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Zhang R, Sun N, Zhao Z, Wang S, Zhang M, Zhao L, Liu Y, Feng S. Bionic dual-scale structured films for efficient passive radiative cooling accompanied by robust durability. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:1354-1363. [PMID: 38885043 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Passive radiative cooling (PRC), as an energy-free cooling approach, is ingeniously harnessed for certain natural organisms to withstand extreme high-temperature climates, which has inspired numerous bionic designs. However, it is a great challenge to enhance the durability of the designed materials in practical scenarios while inheriting the natural biological principles. We demonstrate bionic dual-scale structured (BDSS) films for efficient passive radiative cooling accompanied by robust durability after discovering the excellent thermoregulatory properties of the inner surface of Hawaiian scallop shell. We found that the inner surface of the shell consists of large-scale triangular ridges scattered with small-scale terrace steps. This dual-scale structure can enhance the reflectivity of sunlight by efficient Mie scattering and increase the emissivity in the mid-infrared range by lengthening the propagation of photons, thereby decreasing the surface temperature. Underpinned by this finding, we developed a BDSS film that features a strong solar spectrum reflectivity of 0.95 and a high mid-infrared emissivity of 0.98, achieving a sub-ambient cooling of 10.8 °C under direct sunlight. Additionally, the designed films possess robust durability including excellent self-cleaning, flexibility, mechanical strength, chemical stability, and anti-ultraviolet radiation, which is promising for thermal thermoregulation in various harsh scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Ningning Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Zehong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Shixu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Mengfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Yahua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Shile Feng
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
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2
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Nie S, Bai L, Lin G, Yuan K, Fu J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Lan H, Liu P, Tan X, Li X. Experimental Study on Energy-Free Superhydrophobic Radiative Cooling Versatile Film with Enhanced Environmental Tolerance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38701230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Clean, energy-free methods of cooling are an effective way to respond to the global energy crisis. To date, cooling materials using passive daytime radiative cooling (RC) technology have been applied in the fields of energy-efficient buildings, solar photovoltaic cooling, and insulating textiles. However, RC materials frequently suffer from comprehensive damage to their microstructure, resulting in the loss of their initial cooling effect in complex outdoor environments. Here, a superhydrophobic daytime passive RC porous film with environmental tolerance (SRCP film) was fabricated, which integrated strong solar reflectivity (approximately 90%), mid-infrared emissivity (approximately 0.97), and superhydrophobicity (water contact angle (WCA) of 160° and sliding angle of 3°). This study revealed that SRCP film had an average reflectivity of 14.3% higher than SiO2 particles in the 0.3-2.5 μm wavelength region, achieving a cooling effect of 13.2 °C in ambient conditions with a solar irradiance of 946 W·m-2 and a relative humidity of 74% due to the synergistic effect of effective solar reflection and thermal infrared emission. In addition, empirical results showed that the attained films possessed outstanding environmental tolerance, maintaining high WCA (156°), stable cooling effect (8.3 °C), and low SiO2 loss (less than 5.1%) after 30 consecutive days of UV irradiation and 14 days of corrosion with acidic and alkaline solutions. More importantly, this work could be flexibly prepared by various methods without the use of any fluorine-containing reagents, which greatly widens the practical application scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijin Nie
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lizhan Bai
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Guiping Lin
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, P. R. China
| | - Kang Yuan
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Fu
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Huanfa Wang
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiang Lan
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Ergonomics and Environmental Control, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Tan
- Solar Energy High Value Utilization and Green Conversion Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Solar Energy High Value Utilization and Green Conversion Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, P. R. China
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3
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Liu R, Wang S, Zhou Z, Zhang K, Wang G, Chen C, Long Y. Materials in Radiative Cooling Technologies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401577. [PMID: 38497602 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Radiative cooling (RC) is a carbon-neutral cooling technology that utilizes thermal radiation to dissipate heat from the Earth's surface to the cold outer space. Research in the field of RC has garnered increasing interest from both academia and industry due to its potential to drive sustainable economic and environmental benefits to human society by reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from conventional cooling systems. Materials innovation is the key to fully exploit the potential of RC. This review aims to elucidate the materials development with a focus on the design strategy including their intrinsic properties, structural formations, and performance improvement. The main types of RC materials, i.e., static-homogeneous, static-composite, dynamic, and multifunctional materials, are systematically overviewed. Future trends, possible challenges, and potential solutions are presented with perspectives in the concluding part, aiming to provide a roadmap for the future development of advanced RC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Shancheng Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhengui Zhou
