1
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Wang WF, Xie MJ, Wang PK, Lu J, Li BY, Wang MS, Wang SH, Zheng FK, Guo GC. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF)-active Coinage-metal Sulfide Clusters for High-resolution X-ray Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318026. [PMID: 38157447 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The study of facile-synthesis and low-cost X-ray scintillators with high light yield, low detection limit and high X-ray imaging resolution plays a vital role in medical and industrial imaging fields. However, the optimal balance between X-ray absorption, decay lifetime and excitonic utilization efficiency of scintillators to achieve high-resolution imaging is extremely difficult due to the inherent contradiction. Here two thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)-actived coinage-metal clusters M6 S6 L6 (M=Ag or Cu) were synthesized by simple solvothermal reaction, where the cooperation of heavy atom-rich character and TADF mechanism supports strong X-ray absorption and rapid luminescent collection of excitons. Excitingly, Ag6 S6 L6 (SC-Ag) displays a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 91.6 % and scintillating light yield of 17420 photons MeV-1 , as well as a low detection limit of 208.65 nGy s-1 that is 26 times lower than the medical standard (5.5 μGy s-1 ). More importantly, a high X-ray imaging resolution of 16 lp/mm based on SC-Ag screen is demonstrated. Besides, rigid core skeleton reinforced by metallophilicity endows clusters M6 S6 L6 strong resistance to humidity and radiation. This work provides a new view for the design of efficient scintillators and opens the research door for silver clusters in scintillation application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Juan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
| | - Shuai-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Fa-Kun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Cong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350608, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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2
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Biswas S, Negishi Y. A Comprehensive Analysis of Luminescent Crystallized Cu Nanoclusters. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:947-958. [PMID: 38252029 PMCID: PMC10839905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Photoluminescence (PL) emission is an intriguing characteristic displayed by atomically precise d10 metal nanoclusters (NCs), renowned for their meticulous atomic arrangements, which have captivated the scientific community. Cu(I) NCs are a focal point in extensive research due to their abundance, cost-effectiveness, and unique luminescent attributes. Despite similar core sizes, their luminescent characteristics vary, influenced by multiple factors. Progress hinges on synthesizing new NCs and modifying existing ones, with postsynthetic alterations impacting emission properties. The rapid advancements in this field pose challenges in discerning essential points for excelling amidst competition with other d10 NCs. This Perspective explores the intricate origins of PL emission in Cu(I) NCs, providing a comprehensive review of their correlated structural architectures. Understanding the mechanistic origin of PL emission in each cluster is crucial for correlating diverse characteristics, contributing to a deeper comprehension from both fundamental and applied scientific perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Biswas
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Research
Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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3
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Hu Y, Zhang Q, Zhou J, Guo S, Xu J, Zheng H, Yang Y. Supramolecularly Dimeric Assemble of Planar Cu 13 Clusters Controlled by the Length of Spacers of Diphosphine. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21091-21100. [PMID: 38079613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The controlled formation of dimeric clusters is challenging. Three copper(I) clusters, labeled as {Cu13[o-Ph(C≡C)2]6(L)4}(ClO4), were synthesized by using three different ligands, including 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb), 1,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane (dpppe), and bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane (dpph). By increasing the flexibility of alkyl spacers in the diphosphine ligands, the relative positions of the phenyl rings could be optimized to achieve efficient packing with maximized intercluster interactions. In the crystal structures, cluster 1 with dppb ligands did not display interlocked structures. In contrast, cluster 2 with dpppe ligands formed supramolecularly interlocked polymers through weak π-π interactions and C-H···π interactions, while cluster 3 employing dpph ligands formed supramolecularly interlocked dimers with strong π-π interactions and C-H···π interactions. The supramolecular dimer of 3 was also evidenced by analyses through electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. Density functional theory calculation was used to understand the electronic structure and transitions. Supramolecularly interlocked polymers/dimers with rigid structures exhibited higher quantum efficiency. The solution of these clusters demonstrated remarkable aggregation-induced emission enhancements. This study presents unique examples of planar luminescent copper clusters, featuring the first serial dialkynyl-protected cluster. It underlines the importance of ligand flexibility in creating supramolecular cluster dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shan Guo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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4
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Xu C, Jin Y, Fang H, Zheng H, Carozza JC, Pan Y, Wei PJ, Zhang Z, Wei Z, Zhou Z, Han H. A High-Nuclearity Copper Sulfide Nanocluster [S-Cu 50] Featuring a Double-Shell Structure Configuration with Cu(II)/Cu(I) Valences. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25673-25685. [PMID: 37889075 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
