Zhang X, Sun S, Wang S. First-principles investigation on the bonding mechanisms of two-dimensional carbon materials on the transition metals surfaces.
RSC Adv 2020;
10:43412-43419. [PMID:
35519694 PMCID:
PMC9058513 DOI:
10.1039/d0ra08984b]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the bonding mechanisms between carbon and metal atoms are crucial for experimental preparations of low-dimensional carbon materials and metal/low-dimensional carbon composites. In this work, various bonding modes are summarized through a systematical study on the adsorptions of graphene and graphyne on surfaces of typical transition metals. If a carbon atom is adjacent to a transition metal atom, the C-pz electron may form a covalent bond with a s or a d electron of the transition metal atom. When a metal atom lies below two carbon atoms of graphene or graphyne, two new covalent bonds may be formed between the metal atom and the two carbon atoms by two C-pz electrons with two d or two sd-hybridized orbital electrons of the transition metal atom. Specially, the two covalent bonds are almost identical by two sd-hybridized orbital electrons, but the two bonds should show significant differences by two d-orbital electrons. Three covalent bonds formed between three carbon atoms and one sd2-hybridized Ti atom are observed on the graphyne/Ti (0001) interface. In addition to the existing sp and sp2 hybridizations, the carbon atom may show the sp3 hybridization after graphyne adsorbs on some metals. These research results are obtained through a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption configuration, the differential charge density, and the projected of states from the first-principles calculations in the present study.
Except for the existing sp and sp2 hybridizations, the carbon shows the sp3 hybridization after graphyne adsorbs on Ti surface.![]()
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