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Keyi Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Guanya Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Changyuan Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yi Long
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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4
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Xu J, Liu D. A Study on the Radiation Cooling Characteristics of Cerambycini Latreille. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:34. [PMID: 38248608 PMCID: PMC10813328 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe climate and energy issues require more environmentally friendly and efficient cooling methods. Radiative cooling offers a cooling solution with significant advantages. However, current radiative cooling technologies focus primarily on seeking perfect materials to achieve complete wavelength absorption. However, numerous research studies have shown that achieving such a perfect scenario is not feasible. Here, inspired by the surface of the Cerambycini Latreille, the inherent mechanism of radiative cooling functionality in the unique structure of these hairs is revealed using effective medium theory and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) optical simulation analysis. Through alkaline etching and template methods, a biomimetic radiative cooling film (BRCF) was successfully fabricated. The BRCF not only efficiently reflects solar radiation but also enhances absorption in the atmospheric window wavelength range. The radiative cooling mechanism proposed in this study and the BRCF presented here may inspire researchers to further explore the field of structural radiative cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- College of Modern Agriculture, Changchun Polytechnic, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Delei Liu
- School of Bionic Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China;
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5
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Liu X, Wang P, Xiao C, Fu L, Zhou H, Fan T, Zhang D. A Bioinspired Bilevel Metamaterial for Multispectral Manipulation toward Visible, Multi-Wavelength Detection Lasers and Mid-Infrared Selective Radiation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302844. [PMID: 37402134 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of the electromagnetic signature in multiple wavebands is necessary and effective in civil and industrial applications. However, the integration of multispectral requirements, particularly for the bands with comparable wavelengths, challenges the design and fabrication of current compatible metamaterials. Here, a bioinspired bilevel metamaterial is proposed for multispectral manipulation involving visible, multi-wavelength detection lasers and mid-infrared (MIR), along with radiative cooling. The metamaterial, consisting of dual-deck Pt disks and a SiO2 intermediate layer, is inspired by the broadband reflection splitting effect found in butterfly scales and achieves ultralow specular reflectance (average of 0.013) over the entire 0.8-1.6 µm with large scattering angles. Meanwhile, tunable visible reflection and selective dual absorption peaks in MIR can be simultaneously realized, providing structural color, effective radiative thermal dissipation at 5-8 µm and 10.6 µm laser absorption. The metamaterial is fabricated by a low-cost colloidal lithography method combined with two patterning processes. Multispectral manipulation performances are experimentally demonstrated and a significant apparent temperature drop (maximum of 15.7 °C) compared to the reference is observed under a thermal imager. This work achieves optical response in multiple wavebands and provides a valuable way to effectively design multifunctional metamaterials inspired by nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Liu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pan Wang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chengyu Xiao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liucheng Fu
- Center for Advanced Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Han Zhou
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Future Materials Innovation Center, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tongxiang Fan
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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6
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Haataja JS, Jacucci G, Parton TG, Schertel L, Vignolini S. Topological invariance in whiteness optimisation. COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS 2023; 6:137. [PMID: 38665411 PMCID: PMC11041678 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-023-01234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Maximizing the scattering of visible light within disordered nano-structured materials is essential for commercial applications such as brighteners, while also testing our fundamental understanding of light-matter interactions. The progress in the research field has been hindered by the lack of understanding how different structural features contribute to the scattering properties. Here we undertake a systematic investigation of light scattering in correlated disordered structures. We demonstrate that the scattering efficiency of disordered systems is mainly determined by topologically invariant features, such as the filling fraction and correlation length, and residual variations are largely accounted by the surface-averaged mean curvature of the systems. Optimal scattering efficiency can thus be obtained from a broad range of disordered structures, especially when structural anisotropy is included as a parameter. These results suggest that any disordered system can be optimised for whiteness and give comparable performance, which has far-reaching consequences for the industrial use of low-index materials for optical scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes S. Haataja