This work represents an important step in the quest for creating atomically precise binary semiconductor nanoclusters (BS-NCs). Compared with coinage metal NCs, the preparation of BS-NCs requires strict control of the reaction kinetics to guarantee the formation of an atomically precise single phase under mild conditions, which otherwise could lead to the generation of multiple phases. Herein, we developed an acid-assisted thiolate dissociation approach that employs suitable acid to induce cleavage of the S-C bonds in the Cu-S-R (R = alkyl) precursor, spontaneously fostering the formation of the [Cu-S-Cu] skeleton upon the addition of extra Cu sources. Through this method, a high-nuclearity copper sulfide nanocluster, Cu50S12(SC(CH3)3)20(CF3COO)12 (abbreviated as [S-Cu50] hereafter), has been successfully prepared in high yield, and its atomic structure was accurately modeled through single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It was revealed that [S-Cu50] exhibits a unique double-shell structural configuration of [Cu14S12]@[Cu36S20], and the innermost [Cu14] moiety displays a rhombic dodecahedron geometry, which has never been observed in previously synthesized Cu metal, hydride, or chalcogenide NCs. Importantly, [S-Cu50] represents the first example incorporating mixed Cu(II)/Cu(I) valences in reported atomically precise copper sulfide NCs, which was unambiguously confirmed by XPS, EPR, and XANES. In addition, the electronic structure of [S-Cu50] was established by a variety of optical investigations, including absorption, photoluminescence, and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopies, as well as theoretical calculations. Moreover, [S-Cu50] is air-stable and demonstrates electrocatalytic activity in ORR with a four-electron pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Yuhao Jin
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Huijuan Zheng
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jesse C Carozza
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Yanxiong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ping-Jie Wei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of MOE & Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhenyi Zhang
- Bruker (Beijing) Scientific Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Haixiang Han
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
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5
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Fang JJ, Liu Z, Shen YL, Xie YP, Lu X. Template-assisted synthesis of isomeric copper(i) clusters with tunable structures showing photophysical and electrochemical properties. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12637-12644. [PMID: 38020372 PMCID: PMC10646952 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04682f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparative study of structure-property relationships in isomeric and isostructural atomically precise clusters is an ideal approach to unravel their fundamental properties. Herein, seven high-nuclearity copper(i) alkynyl clusters utilizing template-assisted strategies were synthesized. Spherical Cu36 and Cu56 clusters are formed with a [M@(V/PO4)6] (M: Cu2+, Na+, K+) skeleton motif, while peanut-shaped Cu56 clusters feature four separate PO4 templates. Experiments and theoretical calculations suggested that the photophysical properties of these clusters are dependent on both the inner templates and outer phosphonate ligands. Phenyl and 1-naphthyl phosphate-protected clusters exhibited enhanced emission features attributed to numerous well-arranged intermolecular C-H⋯π interactions between the ligands. Moreover, the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction properties suggested that internal PO4 templates and external naphthyl groups could promote an increase in C2 products (C2H4 and C2H5OH). Our research provides new insight into the design and synthesis of multifunctional copper(i) clusters, and highlights the significance of atomic-level comparative studies of structure-property relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Zheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Yang-Lin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Yun-Peng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
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6
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Sevilla RC, Soebroto RJ, Kurniawan IS, Chen PW, Chang SH, Shen JL, Chou WC, Yeh JM, Huang HY, Yuan CT. Self-Trapped, Thermally Equilibrated Delayed Fluorescence Enables Low-Reabsorption Luminescent Solar Concentrators Based on Gold-Doped Silver Nanoclusters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37922121 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Reabsorption-free luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are crucial ingredients for photovoltaic windows. Atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) with large Stokes-shifted photoluminescence (PL) hold great promise for applications in LSCs. However, a fundamental understanding of the PL mechanism, particularly on the excited-state interaction and exciton kinetics, is still lacking. Herein, we studied the exciton-phonon coupling and singlet/triplet exciton dynamics for gold-doped silver NCs in a solid matrix. Following photoexcitation, the excitons can be self-trapped via strong exciton-phonon coupling. Subsequently, rapid thermal equilibration between the singlet and triplet states occurs due to the coexistence of small energy splitting and spin-orbit coupling. Finally, broadband delayed fluorescence with a large Stokes shift can be generated, namely, self-trapped, thermally equilibrated delayed fluorescence (ST-TEDF). Benefiting from superior ST-TEDF, we demonstrated efficient LSCs with minimized reabsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russel Cruz Sevilla
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Ruth Jeane Soebroto
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Irwan Saleh Kurniawan
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Chen
- Physics Division, National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan 325207, Taiwan
| | - Sheng Hsiung Chang
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Lin Shen
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Ching Chou
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ming Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ying Huang
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tsu Yuan
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
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7
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Zhang L, Guo M, Zhou J, Fang C, Sun X. Benchmark Models for Elucidating Ligand Effects: Thiols Ligated Isostructural Cu 6 Nanoclusters. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301633. [PMID: 37329203 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) have attracted tremendous attention for their huge potential in many applications. However, the uncertainty of the growth mechanism and complexity of the crystallization process hinder the in-depth understanding of their properties. In particular, the ligand effect has been rarely explored at the atomic/molecular level due to the lack of feasible models. Herein, three isostructural Cu6 NCs ligated with diverse mono-thiol ligands (2-mercaptobenzimidazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, and 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, respectively) are successfully synthesized, which provide an ideal platform to unambiguously address the intrinsic role of ligands. The overall atom-by-atom structural evolution process of Cu6 NCs is mapped out with delicate mass spectrometry (MS) for the first time. It is intriguingly found that the ligands, albeit only atomic difference (NH, O, and S), can profoundly affect the building-up processes, chemical properties, atomic structures, as well as catalytic activities of Cu NCs. Furthermore, ion-molecule reactions combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the defective sites formed on ligand can significantly contribute to the activation of molecular oxygen. This study provides fundamental insights into the ligand effect, which is vital for the delicate design of high-efficient Cu NCs-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengdi Guo
