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Badenhorst M, Windhorst AD, Beaino W. Navigating the landscape of PD-1/PD-L1 imaging tracers: from challenges to opportunities. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1401515. [PMID: 38915766 PMCID: PMC11195831 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1401515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy targeted to immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as the program cell death receptor (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, it is now well-known that PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy response is inconsistent among patients. The current challenge is to customize treatment regimens per patient, which could be possible if the PD-1/PD-L1 expression and dynamic landscape are known. With positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, it is possible to image these immune targets non-invasively and system-wide during therapy. A successful PET imaging tracer should meet specific criteria concerning target affinity, specificity, clearance rate and target-specific uptake, to name a few. The structural profile of such a tracer will define its properties and can be used to optimize tracers in development and design new ones. Currently, a range of PD-1/PD-L1-targeting PET tracers are available from different molecular categories that have shown impressive preclinical and clinical results, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. This review will provide an overview of current PET tracers targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Antibody, peptide, and antibody fragment tracers will be discussed with respect to their molecular characteristics and binding properties and ways to optimize them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Badenhorst
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Albert D. Windhorst
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wissam Beaino
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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2
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Xu Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhang P. Recent Progress in Peptide-Based Molecular Probes for Disease Bioimaging. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2222-2242. [PMID: 38437161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Recent strides in molecular pathology have unveiled distinctive alterations at the molecular level throughout the onset and progression of diseases. Enhancing the in vivo visualization of these biomarkers is crucial for advancing disease classification, staging, and treatment strategies. Peptide-based molecular probes (PMPs) have emerged as versatile tools due to their exceptional ability to discern these molecular changes with unparalleled specificity and precision. In this Perspective, we first summarize the methodologies for crafting innovative functional peptides, emphasizing recent advancements in both peptide library technologies and computer-assisted peptide design approaches. Furthermore, we offer an overview of the latest advances in PMPs within the realm of biological imaging, showcasing their varied applications in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. We also briefly address current challenges and potential future directions in this dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Junfan Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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3
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Martin S, Wendlinger L, Litvinenko A, Faizova R, Schottelius M. Validation of a size exclusion method for concomitant purification and formulation of peptide radiopharmaceuticals. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:23. [PMID: 38512591 PMCID: PMC10957824 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both in clinical routine and in preclinical research, the established standard procedure for the final purification of radiometal-labeled peptide radiopharmaceuticals is cartridge-based reversed-phase (RP) solid phase extraction (SPE). It allows the rapid and quantitative separation of the radiolabeled peptide from hydrophilic impurities and easy integration into automated synthesis procedures. However, product elution from RP cartridges necessitates the use of organic solvents and product recovery is sometimes limited. Thus, an alternative purification method based on commercially available size exclusion cartridges was investigated. RESULTS Since most peptide radiopharmaceuticals have a molecular weight > 1 kDa, Sephadex G10 cartridges with a molecular size cut-off of 700 Da were used for the final purification of a broad palette of 68Ga-, 64Cu- and 99mTc-labeled experimental peptide radiotracers as well as the clinically relevant ligand PSMA-617. Results (radiochemical purity (RCP, determined by ITLC), recovery from the solid support) were compared to the respective standard RP-SPE method. Generally, retention of unreacted 68Ga, 64Cu and 99mTc salts on the G10 cartridges was quantitative up to the specified elution volume (1.2 mL) for 68Ga and 99mTc and 99.6% for 64Cu. Even at increased elution volumes of 1.5-2 mL, RCPs of the eluted 68Ga- and 99mTc -radiopeptides were > 99%. For all peptides with a molecular weight ≥ 2 kDa, product recovery from the G10 cartridges was consistently > 85% upon respective adjustment of the elution volume. Product recovery was lowest for [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-617 (67%, 1.2 mL to 84%, 2 mL). The pH of the final product solution was found to be volume-dependent (1.2 mL: pH 6.3; 1.5 mL: pH 5.9; 2 mL: pH 5.5). Notably, the G10 cartridges were reused up to 20 times without compromising performance, and implementation of the method in an automated radiosynthesis procedure was successful. CONCLUSIONS Overall, size exclusion purification yielded all peptide radiopharmaceuticals in excellent radiochemical purities (> 99%) in saline within 10-12 min. Although product recovery is marginally inferior to classical SPE purifications, this method has the advantage of completely avoiding organic solvents and representing a cost-effective, easy-to-implement purification approach for automated radiotracer synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Martin
- Translational Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 25A, Agora, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
- AGORA, Pôle de recherche sur le cancer, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- SCCL Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Lennard Wendlinger
- Translational Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 25A, Agora, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
- AGORA, Pôle de recherche sur le cancer, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- SCCL Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Litvinenko
- Translational Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 25A, Agora, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
- AGORA, Pôle de recherche sur le cancer, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- SCCL Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Radmila Faizova
- Translational Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 25A, Agora, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
- AGORA, Pôle de recherche sur le cancer, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- SCCL Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Margret Schottelius
- Translational Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 25A, Agora, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland.
