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Zhou Y, Sun M, Xuanyuan T, Zhang J, Liu X, Liu W. Straightforward Cell Patterning with Ultra-Low Background Using Polydimethylsiloxane Through-Hole Membranes. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300267. [PMID: 37580176 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Micropatterning is becoming an increasingly popular tool to realize microscale cell positioning and decipher cell activities and functions under specific microenvironments. However, a facile methodology for building a highly precise cell pattern still remains challenging. In this study, A simple and straightforward method for stable and efficient cell patterning with ultra-low background using polydimethylsiloxane through-hole membranes is developed. The patterning process is conveniently on the basis of membrane peeling and routine pipetting. Cell patterning in high quality involving over 97% patterning coincidence and zero residue on the background is achieved. The high repeatability and stability of the established method for multiple types of cell arrangements with different spatial profiles is demonstrated. The customizable cell patterning with ultra-low background and high diversity is confirmed to be quite feasible and reliable. Furthermore, the applicability of the patterning method for investigating the fundamental cell activities is also verified experimentally. The authors believe this microengineering advancement has valuable applications in many microscale cell manipulation-associated research fields including cell biology, cell engineering, cell imaging, and cell sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Meilin Sun
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Tingting Xuanyuan
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xufang Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Wenming Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
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Yin S, Lu R, Liu C, Zhu S, Wan H, Lin Y, Wang Q, Qu X, Li J. Composite Microfluidic Petri Dish-Chip (MPD-Chip) without Protein Coating for 2D Cell Culture. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15643-15652. [PMID: 37906157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilicity is a requisite attribute for the 2D cell culture substrate's surface, facilitating cell adhesion and spreading. Conventional poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic chips necessitate protein coatings to enhance hydrophilicity; however, this approach is afflicted by issues of transient efficacy, interference with cell analysis, and high costs. This paper presents a protein-free microfluidic chip, termed a "microfluidic Petri dish-chip (MPD-chip)", integrating PDMS as the cover and a tissue culture-treated (TC-treated) Petri dish as the substrate. Microstructures are hot-embossed onto the Petri dish substrate using a silicon mold. This meticulous replication process serves to establish stable flow field dynamics within the chip. A simplified method for irreversible bonding, utilizing plasma activation and silylation, is proposed for affixing the PDMS cover onto the microstructured Petri dish substrate. The prepared composite chip exhibits remarkable tightness, boasting a notable bond strength of 2825 kPa. Furthermore, the composite microfluidic chip demonstrates the capability to withstand flow velocities of at least 200 μL/min, effectively meeting the required injection standards for both cell suspension and culture medium. SH-SY5Y and HeLa cells are cultured dynamically in the MPD-chip and control groups. Outcomes encompassing normalized cell density, cell adhesion area, and cell viability metrics unequivocally highlight the superiority of the MPD-chip in facilitating long-term two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Yin
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ruoyu Lu
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shicheng Zhu
- Guangzhou Wondfo Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Huifang Wan
- Guangzhou Wondfo Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yayun Lin
- Guangzhou Wondfo Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Hebei Sailhero Environmental Protection High-Tech Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Xiaohu Qu
- Hebei Sailhero Environmental Protection High-Tech Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Jingmin Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Zhang Q, Xie T, Yi X, Xing G, Feng S, Chen S, Li Y, Lin JM. Microfluidic Aqueous Two-Phase Focusing of Chemical Species for In Situ Subcellular Stimulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45640-45650. [PMID: 37733946 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Confinement of chemical species in a controllable micrometer-level (several to a dozen micrometers) space in an aqueous environment is essential for precisely manipulating chemical events in subcellular regions. However, rapid diffusion and hard-to-control micrometer-level fluids make it a tough challenge. Here, a versatile open microfluidic method based on an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is developed to restrict species inside an open space with micron-level width. Unequal standard chemical potentials of the chemical species in two phases and space-time correspondence in the microfluidic system prevent outward diffusion across the phase interface, retaining the target species inside its preferred phase flow and creating a sharp boundary with a dramatic concentration change. Then, the chemical flow (the preferred phase with target chemical species) is precisely manipulated by a microfluidic probe, which can be compressed to a micron-level width and aimed at an arbitrary position of the sample. As a demonstration of the feasibility and versatility of the strategy, chemical flow is successfully applied to subcellular regions of various kinds of living single cells. Subcellular regions are successfully labeled (cytomembrane and mitochondria) and damaged. Healing-regeneration behaviors of living single cells are triggered by subcellular damage and analyzed. The method is relatively general regarding the species of chemicals