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cong Fang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
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8
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Mukherjee S, Chandrashekar P, Aby IE, Mittal S, Varghese A, Pathak B, Mandal S. Quasi-Isomeric Anion-Templated Silver Nanoclusters: Effect of Bulkiness on Luminescence. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8548-8554. [PMID: 37724876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Anion-templated silver nanoclusters are fascinating to study because of their diverse structures, which are dictated by the nature of both anions and ligands. Here, we used the bulky 1-ethynyladamantane as one of the protecting ligands alongside trifluoracetate to successfully synthesize a chlorine-templated silver nanocluster─Cl@Ag19(C12H15)11(C2O2F3)7. Elucidation of its structure by single crystal X-ray diffraction revealed the structure to be a chlorine-centered Ag19 cage with protection by alkynyl and carboxylic ligands. This cluster is non-emissive at room temperature and showed green emission with a large Stokes shift at low temperature. The crystal structure was found to be quasi-isomeric with a previously reported Ag19 cluster protected by tert-butyl acetylene, which is emissive at room temperature. Detailed photoluminescence studies and structure-property correlation revealed that the arrangement of the silver skeleton which is influenced by the bulky substituent of the ligand might be responsible for the difference in emission properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayani Mukherjee
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Priyanka Chandrashekar
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Irin Elizabeth Aby
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Sneha Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India 453552
| | - Anish Varghese
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India 453552
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
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9
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Peng QC, Si YB, Wang ZY, Dai SH, Chen QS, Li K, Zang SQ. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Coinage Metal Cluster Scintillator. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1419-1426. [PMID: 37521783 PMCID: PMC10375876 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
X-ray scintillators are widely used in medical imaging, industrial flaw detection, security inspection, and space exploration. However, traditional commercial scintillators are usually associated with a high use cost because of their substantial toxicity and easy deliquescence. In this work, an atomically precise Au-Cu cluster scintillator (1) with a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) property was facilely synthesized, which is environmentally friendly and highly stable to water and oxygen. The TADF property of 1 endows it with an ultrahigh exciton utilization rate. Combined with the effective absorption of X-ray caused by the heavy-atom effect and a limited nonradiative transition caused by close packing in the crystal state, 1 exhibits an excellent radioluminescence property. Moreover, 1 has good processability for fabricating a large, flexible thin-film device (10 cm × 10 cm) for high-resolution X-ray imaging, which can reach 40 μm (12.5 LP mm-1). The properties mentioned earlier make the coinage metal cluster promising for use as a substitute for traditional commercial scintillators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Chen Peng
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yu-Bing Si
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shu-Heng Dai
- MOE
Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology,
State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment,
College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Qiu-Shui Chen
- MOE
Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology,
State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment,
College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Kai Li
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Henan
Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan
International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials,
Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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10
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Dutta C, Maniappan S, Kumar J. Delayed luminescence guided enhanced circularly polarized emission in atomically precise copper nanoclusters. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5593-5601. [PMID: 37265730 PMCID: PMC10231326 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00686g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters, owing to their intriguing optical properties, have captivated research interest over the years. Of special interest have been chiral nanoclusters that display optical activity in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. While the ground state chiral properties of metal nanoclusters have been reasonably well studied, of late research focus has shifted attention to their excited state chiral investigations. Herein, we report the synthesis and chiral investigations of a pair of enantiomerically pure copper nanoclusters that exhibit intense optical activity, both in their ground and excited states. The synthesis of nanoclusters using l- and d-isomers of the chiral ligand led to the formation of metal clusters that displayed mirror image circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence signals. Structural validation using single crystal XRD, powder XRD and XPS in conjunction with chiroptical and computational analysis helped to develop a structure-property correlation that is unique to such clusters. Investigations on the mechanism of photoluminescence revealed that the system exhibits long excited state lifetimes. A combination of delayed luminescence and chirality resulted in circularly polarized delayed luminescence, a phenomenon that is rather uncommon to the field of metal clusters. The chiral emissive properties could be successfully demonstrated in free-standing polymeric films highlighting their potential for use in the field of data encryption, security tags and polarized light emitting devices. Moreover, the fundamental understanding of the mechanism of excited state chirality in copper clusters opens avenues for the exploration of similar effects in a variety of other clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati Tirupati - 517507 India
