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Das A, Adhikary S, Chowdhury AR, Barui A. Chirality-induced Lineage Enforcement of Mechanosensitive Mesenchymal Stem Cells Across Germ Layer Boundaries. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:755-768. [PMID: 37971671 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) is instrumental in embryogenesis, tissue repair, and wound healing while the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays role in carcinogenesis. Alteration in microenvironment can modulate cellular signaling and induce EMT and MET. However, modulation of microenvironment to induce MET has been relatively less explored. In this work, effect of matrix stiffness in mediating MET in umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC) is investigated. Differential segregation of cell fate determinant proteins is one of the key factors in mediating altered stem cell fates through MET even though the genesis of apicobasal polarity remains ambiguous. Herein, it is also attempted to decipher if microenvironment-induced asymmetric cell division has a role to play in driving the cells toward MET. UCMSC cultured on stiffer PDMS matrices resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) higher expression of mechanotransduction proteins. It was also observed that stiffer matrices mediated significant (p < 0.05) upregulation of the polarity proteins and cell fate determinant protein, and epithelial marker proteins over lesser stiff substrates. On the contrary, expression of inflammatory and mesenchymal markers was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) on the stiffer matrices. Cell cycle analysis showed a significant increase in the G1 phase among the cells seeded on stiffer matrices. Transcriptomic studies validated higher expression of epithelial markers genes and lower expression of EMT markers. The transition from mesenchymal to epithelial phenotype depending on the gradation in matrix stiffness is successfully demonstrated. A computational machine learning model was developed to validate stiffness-MET correlation with 94% accuracy. The cross-boundary trans-lineage differentiation capability of MSC on bioengineered substrates can be used as a potential tool in tissue regeneration, organogenesis, and wound healing applications. In our present study, we deciphered the correlation between YAP/TAZ mechanotransduction pathway, EMT signaling pathway, and asymmetric cell division in mediating MET in MSC in a substrate stiffness-dependent manner. It is inferred that the stiffer PDMS matrices facilitate the transition from mesenchymal to epithelial state of MSC. Further, our study also proposed a scoring system to sort MSC from an intermediate hybrid E/M population while undergoing graded MET on matrices of different stiffnesses using a machine learning technique. This proposed scoring system can provide information regarding the E/M state of MSC on different bioengineered constructs based on their biophysical properties which may help in the proper choice of biomaterials in complex tissue-engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Das
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Shreya Adhikary
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Amit Roy Chowdhury
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
- Department of Aerospace and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Ananya Barui
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India.
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Chaix A, Cueto-Diaz E, Dominguez-Gil S, Spiteri C, Lichon L, Maynadier M, Dumail X, Aggad D, Delalande A, Bessière A, Pichon C, Chiappini C, Sailor MJ, Bettache N, Gary-Bobo M, Durand JO, Nguyen C, Cunin F. Two-Photon Light Trigger siRNA Transfection of Cancer Cells Using Non-Toxic Porous Silicon Nanoparticles. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301052. [PMID: 37499629 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The concept of using two-photon excitation in the NIR for the spatiotemporal control of biological processes holds great promise. However, its use for the delivery of nucleic acids has been very scarcely described and the reported procedures are not optimal as they often involve potentially toxic materials and irradiation conditions. This work prepares a simple system made of biocompatible porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNP) for the safe siRNA photocontrolled delivery and gene silencing in cells upon two-photon excitation. PSiNP are linked to an azobenzene moiety, which possesses a lysine group (pSiNP@ICPES-azo@Lys) to efficiently complex siRNA. Non-linear excitation of the two-photon absorber system (pSiNP) followed by intermolecular energy transfer (FRET) to trans azobenzene moiety, result in the photoisomerization of the azobenzene from trans to cis and in the destabilization of the azobenzene-siRNA complex, thus inducing the delivery of the cargo siRNA to the cytoplasm of cells. Efficient silencing in MCF-7 expressing stable firefly luciferase with siRNAluc against luciferase is observed. Furthermore, siRNA against inhibitory apoptotic protein (IAP) leads to over 70% of MCF-7 cancer cell death. The developed technique using two-photon light allows a unique high spatiotemporally controlled and safe siRNA delivery in cells in few seconds of irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Chaix
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34293, France
| | - Eduardo Cueto-Diaz
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34293, France
| | | | - Chantelle Spiteri
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Laure Lichon
- IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, 34093, France
| | - Marie Maynadier
- NanoMedSyn Avenue Charles Flahault, Montpellier Cedex 05, 34093, France
| | - Xavier Dumail
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34293, France
| | - Dina Aggad
- IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, 34093, France