- AGORA, Pôle de recherche sur le cancer, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
- SCCL Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
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4
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Ding X, Wang S, Liu W, Hu M, Liu Z. PET Imaging of Peptide Probe Al[ 18F]F-NOTA-PCP1 for Monitoring the Engagement of PD-L1 Antibodies in Tumors. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1515-1525. [PMID: 38291578 PMCID: PMC10915797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a powerful treatment modality for various types of cancer. The effectiveness of ICIs is intimately connected to the binding status of antibodies to receptors. However, validated means to accurately evaluate target specificity and predict antibody efficacy in vivo are lacking. A novel peptide-based probe called Al[18F]F-NOTA-PCP1 was developed and validated for its specificity to PD-L1 in A549, U87MG, GL261, and GL261-iPDL1 cell lines, as well as in xenograft models. Then the probe was used in PET/CT scans to determine the binding status of PD-L1 antibodies (atezolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab) in U87MG xenograft model mice. Moreover, Al[18F]F-NOTA-PCP1 was used to evaluate the impact of different treatment times and doses. Al[18F]F-NOTA-PCP1 PET/CT can be used to evaluate the interaction between PD-L1 and antibodies to determine the effectiveness of immunotherapy. By quantifying target engagement, the probe has the potential to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy and optimize the dose and treatment schedules for PD-L1 immunotherapy. This imaging agent could be a valuable tool in guiding personalized treatment strategies and improving cancer patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy
of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy
of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong China
| | - Yunhao Chen
- Department
of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital. Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Xingchen Ding
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy
of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong China
| | - Shijie Wang
- Shandong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital
and Institute, Shandong First Medical University,
Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy
of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong China
| | - Man Hu
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Shandong University
Cancer Center, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy
of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- College of
Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
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5
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Zhou M, Xiang S, Zhao Y, Tang Y, Yang J, Yin X, Tian J, Hu S, Du Y. [ 68Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 PET imaging to assess the PD-L1 status in preclinical and first-in-human study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:369-379. [PMID: 37759096 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE PD-L1 PET imaging, as a non-invasive procedure, can perform a real-time, dynamic and quantitative analysis of PD-L1 expression at tumor sites. In this study, we developed a novel peptide-based PET tracer, [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12, for preclinical and first-of-its-kind imaging of PD-L1 expression in patients. METHODS Radiosynthesis of [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 was conducted. Assays for cellular uptake and binding were conducted on the PANC02, CT26, and B16F10 cell lines. Preclinical models were used to investigate its biodistribution, imaging capacity, and pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was used for development of an animal model with high PD-L1 expression for targeted PET imaging and efficacy evaluation of PD-L1 blocking therapy. In healthy volunteers and cancer patients, the PD-L1 imaging, radiation dosimetry, safety, and biodistribution were further evaluated. RESULTS In vitro and in vivo animal studies showed that [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 PET imaging displayed a high specificity in evaluating PD-L1 expression. The radiochemical yield of [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 was 71.7 ± 8.2%. Additionally, its molar activity and radiochemical purity were satisfactory. The B16F10 tumor was visualized with the tumor uptake of 6.86 ± 0.71% ID/g and tumor-to-muscle ratio of 6.83 ± 0.36 at 60 min after [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 injection. Furthermore, [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 PET imaging could sensitively detect the PD-L1 dynamic changes in CT26 tumor xenograft models regulated by IFN-γ treatment, and correspondingly can effectively guide immunotherapy. Regarding radiation dosimetry, [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 is safe for human use. The first human study found that [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 can be rapidly cleared from blood and other nonspecific organs through the kidney excretion, leading to form a clear imaging contrast in the clinical framework. The specificity of [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 was validated and tumor uptake strongly correlated with the high PD-L1 expression in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). CONCLUSION [68 Ga]Ga-AUNP-12 was successfully developed as a PD-L1-specific PET imaging tracer in preclinical and first-in-human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shijun Xiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yajie Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yongxiang Tang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jinhui Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Beihang University, No. 