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Xie Z, Liu W, Liu Y, Song X, Zheng H, Su X, Redshaw C, Feng X. Influence of Steric Effects on the Emission Behavior of Pyrene-Based Blue Luminogens. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1681-1691. [PMID: 38207100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Pyrene-based derivatives have been widely deployed in organic luminescent materials because of their bright fluorescence, high charge carrier mobility, and facile modification. Nevertheless, the fluorescence output of conventional pyrenes is prone to quenching upon aggregation due to extensive intermolecular π-π stacking interactions. To address this issue, a set of new Y-shaped pyrene-containing luminogens are synthesized from a new bromopyrene chemical precursor, 2-hydroxyl-7-tert-butyl-1,3-bromopyrene, where the bromo and hydroxyl groups at the pyrene core can be readily modified to obtain the target products and provide great flexibility in tuning the photophysical performances. When the hydroxy group at the 2-position of pyrene was replaced by a benzyl group, the steric hindrance of the benzyl group not only efficiently inhibits the detrimental intermolecular π-π stacking interactions but also rigidifies the molecular conformation, resulting in a narrow-band blue emission. Moreover, the TPE-containing compounds 2c and 3c possessed characteristic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties with fluorescence quantum yields of up to 66% and 38% in the solid state, respectively. Thus, this article has methodically investigated the factors influencing the optical behavior, such as intermolecular interactions, and the steric effects of the substituent group, thereby opening up the potential to develop narrow-band pyrene-based blue emitters for OLED device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Xie
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Song
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Heng Zheng
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Su
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, Yorkshire, U.K
| | - Xing Feng
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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Niranjan R, Prasad GD, Achankunju S, Arockiaraj M, Velumani K, Nachimuthu K, Sundramoorthy AK, Neogi I, Nallasivam JL, Rajeshkumar V, Mahadevegowda SH. Multicomponent Reaction Based Tolyl-substituted and Pyrene-Pyridine Conjugated Isomeric Ratiometric Fluorescent Probes: A Comparative Investigation of Photophysical and Hg(II)-Sensing Behaviors. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03467-x. [PMID: 37864613 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03467-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis of pyrene conjugated 2,6-di-ortho-tolylpyridine and 2,6-di-para-tolylpyridine structural isomers were achieved efficiently through multicomponent Chichibabin pyridine synthesis reaction. The DFT, TD-DFT and experimental investigations were carried out to investigate the photophysical behaviors of the synthesized novel pyrene-pyridine based isomeric probes. Our studies revealed that, due to the continuous conjugation of the pyrene, pyridine and tolyl moieties, the dihedral angles of the trisubstituents on the central pyridine moiety significantly influences the photophysical properties of the synthesized novel pyrene based fluorescent probes. Further, we have comparatively investigated the sensing behaviors of the synthesized tolyl-substituted isomeric ratiometric fluorescent probes with metal ions, our studies reveals that both the ortho and para tolyl ratiometric fluorescent probes have distinct photoemissive properties in selectively sensing of Hg2+ ions. Our studies indicates that, the para-tolyl substituted isomer displays more red-shift in wavelength of emission band compared to its ortho isomer analogue during ratiometric fluorescent specific detection of Hg2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghvendra Niranjan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem, 534101, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - G Durga Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem, 534101, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Simi Achankunju
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Mariyaraj Arockiaraj
- Organic Synthesis & Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanumakonda, 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Kotteswaran Velumani
- Centre for Nano-Biosensors, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kiruthika Nachimuthu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok K Sundramoorthy
- Centre for Nano-Biosensors, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ishita Neogi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Jothi L Nallasivam
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatachalam Rajeshkumar
- Organic Synthesis & Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanumakonda, 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Surendra H Mahadevegowda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem, 534101, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Gu J, Shi W, Zheng H, Chen G, Wei B, Wong WY. The Novel Organic Emitters for High-Performance Narrow-Band Deep Blue OLEDs. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:26. [PMID: 37632653 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00436-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Narrow-band deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have played a key role in the field of high-quality full-color displays. However, because of the considerable challenges of inherent band gaps, unbalanced carrier injection and the lack of molecular structures, narrow-band deep-blue emitters develop slowly compared with red- and green-emitting materials. Encouragingly, with the continuous efforts of scientists in recent years, great progress has been made in the molecule design and material synthesis of highly efficient narrow-band deep-blue emitters. The typical deep-blue emitters which exhibit narrow emission with a full width at half maximum of < 50 nm are summarized in this article. They are divided into the three categories: fluorescence, phosphorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence. The methods of molecular design for realizing narrow-band deep-blue emission are described in detail and future research directions are also discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Gu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wei Shi
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Haixia Zheng
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Guo Chen
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Bin Wei
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 100872, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, 518057, Guangdong, China.