| | - Anthony Delalande
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Orléans cedex 02, F-45071, France
- Inserm UMS 55, ART ARNm and University of Orléans, Orléans, F-45100, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, Paris, F-75035, France
| | - Aurélie Bessière
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34293, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Orléans cedex 02, F-45071, France
- Inserm UMS 55, ART ARNm and University of Orléans, Orléans, F-45100, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, Paris, F-75035, France
| | - Ciro Chiappini
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Michael J Sailor
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 9500 Gilman Drive, m/c 0358, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nadir Bettache
- IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, 34093, France
| | - Magali Gary-Bobo
- IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, 34093, France
| | | | | | - Frédérique Cunin
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34293, France
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Terhune AH, Fu J. Elucidating the behavior of trophectoderm derivatives in mouse implantation. Dev Cell 2022; 57:295-297. [PMID: 35134342 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Studying mammalian implantation in utero is difficult, but many in vitro models of peri-implantation development lack contributions from extra-embryonic tissues. Two recently published Developmental Cell papers present biomimetic systems for culturing peri-implantation mouse blastocysts ex vivo. These papers reveal dynamics and developmental impacts of two essential trophectoderm derivatives: extra-embryonic ectoderm and trophoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan H Terhune
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Argentiere S, Siciliano PA, Blasi L. How Microgels Can Improve the Impact of Organ-on-Chip and Microfluidic Devices for 3D Culture: Compartmentalization, Single Cell Encapsulation and Control on Cell Fate. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3216. [PMID: 34641032 PMCID: PMC8512905 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Organ-on-chip (OOC) devices represent the new frontier in biomedical research to produce micro-organoids and tissues for drug testing and regenerative medicine. The development of such miniaturized models requires the 3D culture of multiple cell types in a highly controlled microenvironment, opening new challenges in reproducing the extracellular matrix (ECM) experienced by cells in vivo. In this regard, cell-laden microgels (CLMs) represent a promising tool for 3D cell culturing and on-chip generation of micro-organs. The engineering of hydrogel matrix with properly balanced biochemical and biophysical cues enables the formation of tunable 3D cellular microenvironments and long-term in vitro cultures. This focused review provides an overview of the most recent applications of CLMs in microfluidic devices for organoids formation, highlighting microgels' roles in OOC development as well as insights into future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Blasi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems IMM-CNR, Via Monteroni, University Campus, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (S.A.); (P.A.S.)
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Stengelin E, Nzigou Mombo B, Mondeshki M, Beltramo GL, Lange MA, Schmidt P, Frerichs H, Wegner SV, Seiffert S. Rational Design of Thermoresponsive Microgel Templates with Polydopamine Surface Coating for Microtissue Applications. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100209. [PMID: 34342150 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Functional microgels provide a versatile basis for synthetic in vitro platforms as alternatives to animal experiments. The tuning of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of synthetic microgels can be achieved by blending suitable polymers and formulating them such to reflect the heterogenous and complex nature of biological tissues. Based on this premise, this paper introduces the development of volume-switchable core-shell microgels as 3D templates to enable cell growth for microtissue applications, using a systematic approach to tune the microgel properties based on a deep conceptual and practical understanding. Microscopic microgel design, such as the tailoring of the microgel size and spherical shape, is achieved by droplet-based microfluidics, while on a nanoscopic scale, a thermoresponsive polymer basis, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), is used to provide the microgel volume switchability. Since PNIPAAm has only limited cell-growth promoting properties, the cell adhesion on the microgel is further improved by surface modification with polydopamine, which only slightly affects the microgel properties, thereby simplifying the system. To further tune the microgel thermoresponsiveness, different amounts of N-hydroxyethylacrylamide are incorporated into the PNIPAAm network. In a final step, cell growth on the microgel surface is investigated, both at a single microgel platform and in spheroidal cell structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Stengelin
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Brice Nzigou Mombo
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Mihail Mondeshki
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Guillermo L Beltramo
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 2 (IBI-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, D-52428, Germany
| | - Martin A Lange
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Patrick Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Hajo Frerichs
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Serafine V Wegner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
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