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Ramírez O, Bonardd S, Saldías C, Leiva A, Díaz Díaz D. Highly efficient and reusable CuAu nanoparticles supported on crosslinked chitosan hydrogels as a plasmonic catalyst for nitroarene reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118204. [PMID: 38224938 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of CuAu-based monometallic (MNPs) and bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) supported on chitosan-based hydrogels for their application as catalysts is presented. The hydrogels consisted of chitosan chains cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (TPP) in the form of beads with an approximate average diameter of 1.81 mm. The MNPs and BNPs were obtained by the adsorption of metallic ions and their subsequent reduction with hydrazine, achieving a metallic loading of 0.297 mmol per gram of dry sample, with average nanoparticle sizes that were found between 2.6 and 4.4 nm. Both processes, metal adsorption and the stabilization of the nanoparticles, are mainly attributed to the participation of chitosan hydroxyl, amine and amide functional groups. The materials revealed important absorption bands in the visible region of the light spectra, specifically between 520 and 590 nm, mainly attributed to LSPR given the nature of the MNPs and BNPs inside the hydrogels. Subsequently, the hydrogels were evaluated as catalysts against the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) into 4-aminophenol (4AP), followed by UV-visible spectroscopy. The kinetic advance of the reaction revealed important improvements in the catalytic activity of the materials by synergistic effect of BNPs and plasmonic enhancement under visible light irradiation, given the combination of metals and the light harvesting properties of the nanocomposites. Finally, the catalytic performance of hydrogels containing BNPs CuAu 3:1 showed an important selectivity, recyclability and reusability performance, due to the relevant interaction of the BNPs with the chitosan matrix, highlighting the potential of this nanocomposite as an effective catalyst, with a potential environmental application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Ramírez
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 7820436, Chile.
| | - Sebastián Bonardd
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain; Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, 20018, Spain
| | - César Saldías
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 7820436, Chile
| | - Angel Leiva
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 7820436, Chile.
| | - David Díaz Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain.
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2
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da Silva RTP, Silva DO, de Oliveira PFM, Bellabarba R, Johnston P, Smit J, Holt J, Betham M, Rossi LM. Solvent-Free Aerobic Oxidative Cleavage of Methyl Oleate to Biobased Aldehydes over Mechanochemically Synthesized Supported AgAu Nanoparticles. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300268. [PMID: 37498229 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The performance of mechanochemically synthesized supported bimetallic AgAu nanoalloy catalysts was evaluated in the oxidative cleavage of methyl oleate, a commonly available unsaturated bio-derived raw material. An extensive screening of supports (SiO2 , C, ZrO2 , Al2 O3 ), metallic ratios (Ag : Au), reaction times, temperatures, and use of solvents was carried out. The performance was optimized towards productivity and selectivity for the primary cleavage products (aldehydes and oxoesters). The optimal conditions were achieved in the absence of solvent, using Ag8 Au92 /SiO2 as catalyst, at 80 °C, reaction time of 1 h, substrate to catalyst=555 and 10 bar of molecular oxygen. A strong support effect was observed: the selectivity to aldehydes was best with silica as support, and to esters was best using zirconia. This shows not only that mechanochemical preparation of bimetallic catalysts is a powerful tool to generate useful catalyst compositions, but also that a safe, green, solventless synthesis of bio-derived products can be achieved by aerobic oxidative cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael T P da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dagoberto O Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Joost Smit
- Johnson Matthey plc, Billingham, Cleveland TS23 4EA, UK
| | - Jarle Holt
- Johnson Matthey plc, Billingham, Cleveland TS23 4EA, UK
| | | | - Liane M Rossi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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3
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Zou Z, Zhen Z, Tang W, Zhang T, Lv L, Tang S. Microemulsion Antisolvent Extraction Strategy to Realize Adjacent Coprecipitation of Copper Acetate and Zinc Acetate for Preparing Highly Efficient Dual Site Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zongpeng Zou
