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Fang W, Du J, Nie M, Wang X. Recent advances in flavonoid compounds for the treatment of prostate cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:653. [PMID: 38734766 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a malignant epithelial tumor of the prostate gland and is the most common malignant tumor of the male genitourinary system. Pharmacological therapies, including chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy, play a key role in the treatment of prostate cancer. However, drug resistance and side effects limit the use of these drugs and so there is a need for new drug therapies for prostate cancer patients. Flavonoids, with their wide range of sources and diverse biological activities, have attracted much attention in the field of anti-tumor drug screening. In 2016, at least 58 flavonoids were reported to have anti-prostate cancer activity. In recent years, six additional flavonoid compounds have been found to have anti-prostate cancer potential. In this review, we have collected a large amount of evidence on the anti-prostate cancer effects of these six flavonoids, including a large number of cellular experiments and a small number of preclinical animal experiments. In addition, we predicted their drug-forming properties using Schrödinger's QikProp software and ADMETlab due to the lack of in vivo pharmacokinetic data for the six compounds. In conclusion, this review has fully confirmed the anti-prostate cancer effects of these six flavonoids, summarized their mechanisms of action and predicted their druggability. It provides a reference for the further development of these compounds into anti-prostate cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Fang
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Junfang Du
- School of Yao Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 179 Mingxiudong Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Mingyi Nie
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Xueni Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 13 Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530200, China.
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Hong P, Wu M, Wei X, Xu X, Wu P, Gan L, Wu R, Jin J, Zhang K, Li D, Chen M, Wong W, Liu W, Zheng X. Inhibitory effect of liriopesides B in combination with gemcitabine on human pancreatic cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2024; 142:106937. [PMID: 37913583 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Gemcitabine (GEM) is a standard chemotherapeutic agent for patients with pancreatic cancer; however, GEM-based chemotherapy has a high rate of toxicity. A combination of GEM and active constituents from natural products may enhance its therapeutic efficacy and reduce its toxicity. This study investigated the synergistic effects of the combination of liriopesides B (LirB) from Liriope spicata var. prolifera and GEM on human pancreatic cancer cells. The results of our study showed that the combination of LirB and GEM synergistically decreased the viability of pancreatic cancer cells. The combination also caused a strong increase in apoptosis and a strong decrease in cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, LirB combined with GEM had potent inhibitory effects on pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs). Studies on the mechanisms of action showed that the combination more potently inhibited protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), as well as the downstream antiapoptotic molecules B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and survivin than either agent used alone. The results of this study suggest that the combination of LirB with GEM may improve the efficacy of GEM for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hong
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Mengshuo Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xingchuan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuetao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Rihui Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Jingwei Jin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Wingleung Wong
- Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Xi Zheng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
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Nobiletin is capable of regulating certain anti-cancer pathways in a colon cancer cell line. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:547-555. [PMID: 36454256 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Natural remedies have the potential to improve conventional cancer therapies and enhance patient outcomes. Citrus polymethoxyflavone nobiletin has been demonstrated to have anticancer effects on several cancer cell lines. In this study, the anti-cancer activity of nobiletin is investigated on Bax, Bcl-2, HO-1, VEGF, MMP-7, Akt, p70S6K, 4EBP1, tuberin, and hamartin. IC50 doses were 403.6 µM, 264 µM, and 40 µM, respectively, at 24, 48, and 72 h. Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, and p70S6K levels decreased at nobiletin concentrations greater than 100, 250, 500, and 1000 µM, respectively. Nobiletin decreased HO-1 and VEGF levels at concentrations greater than 100 µM. MMP-7 levels interestingly increased at 100 µM but decreased at doses greater than 250 µM. 4EBP1 levels increased, except from 2000 and 3000 µM nobiletin concentrations. Tuberin levels increased at 10, 50, and 3000 µM, decreased at 250 µM, and remained unchanged at the rest of the concentrations. Nobiletin decreased hamartin levels; however, this decrease was statistically significant only at 10, 100, 250, 500, and 3000 µM concentrations. Decreased Akt activity might be interpreted as nobiletin inhibiting mTORC1 activity and subsequently increased 4EBP1 and unchanged or decreased p70S6K protein levels. Akt activity can cause suppression of angiogenesis via decreased VEGF, MMP-7, and HO-1 levels at concentrations greater than 500 µM. These results are significant as a nobiletin therapy could prevent colon cancer progression by inhibiting Akt signaling and angiogenesis.
