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Hoffmann L, Beerwerth J, Moch K, Böhmer R. Phenol, the simplest aromatic monohydroxy alcohol, displays a faint Debye-like process when mixed with a nonassociating liquid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24042-24059. [PMID: 37654228 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02774k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Solvated in propylene carbonate, viscous phenol is studied using dielectric spectroscopy and shear rheology. In addition, several oxygen-17 and deuteron nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques are applied to specifically isotope labeled equimolar mixtures. Quantum chemical calculations are used to check the electrical field gradient at phenol's oxygen site. The chosen combination of NMR methods facilitates the selective examination of potentially hydrogen-bond related contributions as well as those dominated by the structural relaxation. Taken together the present results for phenol in equimolar mixtures with the van der Waals liquid propylene carbonate provide evidence for the existence of a very weak Debye-like process that originates from ringlike supramolecular associates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hoffmann
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joachim Beerwerth
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kevin Moch
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Roland Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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2
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González-Jiménez M, Barnard T, Russell BA, Tukachev NV, Javornik U, Hayes LA, Farrell AJ, Guinane S, Senn HM, Smith AJ, Wilding M, Mali G, Nakano M, Miyazaki Y, McMillan P, Sosso GC, Wynne K. Understanding the emergence of the boson peak in molecular glasses. Nat Commun 2023; 14:215. [PMID: 36639380 PMCID: PMC9839737 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A common feature of glasses is the "boson peak", observed as an excess in the heat capacity over the crystal or as an additional peak in the terahertz vibrational spectrum. The microscopic origins of this peak are not well understood; the emergence of locally ordered structures has been put forward as a possible candidate. Here, we show that depolarised Raman scattering in liquids consisting of highly symmetric molecules can be used to isolate the boson peak, allowing its detailed observation from the liquid into the glass. The boson peak in the vibrational spectrum matches the excess heat capacity. As the boson peak intensifies on cooling, wide-angle x-ray scattering shows the simultaneous appearance of a pre-peak due to molecular clusters consisting of circa 20 molecules. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations indicate that these are caused by over-coordinated molecules. These findings represent an essential step toward our understanding of the physics of vitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trent Barnard
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | - Ben A. Russell
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XSchool of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nikita V. Tukachev
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XSchool of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Uroš Javornik
- grid.454324.00000 0001 0661 0844Slovenian NMR Centre, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Laure-Anne Hayes
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XSchool of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew J. Farrell
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XSchool of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sarah Guinane
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XSchool of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hans M. Senn
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XSchool of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew J. Smith
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Harwell, UK
| | - Martin Wilding
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670School of Chemistry, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gregor Mali
- grid.454324.00000 0001 0661 0844Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Motohiro Nakano
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Research Center for Thermal and Entropic Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyazaki
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Research Center for Thermal and Entropic Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Paul McMillan
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriele C. Sosso
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | - Klaas Wynne
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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3
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Zhang DM, Sun DY, Gong XG. Angell plot from the potential energy landscape perspective. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:064129. [PMID: 36671189 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.064129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Within the scenario of the potential energy landscape (PEL), a thermodynamic model has been developed to uncover the physics behind the Angell plot. In our model, by separating the barrier distribution in PELs into a Gaussian-like and a power-law form, we obtain a general relationship between the relaxation time and the temperature. The wide range of the experimental data in the Angell plot, as well as the molecular-dynamics data, can be excellently fitted by two characteristic parameters, the effective barrier (ω) and the effective width (σ) of a Gaussian-like distribution. More importantly, the fitted ω and σ^{2} for all glasses are found to have a simple linear relationship within a very narrow band, and fragile and strong glasses are well separated in the ω-σ^{2} plot, which indicates that glassy states appear only in a specific region of the PEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), Institute of Computational Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - D Y Sun
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Qi Zhi Institution, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - X G Gong
- Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), Institute of Computational Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Shanghai Qi Zhi Institution, Shanghai 200030, China
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Stoppleman JP, McDaniel JG, Cicerone MT. Excitations follow (or lead?) density scaling in propylene carbonate. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:204506. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0123444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural excitations that enable interbasin (IB) barrier crossings on a potential energy landscape are thought to play a facilitating role in the relaxation of liquids. Here, we show that the population of these excitations exhibits the same density scaling observed for α relaxation in propylene carbonate, even though they are heavily influenced by intramolecular modes. We also find that IB crossing modes exhibit a Gr[Formula: see text]neisen parameter ( γ G) that is approximately equivalent to the density scaling parameter γ TS. These observations suggest that the well-documented relationship between γ G and γ TS may be a direct result of the pressure dependence of the frequency of unstable (relaxation) modes associated with IB motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P. Stoppleman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA,
| | - Jesse G. McDaniel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA,
| | - Marcus T. Cicerone
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA,
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