- Sichuan Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Green Chemical Industry, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Ziheng Zhen
- Sichuan Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Green Chemical Industry, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Wenxiang Tang
- Sichuan Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Green Chemical Industry, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Sichuan Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Green Chemical Industry, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Li Lv
- Sichuan Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Green Chemical Industry, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
| | - Shengwei Tang
- Sichuan Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation for Green Chemical Industry, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, China
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4
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Hong D, Sharma A, Jiang D, Stellino E, Ishiyama T, Postorino P, Placidi E, Kon Y, Koga K. Laser Ablation Nanoarchitectonics of Au-Cu Alloys Deposited on TiO 2 Photocatalyst Films for Switchable Hydrogen Evolution from Formic Acid Dehydrogenation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31260-31270. [PMID: 36092562 PMCID: PMC9453982 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of H2 evolution from formic acid dehydrogenation using recyclable photocatalyst films is an essential approach for on-demand H2 production. We have successfully generated Au-Cu nanoalloys using a laser ablation method and deposited them on TiO2 photocatalyst films (Au x Cu100-x /TiO2). The Au-Cu/TiO2 films were employed as photocatalysts for H2 production from formic acid dehydrogenation under light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation (365 nm). The highest H2 evolution rate for Au20Cu80/TiO2 is archived to 62,500 μmol h-1 g-1 per photocatalyst weight. The remarkable performance of Au20Cu80/TiO2 may account for the formation of Au-rich surfaces and the effect of Au alloying that enables Cu to sustain the metallic form on its surface. The metallic Au-Cu surface on TiO2 is vital to supply the photoexcited electrons of TiO2 to its surface for H2 evolution. The rate-determining step (RDS) is identified as the reaction of a surface-active species with protons. The results establish a practical preparation of metal alloy deposited on photocatalyst films using laser ablation to develop efficient photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachao Hong
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Dianping Jiang
- Nanomaterials
Research Institute, National Institute of
Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, (AIST) 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Elena Stellino
- Physics
and Geology Department, University of Perugia, Via Alessandro Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Tomohiro Ishiyama
- Research
Institute for Energy Conservation, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, (AIST) 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Paolo Postorino
- Physics
Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Placidi
- Physics
Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Yoshihiro Kon
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kenji Koga
- Nanomaterials
Research Institute, National Institute of
Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, (AIST) 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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5
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Lucci E, Giarrusso S, Gigli G, Ciccioli A. The AuSc, AuTi, and AuFe molecules: determination of the bond energies by Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometry experiments combined with ab initio calculations. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:084303. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0094621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The AuTi gaseous molecule was for the first time identified in vapors produced at high temperature from a gold-titanium alloy. The homogeneous equilibria AuTi(g) = Au(g) + Ti(g) (direct dissociation) and AuTi(g) + Au(g) = Au2(g) + Ti(g) (isomolecular exchange) were studied by Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometry (KEMS) in the temperature range 2111 -2229 K. The so determined equilibrium constants were treated by the "third-law method" of thermodynamic analysis, integrated with theoretical calculations, and the dissociation energy at 0 K was derived as (AuTi) = 241.0 {plus minus} 5.2 kJ/mol. A similar investigation was carried out for the AuSc and AuFe species, whose dissociation energies were previously reported with large uncertainties. The direct dissociation and the isomolecular exchange with the Au2 dimer were studied in the 1969-2274 and 1842-2092 K ranges for AuSc and AuFe, respectively, and the dissociation energies derived as (AuSc) = 240.4 {plus minus} 6.0 and (AuFe) = 186.2 {plus minus} 4.2 kJ/mol. The experimental bond energies are compared with those calculated here by CCSD(T) with the correlation-consistent basis sets cc-pVXZ(-PP) and cc-pwCVXZ(-PP) (with X = T,Q,5), also in the limit of complete basis set, and with those from CASSCF-MRCI calculations, recently available in the literature. The stronger bond of AuTi compared to AuFe parallels the trend observed in monochlorides. This analogy is shown to be more generally observed in the AuM and MCl diatomic series (with M = first-row transition metal), in accordance with a picture of "pseudo-halogen" bonding behaviour of gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lucci