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Jeong SA, Yang C, Song J, Song G, Jeong W, Lim W. Hesperidin Suppresses the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells by Inducing Oxidative Stress and Disrupting Ca2+ Homeostasis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091633. [PMID: 36139707 PMCID: PMC9495577 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although androgen deprivation therapy is mainly used for its treatment, the mortality rate of prostate cancer remains high due to drug resistance. Hence, there is a need to discover new compounds that exhibit therapeutic effects against prostate cancer with minimum side effects. Hesperidin is a flavonoid carbohydrate isolated from citrus fruits. It has antiproliferative effects in various cancer types; however, whether it can modulate cell proliferation by modulating the key targets of cancer therapy, including intracellular signaling pathways and oxidative stress, remains unknown. Therefore, we confirmed that hesperidin suppressed the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, PC3 and DU145. Hesperidin induced cell death by regulating the cell cycle and inhibited the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a cell proliferation marker. Hesperidin also promoted the generation of reactive oxygen species and induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and endoplasmic reticulum stress in prostate cancer cells. Moreover, as hesperidin increased Ca2+ levels in prostate cancer cells, we co-treated the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor inhibitor, 2-aminoethyl diphenyl borate (2-APB), with hesperidin. Notably, 2-APB restored cell proliferation, which was reduced to control levels by hesperidin. In addition, hesperidin inhibited the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Hesperidin also enhanced the anticancer effects of the chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin, in both PC3 and DU145 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that hesperidin can be used as a potential therapeutic adjuvant in prostate cancer as it can inhibit cell proliferation by mediating oxidative stress and increasing Ca2+ levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ae Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jisoo Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (W.J.); (W.L.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3012 (G.S.); +82-33-649-7774 (W.J.); +82-31-290-5921 (W.L.)
| | - Wooyoung Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (W.J.); (W.L.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3012 (G.S.); +82-33-649-7774 (W.J.); +82-31-290-5921 (W.L.)
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (W.J.); (W.L.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3012 (G.S.); +82-33-649-7774 (W.J.); +82-31-290-5921 (W.L.)
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Poddar NK, Agarwal D, Agrawal Y, Wijayasinghe YS, Mukherjee A, Khan S. Deciphering the enigmatic crosstalk between prostate cancer and Alzheimer's disease: A current update on molecular mechanisms and combination therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166524. [PMID: 35985445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prostate cancer (PCa) are considered the leading causes of death in elderly people worldwide. Although both these diseases have striking differences in their pathologies, a few underlying mechanisms are similar when cell survival is considered. In the current study, we employed an in-silico approach to decipher the possible role of bacterial proteins in the initiation and progression of AD and PCa. We further analyzed the molecular connections between these two life-threatening diseases. The androgen deprivation therapy used against PCa has been shown to promote castrate resistant PCa as well as AD. In addition, cell signaling pathways, such as Akt, IGF, and Wnt contribute to the progression of both AD and PCa. Besides, various proteins and genes are also common in disease progression. One such similarity is mTOR signaling. mTOR is the common downstream target for many signaling pathways and plays a vital role in both PCa and AD. Targeting mTOR can be a favorable line of treatment for both AD and PCa. However, drug resistance is one of the challenges in effective drug therapy. A few drugs that target mTOR have now become ineffective due to the development of resistance. In that regard, phytochemicals can be a rich source of novel drug candidates as they can act via multiple mechanisms. This review also presents mTOR targeting phytochemicals with promising anti-PCa, anti-AD activities, and approaches to overcome the issues associated with phytochemical-based therapies in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Kumar Poddar
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India.
| | - Disha Agarwal
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Yamini Agrawal
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | | | - Arunima Mukherjee
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Shahanavaj Khan
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, NSW, Australia; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, PO Box 2457, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Lab Technology, Indian Institute of health and Technology (IIHT), Deoband, 247554 Saharanpur, UP, India.