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 15100, Espoo, FI-02150 Finland
| | - Gianni Jacucci
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Thomas G. Parton
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
| | - Lukas Schertel
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK
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7
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Lee M, Kim G, Jung Y, Pyun KR, Lee J, Kim BW, Ko SH. Photonic structures in radiative cooling. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:134. [PMID: 37264035 PMCID: PMC10235094 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiative cooling is a passive cooling technology without any energy consumption, compared to conventional cooling technologies that require power sources and dump waste heat into the surroundings. For decades, many radiative cooling studies have been introduced but its applications are mostly restricted to nighttime use only. Recently, the emergence of photonic technologies to achieves daytime radiative cooling overcome the performance limitations. For example, broadband and selective emissions in mid-IR and high reflectance in the solar spectral range have already been demonstrated. This review article discusses the fundamentals of thermodynamic heat transfer that motivates radiative cooling. Several photonic structures such as multilayer, periodical, random; derived from nature, and associated design procedures were thoroughly discussed. Photonic integration with new functionality significantly enhances the efficiency of radiative cooling technologies such as colored, transparent, and switchable radiative cooling applications has been developed. The commercial applications such as reducing cooling loads in vehicles, increasing the power generation of solar cells, generating electricity, saving water, and personal thermal regulation are also summarized. Lastly, perspectives on radiative cooling and emerging issues with potential solution strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjae Lee
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Electronic Device Research Team, Hyundai Motor Group, 37, Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16082, South Korea
| | - Gwansik Kim
- E-drive Materials Research Team, Hyundai Motor Group, 37, Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16082, South Korea
| | - Yeongju Jung
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Rok Pyun
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Robotics, and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, South Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Kim
- E-drive Materials Research Team, Hyundai Motor Group, 37, Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16082, South Korea.
- Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design (SNU-IAMD)/Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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8
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An S, Shi B, Jiang M, Fu B, Song C, Tao P, Shang W, Deng T. Biological and Bioinspired Thermal Energy Regulation and Utilization. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37162476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The regulation and utilization of thermal energy is increasingly important in modern society due to the growing demand for heating and cooling in applications ranging from buildings, to cooling high power electronics, and from personal thermal management to the pursuit of renewable thermal energy technologies. Over billions of years of natural selection, biological organisms have evolved unique mechanisms and delicate structures for efficient and intelligent regulation and utilization of thermal energy. These structures also provide inspiration for developing advanced thermal engineering materials and systems with extraordinary performance. In this review, we summarize research progress in biological and bioinspired thermal energy materials and technologies, including thermal regulation through insulation, radiative cooling, evaporative cooling and camouflage, and conversion and utilization of thermal energy from solar thermal radiation and biological bodies for vapor/electricity generation, temperature/infrared sensing, and communication. Emphasis is placed on introducing bioinspired principles, identifying key bioinspired structures, revealing structure-property-function relationships, and discussing promising and implementable bioinspired strategies. We also present perspectives on current challenges and outlook for future research directions. We anticipate that this review will stimulate further in-depth research in biological and bioinspired thermal energy materials and technologies, and help accelerate the growth of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun An
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Boning Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Modi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Benwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chengyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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9
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Xiang B, Xu P, Chang Y, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhong W, Lei W, Zhang R. Biodegradable radiative cooling membrane based on electrospun silk fibroin fiber. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.6005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiang
- College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Chang
- College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Wu
- College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhuan Zhong
- College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Lei
- College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing People's Republic of China
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10