- University of Rome La Sapienza Department of Chemistry, Italy
| | - Sara Giarrusso
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Merced, United States of America
| | - Guido Gigli
- University of Rome La Sapienza Department of Chemistry, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciccioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, University of Rome La Sapienza Department of Chemistry, Italy
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6
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Tosun RB, Hamaloğlu KÖ, Tuncel A. Bimetallic Pd‐Au Nanoparticles Supported Monodisperse Porous Silica Microspheres as an Efficient Heterogenous Catalyst for Fast Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rukiye Babacan Tosun
- Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Division Hacettepe University 06800 Beytepe Ankara Turkey
| | | | - Ali Tuncel
- Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Division Hacettepe University 06800 Beytepe Ankara Turkey
- Chemical Engineering Department Hacettepe University 06800 Beytepe Ankara Turkey
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7
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Aragão IB, Estrada FR, Barrett DH, Rodella CB. Dispersed single-atom Co and Pd nanoparticles forming a PdCo bimetallic catalyst for CO oxidation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Catalytic activity of bimetallic nanoparticles M@Pd (M = Ni, Cu, Ag, Pt, Au) in deoxygenation of carboxylic acids: a quantum chemical evaluation. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of palladium nanocluster tags by selective introduction of gold atoms: Application for a wound infection biomarker detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 200:113926. [PMID: 34990956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an unprecedented study exploring the role that slight changes into the Pd/Au proportion have in the electrocatalytic activity of bimetallic Pd-AuNPs toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is conducted. In particular, a careful control of the amount of Au atoms introduced in the cluster and the evaluation of the optimum Pd:Au ratio for getting the maximum catalytic activity is performed for the first time. First, PdNPs are synthesized by alcohol reduction in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and gold atoms are selectively introduced on vertex or corner positions of the cluster in different amounts following a galvanic substitution procedure. Average elemental analysis done relying on EDX spectroscopy allows to evaluate the Pd:Au ratio in the Pd-AuNPs obtained. Lineal sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometry are used for the evaluation of the Pd-AuNPs electrocatalytic activity toward ORR at a neutral pH compared to PdNPs and AuNPs alone. Our results indicate that, the synergy between both metals is strongly enhanced when the amount of gold is controlled and occupies the more reactive positions of the cluster, reaching a maximum activity for the NPs containing a 30% of gold, while an excess of this metal leads to a decrease in such activity, as a shelter of the PdNPs is achieved. Chronoamperometric analysis allows the quantification of the optimal Pd-AuNPs at over 6 × 109 NPs/mL levels. Such optimal Pd-AuNPs were used as tags, taking advantage of the bio-functionalities of gold present in the cluster, in a proof-of-concept electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of hyaluronidase wound infection biomarker, using magnetic beads as platforms. Hyaluronidase was detected at levels as low as 50 ng/mL (0.02 U/mL; 437 U/mg) with good reproducibility (RSD below 8%) and selectivity (evaluated against bovine serum albumin, immunoglobulin G and lysozyme). The low matrix effects inherent to the use of magnetic bead platforms allowed us to discriminate between wound exudates with both sterile and infected ulcers without sample pre-treatment. This novel electrocatalytic immunoassay has the advantage, over common methods for NP tags electrochemical detection, of the signal generation in the same neutral medium where the immunoassay takes place (10 mM PBS pH 7.4), avoiding the use of additional and hazardous reagents, bringing it closer to their use as point-of-care devices. Overall, our findings may be of great interest not only for biosensing, but also for applications such as energy converting on fuel cells, in which the ORR has a pivotal role.