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Yang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing, 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Yang L, Lei L, He B, Cao J, Gao H. Challenges Coexist with Opportunities: Spatial Heterogeneity Expression of PD-L1 in Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303175. [PMID: 37934012 PMCID: PMC10767451 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy using anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies has been used in various clinical applications and achieved certain results. However, such limitations as autoimmunity, tumor hyperprogression, and overall low patient response rate impede its further clinical application. Mounting evidence has revealed that PD-L1 is not only present in tumor cell membrane but also in cytoplasm, exosome, or even nucleus. Among these, the dynamic and spatial heterogeneous expression of PD-L1 in tumors is mainly responsible for the unsatisfactory efficacy of PD-L1 antibodies. Hence, numerous studies focus on inhibiting or degrading PD-L1 to improve immune response, while a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying spatial heterogeneity of PD-L1 can fundamentally transform the current status of PD-L1 antibodies in clinical development. Herein, the concept of spatial heterogeneous expression of PD-L1 is creatively introduced, encompassing the structure and biological functions of various kinds of PD-L1 (including mPD-L1, cPD-L1, nPD-L1, and exoPD-L1). Then an in-depth analysis of the regulatory mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of PD-L1 is provided, seeking to offer a solid basis for future investigation. Moreover, the current status of agents is summarized, especially small molecular modulators development directed at these new targets, offering a novel perspective on potential PD-L1 therapeutics strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhen Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education MinistrySichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education MinistrySichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Lianyi Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Lei Lei
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Bin He
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Jun Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsCollege of Biomedical EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education MinistrySichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant‐Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
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7
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Zhang L, Zhang S, Wu J, Wang Y, Wu Y, Sun X, Wang X, Shen J, Xie L, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Hu K, Wang F, Wang R, Zhang MR. Linear Peptide-Based PET Tracers for Imaging PD-L1 in Tumors. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4256-4267. [PMID: 37368947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 are particularly interesting immune checkpoint proteins for human cancer treatment. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging allows for the dynamic monitoring of PD-L1 status during tumor progression, thus informing patients' response index. Herein, we report the synthesis of two linear peptide-based radiotracers, [64Cu]/[68Ga]HKP2201 and [64Cu]/[68Ga]HKP2202, and validate their utility for PD-L1 visualization in preclinical models. The precursor peptide HKP2201 was derived from a linear peptide ligand, CLP002, which was previously identified by phage display and showed nanomolar affinity toward PD-L1. Appropriate modification of CLP002 via PEGylation and DOTA conjugation yielded HKP2201. The dimerization of HKP2201 generated HKP2202. The 64Cu and 68Ga radiolabeling of both precursors was studied and optimized. PD-L1 expression in mouse melanoma cell line B16F10, mouse colon cancer cell line MC38, and their allografts were assayed by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry staining. Cellular uptake and binding assays were conducted in both cell lines. PET imaging and ex vivo biodistribution studies were employed in tumor mouse models bearing B16F10 and MC38 allografts. [64Cu]/[68Ga]HKP2201 and [64Cu]/[68Ga]HKP2202 were obtained with satisfactory radiocharacteristics. They all showed lower liver accumulation compared to [64Cu]/[68Ga]WL12. B16F10 and MC38 cells and their tumor allografts sections were verified to express PD-L1. These tracers demonstrated a concentration-dependent cell affinity and a comparable half-maximal effect concentration (EC50) with radiolabeled WL12. Competitive binding and blocking studies demonstrated the specific target of these tracers to