale Reactor Engineering and Technology,
Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemical Engineering, East China
University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weixin Qian
- Engineering
Research Centre of Large Scale Reactor Engineering and Technology,
Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemical Engineering, East China
University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qiwen Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Coal Liquefaction and Coal Chemical Technology, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weiyong Ying
- Engineering
Research Centre of Large Scale Reactor Engineering and Technology,
Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemical Engineering, East China
University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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13
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Zhang C, Cao C, Zhang Y, Liu X, Xu J, Zhu M, Tu W, Han YF. Unraveling the Role of Zinc on Bimetallic Fe 5C 2–ZnO Catalysts for Highly Selective Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to High Carbon α-Olefins. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chenxi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xianglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weifeng Tu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yi-Fan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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14
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Yang T, Wang F, Huang J, Da Ling S, Liu S, Zhang A, Wang Y, Xu J. Efficient continuous-flow synthesis of long-chain alkylated naphthalene catalyzed by ionic liquids in a microreaction system. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00223f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A microreaction system for the synthesis of long-chain alkylated naphthalene is presented, indicating a high yield of alkylated naphthalene (>99%) could be obtained in 60 s at mild temperature (30 °C) within 5 cycles of ionic liquid catalyst reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Fajun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Jinpei Huang
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejinag 310018, P.R. China
| | - Si Da Ling
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Suli Liu
- Ningxia Coal Industry Group Co. Ltd., CHN ENERGY, Yinchuan 750011, P.R. China
| | - Angui Zhang
- Ningxia Coal Industry Group Co. Ltd., CHN ENERGY, Yinchuan 750011, P.R. China
| | - Yundong Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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15
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Yao B, Xiao T, Makgae OA, Jie X, Gonzalez-Cortes S, Guan S, Kirkland AI, Dilworth JR, Al-Megren HA, Alshihri SM, Dobson PJ, Owen GP, Thomas JM, Edwards PP. Transforming carbon dioxide into jet fuel using an organic combustion-synthesized Fe-Mn-K catalyst. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6395. [PMID: 33353949 PMCID: PMC7755904 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With mounting concerns over climate change, the utilisation or conversion of carbon dioxide into sustainable, synthetic hydrocarbons fuels, most notably for transportation purposes, continues to attract worldwide interest. This is particularly true in the search for sustainable or renewable aviation fuels. These offer considerable potential since, instead of consuming fossil crude oil, the fuels are produced from carbon dioxide using sustainable renewable hydrogen and energy. We report here a synthetic protocol to the fixation of carbon dioxide by converting it directly into aviation jet fuel using novel, inexpensive iron-based catalysts. We prepare the Fe-Mn-K catalyst by the so-called Organic Combustion Method, and the catalyst shows a carbon dioxide conversion through hydrogenation to hydrocarbons in the aviation jet fuel range of 38.2%, with a yield of 17.2%, and a selectivity of 47.8%, and with an attendant low carbon monoxide (5.6%) and methane selectivity (10.4%). The conversion reaction also produces light olefins ethylene, propylene, and butenes, totalling a yield of 8.7%, which are important raw materials for the petrochemical industry and are presently also only obtained from fossil crude oil. As this carbon dioxide is extracted from air, and re-emitted from jet fuels when combusted in flight, the overall effect is a carbon-neutral fuel. This contrasts with jet fuels produced from hydrocarbon fossil sources where the combustion process unlocks the fossil carbon and places it into the atmosphere, in longevity, as aerial carbon - carbon dioxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benzhen Yao
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
| | - Ofentse A Makgae
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Roads, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Xiangyu Jie
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
- Merton College, University of Oxford, Merton Street, Oxford, OX1 4JD, UK
| | - Sergio Gonzalez-Cortes
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Shaoliang Guan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Harwell-XPS - The EPSRC National Facility for Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Angus I Kirkland
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Roads, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
- Electron Physical Sciences Imaging Centre, Diamond Lightsource Ltd., Didcot, Oxford, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jonathan R Dilworth
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Hamid A Al-Megren
- Materials Division, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Alshihri
- Materials Division, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter J Dobson
- The Queen's College, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 4AW, UK
| | - Gari P Owen
- Annwvyn Solutions, 76 Rochester Avenue, Bromley, Kent, BR1 3DW, UK
| | - John M Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Peter P Edwards
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
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16
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Yang S, Chun HJ, Lee S, Han SJ, Lee KY, Kim YT. Comparative Study of Olefin Production from CO and CO2 Using Na- and K-Promoted Zinc Ferrite. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunkyu Yang
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joon Chun
- Corporate R&D Institute, Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd., 150, Maeyoung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16674, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ju Han
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Young Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
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