| | - Sonia Maniappan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati Tirupati - 517507 India
| | - Jatish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati Tirupati - 517507 India
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11
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Horita Y, Ishimi M, Negishi Y. Anion-templated silver nanoclusters: precise synthesis and geometric structure. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2203832. [PMID: 37251258 PMCID: PMC10215029 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2203832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs) are gaining much attention in nanoscale materials research because they exhibit size-specific physicochemical properties that are not observed in the corresponding bulk metals. Among them, silver (Ag) NCs can be precisely synthesized not only as pure Ag NCs but also as anion-templated Ag NCs. For anion-templated Ag NCs, we can expect the following capabilities: 1) size and shape control by regulating the central anion (anion template); 2) stabilization by adjusting the charge interaction between the central anion and surrounding Ag atoms; and 3) functionalization by selecting the type of central anion. In this review, we summarize the synthesis methods and influences of the central anion on the geometric structure of anion-templated Ag NCs, which include halide ions, chalcogenide ions, oxoanions, polyoxometalate, or hydride/deuteride as the central anion. This summary provides a reference for the current state of anion-templated Ag NCs, which may promote the development of anion-templated Ag NCs with novel geometric structures and physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Horita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Mai Ishimi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
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12
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Jia T, Guan ZJ, Zhang C, Zhu XZ, Chen YX, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Sun D. Eight-Electron Superatomic Cu 31 Nanocluster with Chiral Kernel and NIR-II Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10355-10363. [PMID: 37104621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the inherent instability caused by the low Cu(I)/Cu(0) half-cell reduction potential, Cu(0)-containing copper nanoclusters are quite uncommon in comparison to their Ag and Au congeners. Here, a novel eight-electron superatomic copper nanocluster [Cu31(4-MeO-PhC≡C)21(dppe)3](ClO4)2 (Cu31, dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) is presented with total structural characterization. The structural determination reveals that Cu31 features an inherent chiral metal core arising from the helical arrangement of two sets of three Cu2 units encircling the icosahedral Cu13 core, which is further shielded by 4-MeO-PhC≡C- and dppe ligands. Cu31 is the first copper nanocluster carrying eight free electrons, which is further corroborated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. Interestingly, Cu31 demonstrates the first near-infrared (750-950 nm, NIR-I) window absorption and the second near-infrared (1000-1700 nm, NIR-II) window emission, which is exceptional in the copper nanocluster family and endows it with great potential in biological applications. Of note, the 4-methoxy groups providing close contacts with neighboring clusters are crucial for the cluster formation and crystallization, while 2-methoxyphenylacetylene leads only to copper hydride clusters, Cu6H or Cu32H14. This research not only showcases a new member of copper superatoms but also exemplifies that copper nanoclusters, which are nonluminous in the visible range may emit luminescence in the deep NIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jia
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengkai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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13
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Jana A, Jash M, Dar WA, Roy J, Chakraborty P, Paramasivam G, Lebedkin S, Kirakci K, Manna S, Antharjanam S, Machacek J, Kucerakova M, Ghosh S, Lang K, Kappes MM, Base T, Pradeep T. Carborane-thiol protected copper nanoclusters: stimuli-responsive materials with tunable phosphorescence. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1613-1626. [PMID: 36794193 PMCID: PMC9906781 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06578a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomically precise nanomaterials with tunable solid-state luminescence attract global interest. In this work, we present a new class of thermally stable isostructural tetranuclear copper nanoclusters (NCs), shortly Cu4@oCBT, Cu4@mCBT and Cu4@ICBT, protected by nearly isomeric carborane thiols: ortho-carborane-9-thiol, meta-carborane-9-thiol and ortho-carborane 12-iodo 9-thiol, respectively. They have a square planar Cu4 core and a butterfly-shaped Cu4S4 staple, which is appended with four respective carboranes. For Cu4@ICBT, strain generated by the bulky iodine substituents on the carboranes makes the Cu4S4 staple flatter in comparison to other clusters. High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR ESI-MS) and collision energy-dependent fragmentation, along with other spectroscopic and microscopic studies, confirm their molecular structure. Although none of these clusters show any visible luminescence in solution, bright μs-long phosphorescence is observed in their crystalline forms. The Cu4@oCBT and Cu4@mCBT NCs are green emitting with quantum yields (Φ) of 81 and 59%, respectively, whereas Cu4@ICBT is orange emitting with a Φ of 18%. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the nature of their respective electronic transitions. The green luminescence of Cu4@oCBT and Cu4@mCBT clusters gets shifted to yellow after mechanical grinding, but it is regenerated after exposure to solvent vapour, whereas the orange emission of Cu4@ICBT is not affected by mechanical grinding. Structurally flattened Cu4@ICBT didn't show mechanoresponsive luminescence in contrast to other clusters, having bent Cu4S4 structures. Cu4@oCBT and Cu4@mCBT are thermally stable up to 400 °C. Cu4@oCBT retained green emission even upon heating to 200 °C under ambient conditions, while Cu4@mCBT changed from green to yellow in the same window. This is the first report on structurally flexible carborane thiol appended Cu4 NCs having stimuli-responsive tunable solid-state phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Jana