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He C, Zhao P, Zhang H, Chen K, Liu B, Lu Z, Li Y, La P, Liu G, Gao X. Efficient Warming Textile Enhanced by a High-Entropy Spectrally Selective Nanofilm with High Solar Absorption. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204817. [PMID: 36446628 PMCID: PMC9875644 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solar and radiative warming are smart approaches to maintaining the human body at a metabolically comfortable temperature in both indoor and outdoor scenarios. Nevertheless, existing warming textiles are ineffective in frigid climates because the solar absorption of selective absorbing coating is significantly reduced when coated on rough textile surface. Herein, for the first time, high-entropy nitrides based spectrally selective film (SSF) is introduced on common cotton through a one-step magnetron sputtering method. The well-designed refractive index gradient enables destructive interference effects, offering a roughness-insensitive high solar absorptance (92.8%) and low thermal emittance (39.2%). Impressively, the solar absorptance is 9.1% higher than the reported best-performing selective nanofilm-based textile. As a result, such a textile achieves a record-high photothermal conversion efficiency (82.2% under 0.6 suns, at 0 °C). This textile yields a 3.5 °C drop in the set-point of indoor air-conditioner temperature. Besides, in a winter morning with an air temperature of 7.5 °C, it warms up the human skin by as large as 12 °C under weak sunlight (350 W m-2 ). More importantly, such a superior radiative warming performance is achieved by engineering the widely used cotton without compromising its breathability and durability, showing great potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Yu He
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous MetalsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Kai Chen
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Bao‐Hua Liu
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China
| | - Zhong‐Wei Lu
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Pei‐Qing La
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous MetalsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China
| | - Gang Liu
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Xiang‐Hu Gao
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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11
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Wang X, Jiang Y, Li J, Xu W, Zhu B, Zhu J. Recent Progress in Daytime Radiative Cooling: Advanced Material Designs and Applications. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2101379. [PMID: 35212488 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202101379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) is emerging as a promising cooling technology. Owing to the high, broadband solar reflectivity and high mid-infrared emissivity, daytime radiative cooling materials can achieve passive net cooling power under direct sunlight. The zero-energy-consumption characteristic enables PDRC to reduce negative environmental issues compared with conventional cooling systems. In this review, the development of advanced daytime radiative cooling designs is summarized, recent progress is highlighted, and potential correlated applications, such as building cooling, photovoltaic cooling, and electricity generation, are introduced. The remaining challenges and opportunities of PDRCs are also indicated. It is expected that this review provides an overall picture of recent PDRC progress and inspires future research regarding the fundamental understanding and practical applications of PDRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Frontiers Science Center For Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing, Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Shuaihao Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Frontiers Science Center For Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xueyang Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Frontiers Science Center For Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Frontiers Science Center For Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jinlei Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Frontiers Science Center For Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Weilin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing, Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Frontiers Science Center For Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Frontiers Science Center For Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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12
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Liu C, Chen C, Tu C, Hung S, Chao C. Structure colorants based on cross‐linked cholesteric liquid crystalline polymeric slices. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Yen Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Chieh Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Chia‐Ming Tu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Sheng‐Chi Hung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Chia‐Hui Chao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan
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13
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Krishna A, Nie X, Briscoe AD, Lee J. Air temperature drives the evolution of mid-infrared optical properties of butterfly wings. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24143. [PMID: 34921152 PMCID: PMC8683501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study uncovers a correlation between the mid-infrared emissivity of butterfly wings and the average air temperature of their habitats across the world. Butterflies from cooler climates have a lower mid-infrared emissivity, which limits heat losses to surroundings, and butterflies from warmer climates have a higher mid-infrared emissivity, which enhances radiative cooling. The mid-infrared emissivity showed no correlation with other investigated climatic factors. Phylogenetic independent contrasts analysis indicates the microstructures of butterfly wings may have evolved in part to regulate mid-infrared emissivity as an adaptation to climate, rather than as phylogenetic inertia. Our findings offer new insights into the role of microstructures in thermoregulation and suggest both evolutionary and physical constraints to butterflies' abilities to adapt to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Krishna
- Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA. .,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Xiao Nie
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Adriana D. Briscoe
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Jaeho Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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14
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Yang Z, Zhang J. Bioinspired Radiative Cooling Structure with Randomly Stacked Fibers for Efficient All-Day Passive Cooling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:43387-43395. [PMID: 34468118 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Without the help of compression-based cooling systems, natural creatures have to make use of other things to decrease their body temperature to survive under thermally harsh conditions. This work finds that the silkworm cocoon of Bombyx mori protects pupae from the rapid temperature fluctuations via the randomly stacked silk fibers, which possess high solar reflectance and thermal emittance for thermal regulation. Inspired by this microstructure, the melt-blown polypropylene (MB-PP) with randomly stacked fibers is fabricated by a large-scale melt-blown fabrication method. For enhancing the thermal emittance of MB-PP, the surface-modified MB-PP (SMB-PP) is obtained by constructing the poly(dimethylsiloxane) film on the MB-PP. As the reason for its high solar reflectance (∼95%) and thermal emittance (∼0.82), the SMB-PP displays subambient temperature drops of 4 °C in the daytime and 5 °C in the nighttime, respectively. Moreover, building energy simulation indicates that the SMB-PP could save ∼132 GJ (∼58.1% of the baseline energy consumption) for 1 year in the contiguous United States. Overall, the bioinspired structures offer a novel pathway out of cooling buildings, showing great promising application prospects in zero-energy buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangbin Yang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing 211816, China
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15
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Jacucci G, Schertel L, Zhang Y, Yang H, Vignolini S. Light Management with Natural Materials: From Whiteness to Transparency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2001215. [PMID: 32700346 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of structuring material at the nanoscale is essential to control light-matter interactions and therefore fabricate next-generation paints and coatings. In this context, nature can serve not only as a source of inspiration for the design of such novel optical structures, but also as a primary source of materials. Here, some of the strategies used in nature to optimize light-matter interaction are reviewed and some of the recent progress in the production of optical materials made solely of plant-derived building blocks is highlighted. In nature, nano- to micrometer-sized structured materials made from biopolymers are at the origin of most of the light-transport effects. How natural photonic systems manage light scattering and what can be learned from plants and animals to produce photonic materials from biopolymers are discussed. Tuning the light-scattering properties via structural variations allows a wide range of appearances to be obtained, from whiteness to transparency, using the same renewable and biodegradable building blocks. Here, various transparent and white cellulose-based materials produced so far are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Jacucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Lukas Schertel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Yating Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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16
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Wang S, Wang Y, Zou Y, Chen G, Ouyang J, Jia D, Zhou Y. Biologically Inspired Scalable-Manufactured Dual-layer Coating with a Hierarchical Micropattern for Highly Efficient Passive Radiative Cooling and Robust Superhydrophobicity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21888-21897. [PMID: 33909403 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired materials for temperature regulation have proven to be promising for passive radiation cooling, and super water repellency is also a main feature of biological evolution. However, the scalable production of artificial passive radiative cooling materials with self-adjusting structures, high-efficiency, strong applicability, and low cost, along with achieving superhydrophobicity simultaneously remains a challenge. Here, a biologically inspired passive radiative cooling dual-layer coating (Bio-PRC) is synthesized by a facile but efficient strategy, after the discovery of long-horned beetles' thermoregulatory behavior with multiscale fluffs, where an adjustable polymer-like layer with a hierarchical micropattern is constructed in various ceramic bottom skeletons, integrating multifunctional components with interlaced "ridge-like" architectures. The Bio-PRC coating reflects above 88% of solar irradiance and demonstrates an infrared emissivity >0.92, which makes the temperature drop by up to 3.6 °C under direct sunlight. Moreover, the hierarchical micro-/nanostructures also endow it with a superhydrophobic surface that has enticing damage resistance, thermal stability, and weatherability. Notably, we demonstrate that the Bio-PRC coatings can be potentially applied in the insulated gate bipolar transistor radiator, for effective temperature conditioning. Meanwhile, the coverage of the dense, super water-repellent top polymer-like layer can prevent the transport of corrosive liquids, ions, and electron transition, illustrating the excellent interdisciplinary applicability of our coatings. This work paves a new way to design next-generation thermal regulation coatings with great potential for applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yaming Wang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yongchun Zou
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiahu Ouyang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dechang Jia
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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17