PD-L1. PET imaging and ex vivo biodistribution studies revealed notable tumor uptake in tumor-bearing mice and rapid clearance from blood and major organs. Importantly, [64Cu]/[68Ga]HKP2202 showed higher tumor uptake compared to [64Cu]/[68Ga]HKP2201. Of note, [64Cu] labeled tracers showed longer retention in tumors than [68Ga] labeled traces, indicating advantages in the long-term tracking of PD-L1 dynamics. In comparison, [68Ga]HKP2201 and [68Ga]HKP2202 showed lower liver accumulation, enabling its great potential in the fast detection of both primary and metastatic tumors, including hepatic carcinoma. [64Cu]/[68Ga]HKP2201 and [64Cu]/[68Ga]HKP2202 are promising PET tracers for visualizing PD-L1 status. Notably, their combination would cooperate in rapid diagnosis and subsequent treatment guidance. Future assessment of the radiotracers in patients is needed to fully evaluate their clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute of Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Siqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yanrong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaona Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xingkai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jieting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute of Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute of Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute of Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute of Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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8
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Sun J, Huangfu Z, Yang J, Wang G, Hu K, Gao M, Zhong Z. Imaging-guided targeted radionuclide tumor therapy: From concept to clinical translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114538. [PMID: 36162696 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Since the first introduction of sodium iodide I-131 for use with thyroid patients almost 80 years ago, more than 50 radiopharmaceuticals have reached the markets for a wide range of diseases, especially cancers. The nuclear medicine paradigm also shifts from solely molecular imaging or radionuclide therapy to imaging-guided radionuclide therapy, which is deemed a vital component of precision cancer therapy and an emerging medical modality for personalized medicine. The imaging-guided radionuclide therapy highlights the systematic integration of targeted nuclear diagnostics and radionuclide therapeutics. Regarding this, nuclear imaging serves to "visualize" the lesions and guide the therapeutic strategy, followed by administration of a precise patient specific dose of radiotherapeutics for treatment according to the absorbed dose to different organs and tumors calculated by dosimetry tools, and finally repeated imaging to predict the prognosis. This strategy leads to significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy, improved patient outcomes, and manageable adverse events. In this review, we provide an overview of imaging-guided targeted radionuclide therapy for different tumors such as advanced prostate cancer and neuroendocrine tumors, with a focus on development of new radioligands and their preclinical and clinical results, and further discuss about challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyuan Huangfu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangtao Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Sciences, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Ma X, Zhang MJ, Wang J, Zhang T, Xue P, Kang Y, Sun ZJ, Xu Z. Emerging Biomaterials Imaging Antitumor Immune Response. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204034. [PMID: 35728795 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is one of the most promising clinical modalities for the treatment of malignant tumors and has shown excellent therapeutic outcomes in clinical settings. However, it continues to face several challenges, including long treatment cycles, high costs, immune-related adverse events, and low response rates. Thus, it is critical to predict the response rate to immunotherapy by using imaging technology in the preoperative and intraoperative. Here, the latest advances in nanosystem-based biomaterials used for predicting responses to immunotherapy via the imaging of immune cells and signaling molecules in the immune microenvironment are comprehensively summarized. Several imaging methods, such as fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography imaging, ultrasound imaging, and photoacoustic imaging, used in immune predictive imaging, are discussed to show the potential of nanosystems for distinguishing immunotherapy responders from nonresponders. Nanosystem-based biomaterials aided by various imaging technologies are expected to enable the effective prediction and diagnosis in cases of tumors, inflammation, and other public diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy and Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Jie Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jingting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy and Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy and Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xue