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Madhuri Jash
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Wakeel Ahmed Dar
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Jayoti Roy
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Papri Chakraborty
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein Leopoldshafen 76344 Germany
| | - Ganesan Paramasivam
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Sergei Lebedkin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein Leopoldshafen 76344 Germany
| | - Kaplan Kirakci
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science 25068 Rez Czech Republic
| | - Sujan Manna
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Sudhadevi Antharjanam
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Jan Machacek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science 25068 Rez Czech Republic
| | - Monika Kucerakova
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Na Slovance4 1999/2, 182 21, Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
| | - Kamil Lang
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science 25068 Rez Czech Republic
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein Leopoldshafen 76344 Germany
| | - Tomas Base
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Science 25068 Rez Czech Republic
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai - 600036 India
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14
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Lin X, Tang J, Zhu C, Wang L, Yang Y, Wu R, Fan H, Liu C, Huang J. Solvent-mediated precipitating synthesis and optical properties of polyhydrido Cu 13 nanoclusters with four vertex-sharing tetrahedrons. Chem Sci 2023; 14:994-1002. [PMID: 36755712 PMCID: PMC9890966 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06099j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Structurally defined metal nanoclusters facilitate mechanism studies and promote functional applications. However, precisely constructing copper nanoclusters remains a long-standing challenge in nanoscience. Developing new efficient synthetic strategies for Cu nanoclusters is highly desirable. Here, we propose a solvent-mediated precipitating synthesis (SMPS) to prepare Cu13H10(SR)3(PPh3)7 nanoclusters (H-SR = 2-chloro-4-fluorobenzenethiol). The obtained Cu13 nanoclusters are high purity and high yield (39.5%, based on Cu atom), proving the superiority of the SMPS method. The Cu13 nanoclusters were comprehensively studied via a series of characterizations. Single crystal X-ray crystallography shows that the Cu13 nanoclusters contain a threefold symmetry axis and the Cu13 kernel is protected by a monolayer of ligands, including PPh3 and thiolates. Unprecedentedly, the aesthetic Cu13 kernel is composed of four vertex-sharing tetrahedrons, rather than the common icosahedral or cuboctahedral M13. The intramolecular π⋯π interactions between thiolates and PPh3 on the surface contribute to the stable configuration. Furthermore, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed the existence of ten hydrides, including four types of hydrides. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations without simplifying the ligands simulated the location of the 10 hydrides in the crystal structure. Additionally, the steady-state ultraviolet-visible absorption and fluorescence spectra of the Cu13 nanoclusters exhibit unique optical absorbance and photoluminescence. The ultrafast relaxation dynamics were also studied via transient absorption spectroscopy, and the three decay components are attributed to the relaxation pathways of internal conversion, structural relaxation and radiative relaxation. This work provides not only a novel SMPS strategy to efficiently synthesize Cu13 nanoclusters, but also a better insight into the structural characteristics and optical properties of the Cu nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhang Lin
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jie Tang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chenyu Zhu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Technologies, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China
| | - Yang Yang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ren'an Wu
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Technologies, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China
| | - Hongjun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Chao Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
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15
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Heydari N, Bikas R, Siczek M, Lis T. Green carbon-carbon homocoupling of terminal alkynes by a silica supported Cu(II)-hydrazone coordination compound. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:421-433. [PMID: 36520159 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03054c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A Cu(II) complex, [Cu(HL)(NO3)(CH3OH)]·CH3OH (1), was obtained by the reaction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and H2L in methanol solvent (H2L is (E)-4-amino-N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide). H2L and compound 1 were characterized by various spectroscopic analyses and the molecular structure of [Cu(HL)(NO3)(CH3OH)]·CH3OH was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The results indicated the product is a mononuclear Cu(II) complex and contains a free NH2 functional group on the structure of the ligand. [Cu(HL)(NO3)(CH3OH)]·CH3OH was used for the preparation of a heterogeneous catalyst by supporting it on functionalized silica gel. The heterogeneous catalyst (Si-Cu) was prepared by an amidification reaction of [Cu(HL)(NO3)(CH3OH)]·CH3OH with functionalized silica gel. The resulting silica-supported catalyst (Si-Cu) was characterized by TGA, FT-IR, EPR, DRS, EDS, XRD, SEM and XPS analyses. Si-Cu was employed in a carbon-carbon coupling reaction and the effects of the amount of Si-Cu and temperature were investigated in the catalytic coupling. The structure of one of the products of the catalytic reactions (C16H22O2, CP1) was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis, which proved the formation of a C-C bond and the production of di-acetylene by homocoupling of terminal alkyne. This catalytic system is stable and it can be reused for a coupling reaction without a significant change in its catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Heydari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Rahman Bikas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, 34148-96818, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Milosz Siczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
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16