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Dou S, Xu H, Zhao J, Zhang K, Li N, Lin Y, Pan L, Li Y. Bioinspired Microstructured Materials for Optical and Thermal Regulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000697. [PMID: 32686250 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Precise optical and thermal regulatory systems are found in nature, specifically in the microstructures on organisms' surfaces. In fact, the interaction between light and matter through these microstructures is of great significance to the evolution and survival of organisms. Furthermore, the optical regulation by these biological microstructures is engineered owing to natural selection. Herein, the role that microstructures play in enhancing optical performance or creating new optical properties in nature is summarized, with a focus on the regulation mechanisms of the solar and infrared spectra emanating from the microstructures and their role in the field of thermal radiation. The causes of the unique optical phenomena are discussed, focusing on prevailing characteristics such as high absorption, high transmission, adjustable reflection, adjustable absorption, and dynamic infrared radiative design. On this basis, the comprehensive control performance of light and heat integrated by this bioinspired microstructure is introduced in detail and a solution strategy for the development of low-energy, environmentally friendly, intelligent thermal control instruments is discussed. In order to develop such an instrument, a microstructural design foundation is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Dou
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jiupeng Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yipeng Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Lei Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Yao Li
- Center for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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18
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Eklund A, Zhang H, Zeng H, Priimagi A, Ikkala O. Fast Switching of Bright Whiteness in Channeled Hydrogel Networks. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2000754. [PMID: 32684907 PMCID: PMC7357574 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202000754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Beside pigment absorption and reflection by periodic photonic structures, natural species often use light scattering to achieve whiteness. Synthetic hydrogels offer opportunities in stimuli-responsive materials and devices; however, they are not conventionally considered as ideal materials to achieve high whiteness by scattering due to the ill-defined porosities and the low refractive index contrast between the polymer and water. Herein, a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel network with percolated empty channels (ch-PNIPAm) is demonstrated to possess switchable bright whiteness upon temperature changes, obtained by removing the physical agarose gel in a semi-interpenetrating network of agarose and PNIPAm. The hydrogel is highly transparent at room temperature and becomes brightly white above 35 °C. Compared to conventional PNIPAm, the ch-PNIPAm hydrogel exhibits 80% higher reflectance at 800 nm and 18 times faster phase transition kinetics. The nanoscopic channels in the ch-PNIPAm facilitate water diffusion upon phase transition, thus enabling the formation of smaller pores and enhanced whiteness in the gel. Furthermore, fast photothermally triggered response down to tens of milliseconds can be achieved. This unique property of the ch-PNIPAm hydrogel to efficiently scatter visible light can be potentially used for, e.g., smart windows, optical switches, and, as demonstrated in this report, thermoresponsive color displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Eklund
- Department of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 15100EspooFI 02150Finland
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 15100EspooFI 02150Finland
| | - Hao Zeng
- Smart Photonic MaterialsFaculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesTampere UniversityP.O. Box 541TampereFI‐33101Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Smart Photonic MaterialsFaculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesTampere UniversityP.O. Box 541TampereFI‐33101Finland
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 15100EspooFI 02150Finland
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Biologically inspired flexible photonic films for efficient passive radiative cooling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14657-14666. [PMID: 32541048 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001802117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a fundamental parameter for all forms of lives. Natural evolution has resulted in organisms which have excellent thermoregulation capabilities in extreme climates. Bioinspired materials that mimic biological solution for thermoregulation have proven promising for passive radiative cooling. However, scalable production of artificial photonic radiators with complex structures, outstanding properties, high throughput, and low cost is still challenging. Herein, we design and demonstrate biologically inspired photonic materials for passive radiative cooling, after discovery of longicorn beetles' excellent thermoregulatory function with their dual-scale fluffs. The natural fluffs exhibit a finely structured triangular cross-section with two thermoregulatory effects which effectively reflects sunlight and emits thermal radiation, thereby decreasing the beetles' body temperature. Inspired by the finding, a photonic film consisting of a micropyramid-arrayed polymer matrix with random ceramic particles is fabricated with high throughput. The film reflects ∼95% of solar irradiance and exhibits an infrared emissivity >0.96. The effective cooling power is found to be ∼90.8 W⋅m-2 and a temperature decrease of up to 5.1 °C is recorded under direct sunlight. Additionally, the film exhibits hydrophobicity, superior flexibility, and strong mechanical strength, which is promising for thermal management in various electronic devices and wearable products. Our work paves the way for designing and fabrication of high-performance thermal regulation materials.