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10
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da Silva RTP, Córdoba De Torresi SI, de Oliveira PFM. Mechanochemical Strategies for the Preparation of SiO 2-Supported AgAu Nanoalloy Catalysts. Front Chem 2022; 10:836597. [PMID: 35186886 PMCID: PMC8847606 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.836597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver-gold nanoalloys were prepared from their metal salts precursors through bottom-up mechanochemical synthesis, using one-pot or galvanic replacement reaction strategies. The nanostructures were prepared over amorphous SiO2 as an inert supporting material, facilitating their stabilization without the use of any stabilizing agent. The nanomaterials were extensively characterized, confirming the formation of the bimetallic nanostructures. The nanoalloys were tested as catalysts in the hydrogenation of 2-nitroaniline and exhibited up to 4-fold the rate constant and up to 37% increased conversion compared to the respective single metal nanoparticles. Our approach is advantageous to produce nanoparticles with clean surfaces with available catalytic sites, directly in the solid-state and in an environmentally friendly manner.
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11
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Lancien A, Wojcieszak R, Cuvelier E, Duban M, Dhulster P, Paul S, Dumeignil F, Froidevaux R, Heuson E. Hybrid Conversion of
5
‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to
5
‐Aminomethyl‐
2
‐furancarboxylic acid: Toward New Bio‐sourced Polymers. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Lancien
- Univ. Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394, Joint Research Unit BioEcoAgro ICV – Institut Charles Viollette F-59000 Lille France
| | - Robert Wojcieszak
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
| | - Eric Cuvelier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
| | - Matthieu Duban
- Univ. Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394, Joint Research Unit BioEcoAgro ICV – Institut Charles Viollette F-59000 Lille France
| | - Pascal Dhulster
- Univ. Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394, Joint Research Unit BioEcoAgro ICV – Institut Charles Viollette F-59000 Lille France
| | - Sébastien Paul
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
| | - Franck Dumeignil
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
| | - Renato Froidevaux
- Univ. Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394, Joint Research Unit BioEcoAgro ICV – Institut Charles Viollette F-59000 Lille France
| | - Egon Heuson
- Univ. Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7394, Joint Research Unit BioEcoAgro ICV – Institut Charles Viollette F-59000 Lille France
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12
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Iglesias-Mayor A, Amor-Gutiérrez O, Novelli A, Fernández-Sánchez MT, Costa-García A, de la Escosura-Muñiz A. Bifunctional Au@Pt/Au core@shell Nanoparticles As Novel Electrocatalytic Tags in Immunosensing: Application for Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker Detection. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7209-7217. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Iglesias-Mayor
- NanoBioAnalysis Group- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Olaya Amor-Gutiérrez
- NanoBioAnalysis Group- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonello Novelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Plaza Feijoo s/n, 33003, Oviedo, Spain
- University Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Doctor Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María-Teresa Fernández-Sánchez
- University Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Doctor Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo, Doctor Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Agustín Costa-García
- NanoBioAnalysis Group- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alfredo de la Escosura-Muñiz
- NanoBioAnalysis Group- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
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13
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5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Furfural Base-Free Oxidation over AuPd Embedded Bimetallic Nanoparticles. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous catalytic partial oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes in the liquid phase usually needs the addition of a homogeneous base, which in turn makes the products’ recovery cumbersome, and can further induce undesired side reactions. In the present work, we propose the use of novel catalysts based on metallic Au, Pd and bimetallic AuPd nanoparticles embedded in a titanosilicate matrix. The as-prepared catalysts showed good efficiency in the base-free partial oxidation of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Au4Pd1@SiTi catalyst showed high selectivity (78%) to monoacids (namely, 5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid) at 50% 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) conversion. The selectivity even reached 83% in the case of furfural oxidation to furoic acid (at 50% furfural conversion). The performances of the catalysts strongly depended on the Au–Pd ratio, with an optimal value of 4:1. The pH of the solution was always below 3.5 and no leaching of metals was observed, confirming the stabilization of the metal nanoparticles within the titanosilicate host matrix.
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