and biosamples, which could promote deeper cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianze Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xizhen Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gaowa Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuo Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shulang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Montalà-Flaquer M, López-León CF, Tornero D, Houben AM, Fardet T, Monceau P, Bottani S, Soriano J. Rich dynamics and functional organization on topographically designed neuronal networks in vitro. iScience 2022; 25:105680. [PMID: 36567712 PMCID: PMC9768383 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal cultures are a prominent experimental tool to understand complex functional organization in neuronal assemblies. However, neurons grown on flat surfaces exhibit a strongly coherent bursting behavior with limited functionality. To approach the functional richness of naturally formed neuronal circuits, here we studied neuronal networks grown on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) topographical patterns shaped as either parallel tracks or square valleys. We followed the evolution of spontaneous activity in these cultures along 20 days in vitro using fluorescence calcium imaging. The networks were characterized by rich spatiotemporal activity patterns that comprised from small regions of the culture to its whole extent. Effective connectivity analysis revealed the emergence of spatially compact functional modules that were associated with both the underpinned topographical features and predominant spatiotemporal activity fronts. Our results show the capacity of spatial constraints to mold activity and functional organization, bringing new opportunities to comprehend the structure-function relationship in living neuronal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Montalà-Flaquer
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara F. López-León
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Tornero
- Laboratory of Neural Stem Cells and Brain Damage, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Akke Mats Houben
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanguy Fardet
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris, France,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pascal Monceau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Samuel Bottani
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université de Paris, UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jordi Soriano
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain,Corresponding author
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5
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Chow SYA, Hu H, Osaki T, Levi T, Ikeuchi Y. Advances in construction and modeling of functional neural circuits in vitro. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2529-2544. [PMID: 35943626 PMCID: PMC9463289 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, techniques have been developed to culture and assemble neurons, which brought us closer to creating neuronal circuits that functionally and structurally mimic parts of the brain. Starting with primary culture of neurons, preparations of neuronal culture have advanced substantially. Development of stem cell research and brain organoids has opened a new path for generating three-dimensional human neural circuits. Along with the progress in biology, engineering technologies advanced and paved the way for construction of neural circuit structures. In this article, we overview research progress and discuss perspective of in vitro neural circuits and their ability and potential to acquire functions. Construction of in vitro neural circuits with complex higher-order functions would be achieved by converging development in diverse major disciplines including neuroscience, stem cell biology, tissue engineering, electrical engineering and computer science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Yu A Chow
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Huaruo Hu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Osaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Timothée Levi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- IMS laboratory, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Yoshiho Ikeuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Novel Quick Cell Patterning Using Light-Responsive Gas-Generating Polymer and Fluorescence Microscope. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13020320. [PMID: 35208444 PMCID: PMC8875422 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cell patterning methods are mainly based on hydrophilic/hydrophobic differences or chemical coating for cell adhesion/non-adhesion with wavering strength as it varies with the substrate surface conditions, including the cell type and the extracellular matrix components (ECMs) coating; thus, the versatility and stability of cell patterning methods must be improved. In this study, we propose a new cell patterning method using a light-responsive gas-generating polymer (LGP) and a conventional fluorescence microscope. Herein, cells and cellular tissues are easily released from the substrate surface by the nitrogen gas bubbles generated from LGP by the excitation light for fluorescence observation without harming the cells. The LGP-implanted chip was fabricated by packing LGP into a polystyrene (PS) microarray chip with a concave pattern. HeLa cells were spread on the LGP-implanted chips coated with three different ECMs (fibronectin, collagen, and poly-D-lysine), and all HeLa cells on the three LGP patterns were released. The pattern error between the LGP pattern and the remaining HeLa cells was 8.81 ± 4.24 μm, less than single-cell size. In addition, the LGP-implanted chip method can be applied to millimeter-scale patterns, with less than 30 s required for cell patterning. Therefore, the proposed method is a simple and rapid cell patterning method with high cell patterning accuracy of less than the cell size error, high scalability, versatility, and stability unaffected by the cell type or the ECM coating.
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