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy and Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy and Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy and Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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10
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Hu K, Wu W, Xie L, Geng H, Zhang Y, Hanyu M, Zhang L, Liu Y, Nagatsu K, Suzuki H, Guo J, Wu Y, Li Z, Wang F, Zhang M. Whole-body PET tracking of a d-dodecapeptide and its radiotheranostic potential for PD-L1 overexpressing tumors. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1363-1376. [PMID: 35530129 PMCID: PMC9069398 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptides that are composed of dextrorotary (d)-amino acids have gained increasing attention as a potential therapeutic class. However, our understanding of the in vivo fate of d-peptides is limited. This highlights the need for whole-body, quantitative tracking of d-peptides to better understand how they interact with the living body. Here, we used mouse models to track the movement of a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-targeting d-dodecapeptide antagonist (DPA) using positron emission tomography (PET). More specifically, we profiled the metabolic routes of [64Cu]DPA and investigated the tumor engagement of [64Cu/68Ga]DPA in mouse models. Our results revealed that intact [64Cu/68Ga]DPA was primarily eliminated by the kidneys and had a notable accumulation in tumors. Moreover, a single dose of [64Cu]DPA effectively delayed tumor growth and improved the survival of mice. Collectively, these results not only deepen our knowledge of the in vivo fate of d-peptides, but also underscore the utility of d-peptides as radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Hu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hao Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hanyu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yinghuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kotaro Nagatsu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hisashi Suzuki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Jialin Guo
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Yundong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518038, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +81 43 3823709 (Mingrong Zhang), +86 25 52271455 (Feng Wang), +86 755 26033616 (Zigang Li), +86 755 26611113 (Yundong Wu).
| | - Zigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518118, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +81 43 3823709 (Mingrong Zhang), +86 25 52271455 (Feng Wang), +86 755 26033616 (Zigang Li), +86 755 26611113 (Yundong Wu).
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +81 43 3823709 (Mingrong Zhang), +86 25 52271455 (Feng Wang), +86 755 26033616 (Zigang Li), +86 755 26611113 (Yundong Wu).
| | - Mingrong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +81 43 3823709 (Mingrong Zhang), +86 25 52271455 (Feng Wang), +86 755 26033616 (Zigang Li), +86 755 26611113 (Yundong Wu).
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11
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Hu K, Ma X, Xie L, Zhang Y, Hanyu M, Obata H, Zhang L, Nagatsu K, Suzuki H, Shi R, Wang W, Zhang MR. Development of a Stable Peptide-Based PET Tracer for Detecting CD133-Expressing Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:334-341. [PMID: 35036703 PMCID: PMC8756568 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
CD133 has been recognized as a prominent biomarker for cancer stem cells (CSCs), which promote tumor relapse and metastasis. Here, we developed a clinically relevant, stable, and peptide-based positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, [64Cu]CM-2, for mapping CD133 protein in several kinds of cancers. Through the incorporation of a 6-aminohexanoic acid (Ahx) into the N terminus of a CM peptide, we constructed a stable peptide tracer [64Cu]CM-2, which exhibited specific binding to CD133-positive CSCs in multiple preclinical tumor models. Both PET imaging and ex vivo biodistribution verified the superb performance of [64Cu]CM-2. Furthermore, the matched physical and biological half-life of [64Cu]CM-2 makes it a state-of-the-art PET tracer for CD133. Therefore, [64Cu]CM-2 PET may not only enable the longitudinal tracking of CD133 dynamics in the cancer stem cell niche but also provide a powerful and noninvasive imaging tool to track down CSCs in refractory cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Hu
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department
of Vascular Surgery, General Hospital of
People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, P. R.
China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hanyu
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Honoka Obata
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nagatsu
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hisashi Suzuki
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Rui Shi
- Institute
of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Beijing
Jishuitan Hospital Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100035, P. R. China
| | - Weizhi Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing
Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National
Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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