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Miao H, Pan X, Li M, Zhaxi W, Wu J, Huang Z, Liu L, Ma X, Jiang S, Huang W, Zhang Q, Wu D. A Copper Iodide Cluster-Based Coordination Polymer as an Unconventional Zero-Thermal-Quenching Phosphor. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18779-18788. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiancheng Pan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Miao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wenjiang Zhaxi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zetao Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Luying Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Shenlong Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Dayu Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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17
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Zhaxi W, Li M, Wu J, Liu L, Huang Z, Miao H, Ma X, Jiang S, Zhang Q, Huang W, Wu D. A Red-Emitting Cu(I)–Halide Cluster Phosphor with Near-Unity Photoluminescence Efficiency for High-Power wLED Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144441. [PMID: 35889315 PMCID: PMC9318059 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid-state lighting technology, where light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are used for energy conversion from electricity to light, is considered a next-generation lighting technology. One of the significant challenges in the field is the synthesis of high-efficiency phosphors for designing phosphor-converted white LEDs under high flux operating currents. Here, we reported the synthesis, structure, and photophysical properties of a tetranuclear Cu(I)–halide cluster phosphor, [bppmCu2I2]2 (bppm = bisdiphenylphosphinemethane), for the fabrication of high-performance white LEDs. The PL investigations demonstrated that the red emission exhibits a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield at room temperature and unusual spectral broadening with increasing temperature in the crystalline state. Considering the excellent photophysical properties, the crystalline sample of [bppmCu2I2]2 was successfully applied for the fabrication of phosphor-converted white LEDs. The prototype white LED device exhibited a continuous rise in brightness in the range of a high bias current (100–1000 mA) with CRI as high as 84 and CCT of 5828 K, implying great potential for high-quality white LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiang Zhaxi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
| | - Miao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
| | - Jing Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
| | - Luying Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
| | - Zetao Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
| | - Huixian Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
| | - Xiao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
| | - Shenlong Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (S.J.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qun Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (S.J.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Dayu Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (W.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (L.L.); (Z.H.); (H.M.); (X.M.)
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (D.W.)
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18
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Hu FZ, Zhang L, Jin GY, Sun ZZ, Wang G, Han HL, Li ZF, Yang YP, Jin QH, Zhang F. Synthesis, spectral properties and terahertz time domain spectroscopy of two copper(I) complexes based on bisphosphine and bisazo ligands. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2070486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Zhen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Guan-Yu Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Zhou Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Liang Han
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Feng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- School of Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong-Hua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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19
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Fang J, Liu Z, Xie Y, Lu X. 炔铜(I)纳米团簇的合成、结构规律与光电性质. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2021-1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Zhang MM, Dong XY, Wang YJ, Zang SQ, Mak TC. Recent progress in functional atom-precise coinage metal clusters protected by alkynyl ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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21
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Hu H, Lan L, Zhang T, Yang X, Yang H, Xie Y, Cui C, Shi Z, Ji N. Recent advances in polyoxometalate-based metal-alkynyl clusters. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00190j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the recent advances in polyoxometalate-based metal-alkynyl clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Lili Lan
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Huan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yadian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Can Cui
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, P. R. China
| | - Ningning Ji
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, P. R. China
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22
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Ma X, Xiong L, Qin L, Tang Y, Ma G, Pei Y, Tang Z. A homoleptic alkynyl-protected [Ag 9Cu 6( t BuC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C) 12] + superatom with free electrons: synthesis, structure analysis, and different properties compared with the Au 7Ag 8 cluster in the M 15 + series. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12819-12826. [PMID: 34703569 PMCID: PMC8494057 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03679c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first homoleptic alkynyl-protected AgCu superatomic nanocluster [Ag9Cu6( t BuC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)12]+ (NC 1, also Ag9Cu6 in short), which has a body-centered-cubic structure with a Ag1@Ag8@Cu6 metal core. Such a configuration is reminiscent of the reported AuAg bimetallic nanocluster [Au1@Ag8@Au6( t BuC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)12]+ (NC 2, also Au7Ag8 in short), which is also synthesized by an anti-galvanic reaction (AGR) approach with a very high yield for the first time in this study. Despite a similar Ag8 cube for both NCs, structural anatomy reveals that there are some subtle differences between NCs 1 and 2. Such differences, plus the different M1 kernel and M6 octahedron, lead to significantly different optical absorbance features for NCs 1 and 2. Density functional theory calculations revealed the LUMO and HOMO energy levels of NCs 1 and 2, where the characteristic absorbance peaks can be correlated with the discrete molecular orbital transitions. Finally, the stability of NCs 1 and 2 at different temperatures, in the presence of an oxidant or Lewis base, was investigated. This study not only enriches the M15 + series, but also sets an example for correlating the structure-property relationship in alkynyl-protected bimetallic superatomic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 P. R. China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University Hunan Province Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Lubing Qin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yun Tang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 P. R. China