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The influence study of the number of substituted heteroaryls at the non-K region of pyrene structure on the photophysical properties based on the example of pyrene with 1-decyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole motif. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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The Impact of a 1,2,3-Triazole Motif on the Photophysical Behavior of Non-K Tetrasubstituted Pyrene with a Substitution Pattern Providing the Long Axial Symmetry. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134314. [PMID: 35807557 PMCID: PMC9268544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
1,3,6,8-Tetrasubstituted pyrene derivatives with two types of substituents (4-(2,2-dimethylpropyloxy)pyridine, 1-decyl-1,2,3-triazole, 1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazole, and pyrazole), substituted in such a way that provides the long axial symmetry, are prepared and characterized in the present study. To the best of our knowledge, the pyrene derivative containing the same heteroaryl motif (triazole) but substituted by two various alkyls, straight decyl and benzyl-based side chains (C), is reported for the first time. For comparison, compounds with one kind of triazole motif and substituted pyridine or pyrazole groups were prepared (A and B). The photophysical properties of all molecules were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV-Vis spectroscopy (absorption and emission spectra, quantum yields, and fluorescence lifetimes). The obtained results were compared to analogues substituted at the 1,3,6,8 positions by one kind of substituent and also with all the 1,3,6,8-tetrasubstituted pyrenes reported in the literature substituted by two kinds of substituents with a substitution pattern that provides long axial symmetry. In addition, theoretical studies based on DFT and TD-DFT were performed that supported the interpretation of the experimental results. The photophysical properties of tetrasubstituted pyrene derivatives having triazole units at the 1,8-positions, respectively, and other identical substituents at the 3,6 positions show the dominance of triazole units in the pyrene framework; the dominance is even higher in the case of the substitution of 1,3,6,8 positions by triazoles, but containing two various alkyls.
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Garci A, Weber JA, Young RM, Kazem-Rostami M, Ovalle M, Beldjoudi Y, Atilgan A, Bae YJ, Liu W, Jones LO, Stern CL, Schatz GC, Farha OK, Wasielewski MR, Fraser Stoddart J. Mechanically interlocked pyrene-based photocatalysts. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Karuppusamy A, Sharma A, Thomas KRJ, Kannan P. Experimental and Theoretical Investigations on Chalcones Containing Pyrene. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zych D. DFT/TD-DFT Framework of Mixed-Metal Complexes with Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Bridging Ligands-Step-By-Step Investigations: Mononuclear, Dinuclear Homometallic, and Heterometallic for Optoelectronic Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7783. [PMID: 34947376 PMCID: PMC8709181 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, mono- and dinuclear complexes have been in the interest of scientists due to their potential application in optoelectronics. Herein, progressive theoretical investigations starting from mononuclear followed by homo- and heterometallic dinuclear osmium and/or ruthenium complexes with NCN-cyclometalating bridging ligands substituted by one or two kinds of heteroaryl groups (pyrazol-1-yl and 4-(2,2-dimethylpropyloxy)pyrid-2-yl) providing the short/long axial symmetry or asymmetry are presented. Step-by-step information about the particular part that built the mixed-metal complexes is crucial to understanding their behavior and checking the necessity of their eventual studies. Evaluation by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations allowed gaining information about the frontier orbitals, energy gaps, and physical parameters of complexes and their oxidized forms. Through time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), calculations showed the optical properties, with a particular emphasis on the nature of low-energy bands. The presented results are a clear indication for other scientists in the field of chemistry and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Zych
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
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Acceptor-π-Acceptor-Acceptor/Donor systems containing dicyanovinyl acceptor group with substituted 1,2,3-triazole motif – synthesis, photophysical and theoretical studies. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zych D, Slodek A. Double NCN-cyclometalating pyrene derivatives with two kinds of substituents – Experimental and theoretical investigations. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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