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Arslanova A, Matthé I, Deschaume O, Bartic C, Monnens W, Reichel EK, Reddy N, Fransaer J, Clasen C. Sideways propelled bimetallic rods at the water/oil interface. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6896-6902. [PMID: 37606644 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00466j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The motion of self-propelling microswimmers is significantly affected by confinement, which can enhance or reduce their mobility and also steer the direction of their propulsion. While their interactions with solid boundaries have already received considerable attention, many aspects of the influence of liquid-liquid interfaces (LLI) on active particle propulsion still remain unexplored. In this work, we studied the adsorption and motion of bimetallic Janus sideways propelled rods dispersed at the interface between an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and oil. The wetting properties of the bimetallic rods result in a wide distribution of their velocities at the LLI. While a fraction of rods remain immotile, we note a significant enhancement of motility for the rest of the particles with velocities of up to 8 times higher in comparison to those observed near a solid wall. Liquid-liquid interfaces, therefore, can provide a new way to regulate the propulsion of bimetallic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Arslanova
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ine Matthé
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Carmen Bartic
- Department of Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wouter Monnens
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erwin Konrad Reichel
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsensors, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Naveen Reddy
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Hasselt, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- IMO-IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jan Fransaer
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christian Clasen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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2
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Gong J, Shaik VA, Elfring GJ. Active particles crossing sharp viscosity gradients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:596. [PMID: 36631505 PMCID: PMC9834246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Active particles (living or synthetic) often move through inhomogeneous environments, such as gradients in light, heat or nutrient concentration, that can lead to directed motion (or taxis). Recent research has explored inhomogeneity in the rheological properties of a suspending fluid, in particular viscosity, as a mechanical (rather than biological) mechanism for taxis. Theoretical and experimental studies have shown that gradients in viscosity can lead to reorientation due to asymmetric viscous forces. In particular, recent experiments with Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii algae swimming across sharp viscosity gradients have observed that the microorganisms are redirected and scattered due to the viscosity change. Here we develop a simple theoretical model to explain these experiments. We model the swimmers as spherical squirmers and focus on small, but sharp, viscosity changes. We derive a law, analogous to Snell's law of refraction, that governs the orientation of active particles in the presence of a viscosity interface. Theoretical predictions show good agreement with experiments and provide a mechanistic understanding of the observed reorientation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Gong
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, 1984 Mathematics Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Vaseem A Shaik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Gwynn J Elfring
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, 1984 Mathematics Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z2, Canada. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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3
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Antunes GC, Malgaretti P, Harting J, Dietrich S. Pumping and Mixing in Active Pores. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:188003. [PMID: 36374705 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.188003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We show both numerically and analytically that a chemically patterned active pore can act as a micro- or nanopump for fluids, even if it is fore-aft symmetric. This is possible due to a spontaneous symmetry breaking which occurs when advection rather than diffusion is the dominant mechanism of solute transport. We further demonstrate that, for pumping and tuning the flow rate, a combination of geometrical and chemical inhomogeneities is required. For certain parameter values, the flow is unsteady, and persistent oscillations with a tunable frequency appear. Finally, we find that the flow exhibits convection rolls and hence promotes mixing in the low Reynolds number regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Antunes
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Malgaretti
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Harting
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department Chemie-und Bioingenieurwesen und Department Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - S Dietrich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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4
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Active Colloids on Fluid Interfaces. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Palacios LS, Scagliarini A, Pagonabarraga I. A lattice Boltzmann model for self-diffusiophoretic particles near and at liquid-liquid interfaces. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:224105. [PMID: 35705409 DOI: 10.1063/5.0087203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a novel mesoscopic computational model based on a multiphase-multicomponent lattice Boltzmann method for the simulation of self-phoretic particles in the presence of liquid-liquid interfaces. Our model features fully resolved solvent hydrodynamics, and, thanks to its versatility, it can handle important aspects of the multiphysics of the problem, including particle wettability and differential solubility of the product in the two liquid phases. The method is extensively validated in simple numerical experiments, whose outcome is theoretically predictable, and then applied to the study of the behavior of active particles next to and trapped at interfaces. We show that their motion can be variously steered by tuning relevant control parameters, such as the phoretic mobilities, the contact angle, and the product solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas S Palacios
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Scagliarini
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo, CNR-Via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ignacio Pagonabarraga
- Departament de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franqués 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Arya P, Umlandt M, Jelken J, Feldmann D, Lomadze N, Asmolov ES, Vinogradova OI, Santer S. Light-induced manipulation of passive and active microparticles. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:50. [PMID: 33834353 PMCID: PMC8032649 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We consider sedimented at a solid wall particles that are immersed in water containing small additives of photosensitive ionic surfactants. It is shown that illumination with an appropriate wavelength, a beam intensity profile, shape and size could lead to a variety of dynamic, both unsteady and steady state, configurations of particles. These dynamic, well-controlled and switchable particle patterns at the wall are due to an emerging diffusio-osmotic flow that takes its origin in the adjacent to the wall electrostatic diffuse layer, where the concentration gradients of surfactant are induced by light. The conventional nonporous particles are passive and can move only with already generated flow. However, porous colloids actively participate themselves in the flow generation mechanism at the wall, which also sets their interactions that can be very long ranged. This light-induced diffusio-osmosis opens novel avenues to manipulate colloidal particles and assemble them to various patterns. We show in particular how to create and split optically the confined regions of particles of tunable size and shape, where well-controlled flow-induced forces on the colloids could result in their crystalline packing, formation of dilute lattices of well-separated particles, and other states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Arya
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Maren Umlandt
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Joachim Jelken
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - David Feldmann
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nino Lomadze
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Evgeny S Asmolov
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Olga I Vinogradova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Svetlana Santer
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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Squarcini A, Malgaretti P. Inhomogeneous surface tension of chemically active fluid interfaces. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:234903. [PMID: 33353340 DOI: 10.1063/5.0025989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the dependence of the surface tension of a fluid interface on the density profile of a third suspended phase. By means of an approximated model for the binary mixture and of a perturbative approach, we derive closed-form expressions for the free energy of the system and for the surface tension of the interface. Our results show a remarkable non-monotonous dependence of the surface tension on the spatial separation between the peaks of the density of the suspended phase. Our results also predict the local value of the surface tension in the case in which the density of the suspended phase is not homogeneous along the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Squarcini
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstr. 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Paolo Malgaretti
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstr. 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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