| | - Guanyu Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yong Pei
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University Hunan Province Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Zhenghua Tang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 P. R. China
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23
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Li M, Cheng Z, Wang X, Yu Z, Zhou M, Miao H, Zhaxi W, Huang W, Ma X, Chen Q, Jiang S, Zhang Q, Wu D. Negative/Zero Thermal Quenching of Luminescence via Electronic Structural Transition in Copper-Iodide Cluster-Based Coordination Networks. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8237-8245. [PMID: 34423984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescence (PL) intensity in organic or metal-organic emitters usually suffers from thermal quenching (TQ), which severely hinders their industrial applications. The development of negative thermal quenching (NTQ) and/or zero thermal quenching (ZTQ) materials depends on a better understanding of the mechanisms underpinning TQ in luminescent solids. In this work, we investigated the temperature dependence of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in copper(I)-organic coordination polymers (CP) ligated with an imidazole or triazole derivative over a broad temperature range. The efficient PL emission of CP1 is heavily quenched as the crystalline samples are cooled to 77 K; the PL intensity shows the NTQ effect in the region of 77-238 K followed by a ZTQ effect in the temperature range of 238-318 K. No NTQ or ZTQ effect is observed for reference coordination polymer CP2, where the 1,2,4-triazole group was used instead of the imidazole one. Our work highlights the important role of the ligand's electronic structure in optimizing photophysical properties of coordination polymer emitters and may stimulate new efforts to design luminescent materials exhibiting NTQ and ZTQ effect at higher temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Zongsu Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Mingren Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Huixian Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Wenjiang Zhaxi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Qun Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Shenlong Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Dayu Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
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24
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Liu LJ, Zhang JW, Asad M, Wang ZY, Zang SQ, Mak TCW. A high-nuclearity Cu I/Cu II nanocluster catalyst for phenol degradation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5586-5589. [PMID: 33970180 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01319j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a 54-nuclei copper nanocluster, [Cu54S13O6(tBuS)20(tBuSO3)12] (Cu54), which is the largest atom-precise CuI/CuII mix-valent cluster reported. The Cu54 nanoclusters supported by TiO2 exhibit decent photocatalytic activity for phenol degradation under visible light. This work provides a platform to explore the catalytic behaviors of CuI/CuII nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Liu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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25
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Sun ZZ, Zhu N, Pan X, Wang G, Li ZF, Xin XL, Han HL, Feng YB, Jin QH, Yang YP, Yang W. A new application of terahertz time-domain absorption spectra in luminescent complexes: characterization of the C-Hπ weak interactions in Cu(I) complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:10214-10224. [PMID: 34232237 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01023a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Six Cu(i) complexes, [Cu(2,3-f)(bdppmapy)]BF4 (1), [Cu(2,3-f)(bdppmapy)]ClO4 (2), [Cu(2,3-f)(bdppmapy)]CF3SO3 (3), [Cu(imidazo[4,5-f])(bdppmapy)]BF4 (4), [Cu(imidazo[4,5-f])(bdppmapy)]ClO4 (5), and [Cu(imidazo[4,5-f])(bdppmapy)]CF3SO3·MeOH (6·MeOH) (bdppmapy = N,N-bis[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]-2-pyridinamine, 2,3-f = pyrazine[2,3-f][1,10]-phenanthroline, and imidazo[4,5-f] = 1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]-phenanthroline), have been synthesized to explore the effects of counteranions on their crystal structures, photophysical properties, and terahertz (THz) spectra. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) shows that the luminescence performance of these complexes is attributed to the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) in combination with ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT). In complexes 1-3, the characteristic peak at 1.4 THz is mainly related to the C-Hπ interaction formed by the H atom on the 4#/5# position of 2,3-f and the benzene ring from the bdppmapy on the adjacent asymmetric unit. The common C-Hπ interaction enhances the rigidity of the structure and has non-negligible influence on the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs): the stronger the C-Hπ interaction is, the higher the quantum yield (QY) is. In complexes 4-6, similar absorption peaks (1.10-1.30 THz) are mainly related to the C-Hπ interactions, and strong absorption peaks (1.50-1.90 THz) are affected by the typical hydrogen bonds N-HF/O and O-HO. These results show that some weak interactions can be characterized by THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). So, the THz spectroscopy method would make it possible to tune some of the weak interactions in complex structures to regulate the luminescence of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhou Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Xun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Zhong-Feng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Xiu-Lan Xin
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hong-Liang Han
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yue-Bing Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Qiong-Hua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China. and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- School of Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Suzhou Polytechnical Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215008, P. R. China.