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20
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Choi JS, An JH, Lee JK, Lee JY, Kang SM. Optimization of Shapes and Sizes of Moth-Eye-Inspired Structures for the Enhancement of Their Antireflective Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E296. [PMID: 32024283 PMCID: PMC7077486 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel antireflective (AR) structures have attracted tremendous attention and been used in various applications such as solar cells, displays, wearable devices, and others. They have also stimulated the development of several other methods, including moth-eye-inspired technologies. However, the analyses of the shapes and sizes of nanostructures remain a critical issue and need to be considered in the design of effective AR surfaces. Herein, moth-eye and inverse-moth-eye patterned polyurethane-acrylate (PUA) structures (MPS and IMPS) with three different sizes are analyzed and compared to optimize the designed nanostructures to achieve the best optical properties pertaining to maximum transmittance and minimum reflectance. We fabricated moth-eye-inspired conical structures with three different sizes using a simple and robust fabrication method. Furthermore, the fabricated surfaces of the MPS and IMPS structures were analyzed based on the experimental and theoretical variation influences of their optical properties according to their sizes and shapes. As a result of these analyses, we herein propose a standard methodology based on the optimal structure of IMPS structure with a 300 nm diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Seong Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.S.C.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Joon Hyung An
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.S.C.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Jong-Kwon Lee
- National NANOFAB center, Division of Nano-Convergence Material Development, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-K.L.); (J.Y.L.)
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- National NANOFAB center, Division of Nano-Convergence Material Development, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-K.L.); (J.Y.L.)
| | - Seong Min Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (J.S.C.); (J.H.A.)
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Yu S, Chen J, Liang G, Ding X, Tang Y, Li Z. White hairy layer on the Boehmeria nivea leaf-inspiration for reflective coatings. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2019; 15:016003. [PMID: 31652429 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ab5151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Whiteness is an intriguing property in some creature surfaces and usually originates from broadband multi-scattering by the refined structures. In this article, we report that Boehmeria nivea, a widely distributed tropical and subtropical plant, has a highly reflective layer on the lower surface of the leaf. Morphological characterization demonstrates that the layer consists of numerous wrinkled micro-filaments, forming a disordered porous network to efficiently scatter visible light. Moreover, the white layer is shown to exhibit a protection function by reflecting incident light when exposed to high radiation. The reflective layer can slightly improve the absorption by the leaves when light is incident on the upper surface of the leaves. In addition, the porous layer shows hydrophobicity. To mimic the white layer, a well-established electrospinning process is used to fabricate porous polymeric membranes, consisting of nano-wrinkled filaments with micro-sized diameter. Finally, the artificial membranes are demonstrated to have a light-shielding function in a photo-chromic experiment and a light-management ability for quantum dot film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Surface Functional Structure Manufacturing of Guangdong High Education Institutes, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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