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Kim E, Kim YJ, Ji Z, Kang JM, Wirianto M, Paudel KR, Smith JA, Ono K, Kim JA, Eckel-Mahan K, Zhou X, Lee HK, Yoo JY, Yoo SH, Chen Z. ROR activation by Nobiletin enhances antitumor efficacy via suppression of IκB/NF-κB signaling in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:374. [PMID: 35440077 PMCID: PMC9018867 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by poor response to standard therapies and therefore unfavorable clinical outcomes. Better understanding of TNBC and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. ROR nuclear receptors are multifunctional transcription factors with important roles in circadian pathways and other processes including immunity and tumorigenesis. Nobiletin (NOB) is a natural compound known to display anticancer effects, and our previous studies showed that NOB activates RORs to enhance circadian rhythms and promote physiological fitness in mice. Here, we identified several TNBC cell lines being sensitive to NOB, by itself or in combination. Cell and xenograft experiments showed that NOB significantly inhibited TNBC cell proliferation and motility in vitro and in vivo. ROR loss- and gain-of-function studies showed concordant effects of the NOB–ROR axis on MDA-MB-231 cell growth. Mechanistically, we found that NOB activates ROR binding to the ROR response elements (RRE) of the IκBα promoter, and NOB strongly inhibited p65 nuclear translocation. Consistent with transcriptomic analysis indicating cancer and NF-κB signaling as major pathways altered by NOB, p65-inducible expression abolished NOB effects, illustrating a requisite role of NF-κB suppression mediating the anti-TNBC effect of NOB. Finally, in vivo mouse xenograft studies showed that NOB enhanced the antitumor efficacy in mammary fat pad implanted TNBC, as a single agent or in combination with the chemotherapy agent Docetaxel. Together, our study highlights an anti-TNBC mechanism of ROR-NOB via suppression of NF-κB signaling, suggesting novel preventive and chemotherapeutic strategies against this devastating disease. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yoon-Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhiwei Ji
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jin Muk Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marvin Wirianto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joshua A Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kaori Ono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jin-Ah Kim
- Lester & Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hyun Kyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Abstract
Cancer resistance to therapy is a big issue in cancer therapy. Tumours may develop some mechanisms to reduce the induction of cell death, thus stimulating tumour growth. Cancer cells may show a low expression and activity of tumour suppressor genes and a low response to anti-tumour immunity. These mutations can increase the resistance of cancer cells to programmed cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagic cell death, and some others. The upregulation of some mediators and transcription factors such as Akt, nuclear factor of κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Bcl-2, and others can inhibit cell death in cancer cells. Using adjuvants to induce the killing of cancer cells is an interesting strategy in cancer therapy. Nobiletin (NOB) is a herbal-derived agent with fascinating anti-cancer properties. It has been shown to induce the generation of endogenous ROS by cancer cells, leading to damage to critical macromolecules and finally cell death. NOB may induce the activity of p53 and pro-apoptosis mediators, and also inhibit the expression and nuclear translocation of anti-apoptosis mediators. In addition, NOB may induce cancer cell killing by modulating other mechanisms that are involved in programmed cell death mechanisms. This review aims to discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the programmed cell death in cancer by NOB via modulating different types of cell death in cancer.
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Nobiletin Protects Endothelial Cell Function via Upregulation of eNOS/ET-1 and Antioxidant Status-Related Genes under Nonstimulated and Inflammatory Conditions. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/9119547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nobiletin, a natural polymethoxylated flavonoid compound, has been shown to exert a wide range of biological activities. However, there is limited evidence on the molecular mechanisms by which nobiletin modulates endothelial cell function. Our aim was to investigate the potential of nobiletin to enhance endothelial cell functionality under nonstimulated and inflammatory conditions. To this end, gene expression relevant to nitric oxide (NO) production, endothelin 1 (ET-1), and antioxidant status in human endothelial cells EA.hy926 was determined using real-time PCR. The fluorescence probe 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2) was used to measure NO production. The results demonstrated significant upregulation of eNOS and antioxidant genes as well as downregulation of ET-1 by nobiletin under nonstimulated and TNF-α-stimulated inflammatory conditions. These findings suggest a promising protective effect of nobiletin with relevance for cardiovascular health, likely through the NO/ET-1 dynamics and Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Lu X, Zhao C, Shi H, Liao Y, Xu F, Du H, Xiao H, Zheng J. Nutrients and bioactives in citrus fruits: Different citrus varieties, fruit parts, and growth stages. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2018-2041. [PMID: 34609268 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1969891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Citrus fruits are consumed in large quantities worldwide due to their attractive aromas and taste, as well as their high nutritional values and various health-promoting effects, which are due to their abundance of nutrients and bioactives. In addition to water, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers are important nutrients in citrus, providing them with high nutritional values. Citrus fruits are also rich in various bioactives such as flavonoids, essential oils, carotenoids, limonoids, and synephrines, which protect from various ailments, including cancer and inflammatory, digestive, and cardiovascular diseases. The composition and content of nutrients and bioactives differ significantly among citrus varieties, fruit parts, and growth stages. To better understand the nutrient and bioactive profiles of citrus fruits and provide guidance for the utilization of high-value citrus resources, this review systematically summarizes the nutrients and bioactives in citrus fruit, including their contents, structural characteristics, and potential health benefits. We also explore the composition variation in different citrus varieties, fruits parts, and growth stages, as well as their health-promoting effects and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmiao Lu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengying Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Shi
- Department of science and technology catalyze, Nestlé R&D (China) Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yongcheng Liao
- Department of science and technology catalyze, Nestlé R&D (China) Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of science and technology catalyze, Nestlé R&D (China) Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jinkai Zheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Anand SAA, George K, Thomas NS, Kabilan S. Synthesis, characterization and antitumor activities of some novel thiazinones and thiosemicarbazones derivatives. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1757672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Nisha Susan Thomas
- Department of Bio-Chemistry and Bio-Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
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