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26
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Pillay MN, van Zyl WE, Liu CW. A construction guide for high-nuclearity (≥50 metal atoms) coinage metal clusters at the nanoscale: bridging molecular precise constructs with the bulk material phase. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:24331-24348. [PMID: 33300525 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05632d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis remains a major strength in chemistry and materials science and relies on the formation of new molecules and diverse forms of matter. The construction and identification of large molecules poses specific challenges and has historically lain in the realm of biological (organic)-type molecules with evolved synthesis methods to support such endeavours. But with the development of analytical tools such as X-ray crystallography, new synthesis methods toward large metal-based (inorganic) molecules and clusters have come to the fore, making it possible to accurately determine the precise distribution of hundreds of atoms in large clusters. In this review, we focus on different synthesis protocols used to form new metal clusters such as templating, alloying and size-focusing strategies. A specific focus is on group 11 metals (Cu, Ag, Au) as they currently predominate large metal cluster investigations and related Au and Ag bulk surface phenomena. This review focuses on metal clusters that have very high-nuclearity, i.e. with 50 or more metal centers within the isolated cluster. This size domain, it is believed, will become increasingly important for a variety of applications as these metal clusters are positioned at the interface between the molecular and bulk phases, whilst remaining a classic nanomaterial and retaining unique nano-sized properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Pillay
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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27
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Chen Y, Zhou M, Li Q, Gronlund H, Jin R. Isomerization-induced enhancement of luminescence in Au 28(SR) 20 nanoclusters. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8176-8183. [PMID: 34123088 PMCID: PMC8163317 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01270j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the origin and structural basis of the photoluminescence (PL) phenomenon in thiolate-protected metal nanoclusters is of paramount importance for both fundamental science and practical applications. It remains a major challenge to correlate the PL properties with the atomic-level structure due to the complex interplay of the metal core (i.e. the inner kernel) and the exterior shell (i.e. surface Au(i)-thiolate staple motifs). Decoupling these two intertwined structural factors is critical in order to understand the PL origin. Herein, we utilize two Au28(SR)20 nanoclusters with different –R groups, which possess the same core but different shell structures and thus provide an ideal system for the PL study. We discover that the Au28(CHT)20 (CHT: cyclohexanethiolate) nanocluster exhibits a more than 15-fold higher PL quantum yield than the Au28(TBBT)20 nanocluster (TBBT: p-tert-butylbenzenethiolate). Such an enhancement is found to originate from the different structural arrangement of the staple motifs in the shell, which modifies the electron relaxation dynamics in the inner core to different extents for the two nanoclusters. The emergence of a long PL lifetime component in the more emissive Au28(CHT)20 nanocluster reveals that its PL is enhanced by suppressing the nonradiative pathway. The presence of long, interlocked staple motifs is further identified as a key structural parameter that favors the luminescence. Overall, this work offers structural insights into the PL origin in Au28(SR)20 nanoclusters and provides some guidelines for designing luminescent metal nanoclusters for sensing and optoelectronic applications. Two Au28(SR)20 nanoclusters with an identical core but different shells exhibit a ∼15-fold difference in photoluminescence.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University Pennsylvania 15213 USA
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University Pennsylvania 15213 USA
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University Pennsylvania 15213 USA
| | - Harrison Gronlund
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University Pennsylvania 15213 USA
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University Pennsylvania 15213 USA
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28
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Delayed fluorescence from a zirconium(IV) photosensitizer with ligand-to-metal charge-transfer excited states. Nat Chem 2020; 12:345-352. [PMID: 32203439 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Advances in chemical control of the photophysical properties of transition-metal complexes are revolutionizing a wide range of technologies, particularly photocatalysis and light-emitting diodes, but they rely heavily on molecules containing precious metals such as ruthenium and iridium. Although the application of earth-abundant 'early' transition metals in photosensitizers is clearly advantageous, a detailed understanding of excited states with ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) character is paramount to account for their distinct electron configurations. Here we report an air- and moisture-stable, visible light-absorbing Zr(IV) photosensitizer, Zr(MesPDPPh)2, where [MesPDPPh]2- is the doubly deprotonated form of [2,6-bis(5-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)pyridine]. This molecule has an exceptionally long-lived triplet LMCT excited state (τ = 350 μs), featuring highly efficient photoluminescence emission (Ф = 0.45) due to thermally activated delayed fluorescence emanating from the higher-lying singlet configuration with significant LMCT contributions. Zr(MesPDPPh)2 engages in numerous photoredox catalytic processes and triplet energy transfer. Our investigation provides a blueprint for future photosensitizer development featuring early transition metals and excited states with significant LMCT contributions.
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29
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Wu T, Jiang S, Samanta PN, Xie Y, Li J, Wang X, Devashis M, Gu X, Wang Y, Huang W, Zhang Q, Leszczynski J, Wu D. Negative thermal quenching of photoluminescence in a copper–organic framework emitter. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12057-12060. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04788k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the observation of the NTQ effect in a copper–organic framework emitter through delocalization–localization transition of its imidazole ligand.
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