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Spielvogel KD, Campbell EJ, Chowdhury SR, Benner F, Demir S, Hatzis GP, Petras HR, Sembukuttiarachchige D, Shepherd JJ, Thomas CM, Vlaisavljevich B, Daly SR. Modulation of Fe-Fe distance and spin in diiron complexes using tetradentate ligands with different flanking donors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8399-8402. [PMID: 39028006 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02522a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Here we report the synthesis and characterization of diiron complexes containing triaryl N4 and N2S2 ligands derived from o-phenylenediamine. The complexes display significant differences in Fe-Fe distances and magnetic properties that depend on the identity of the flanking NMe2 and SMe donor groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Spielvogel
- The University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Emily J Campbell
- The University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Sabyasachi Roy Chowdhury
- The University of South Dakota, Department of Chemistry, 414 E Clark St., Vermillion SD, 57069, USA
| | - Florian Benner
- Michigan State University, Department of Chemistry, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Selvan Demir
- Michigan State University, Department of Chemistry, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Gillian P Hatzis
- The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 100 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hayley R Petras
- The University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | | | - James J Shepherd
- The University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Christine M Thomas
- The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 100 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- The University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
- The University of South Dakota, Department of Chemistry, 414 E Clark St., Vermillion SD, 57069, USA
| | - Scott R Daly
- The University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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2
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Stevens JE, Miller JD, Fitzsimmons MC, Moore CE, Thomas CM. Z-selective dimerization of terminal alkynes by a (PNNP)Fe II complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5169-5172. [PMID: 38639737 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00469h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
A tetradentate bis(amido)bis(phosphine) FeII complex, (PNNP)Fe, is shown to activate the terminal C-H bond of aryl alkynes across its Fe-Namide bonds. (PNNP)Fe is also shown to catalytically dimerize terminal aryl alkynes to produce 1,3-enynes with Z : E ratios as high as 96 : 4 with yields up to 95% and loadings as low as 1 mol% at 30 °C in 2 h. A plausible metal-ligand cooperative mechanism invoking a vinylidene intermediate is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah E Stevens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Justin D Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Matthew C Fitzsimmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Christine M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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3
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Marlier EE. Kappa what? Insights into the coordination modes of N 2P 2 ligands. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1410-1420. [PMID: 38086708 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02831c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
While first synthesized more than three decades ago, complexes supported by N2P2 ligands have seen renewed interest due to the synthesis of new ligands, expansion of their reactivity, and catalytic applications. Possessing both soft phosphines and hard nitrogen donors, N2P2 ligands can accommodate various metal geometries and coordination modes thanks to their capability to act as bidentate, tridentate or tetradentate ligands. This short review will explore how metals bind to these ligands and also highlight the complexes' reactivity and catalytic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie E Marlier
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Olaf College, 1520 St Olaf Avenue, Northfield, Minnesota, 55057, USA.
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Iwanov C, Hopp MP, Lorenz D, Ballmann J, Enders M. Dioxygen Activation and Reduction by a Soluble Iron Phthalocyanine. Chemistry 2023:e202302761. [PMID: 37831012 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron ions in a square-planar coordination can bind molecules at the vacant axial positions and are able to transform them in stoichiometric and catalytic reactions. Nature takes advantage of these properties by incorporating iron into porphyrin systems, which play a key role not only in the binding and transport of oxygen, but also in catalytic oxidation and reduction reactions involving cytochrome P450. Although these systems have been studied extensively, there are still unresolved questions regarding the interplay between the iron ions and the surrounding ligands. Phthalocyanines (Pc) create a similar environment for metal atoms and FePc is known for a long time. However, without axial ligands FePc aggregates leading to solids of low solubility. In this work we used a known six-coordinate iron phthalocyanine derivative with bulky substituents and removed the stabilizing axial ligands. The resulting paramagnetic, four-coordinate compound does not aggregate and dissolves well so that NMR spectroscopy can be employed for studying the molecular structure and the reactivity. Solvent molecules bind weakly to the iron centers and oxygen is reduced in the presence of H-atom donors. The stoichiometric and catalytic reactivity with oxygen was studied in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Iwanov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Philipp Hopp
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Domenik Lorenz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Enders
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Stevens JE, Moore CE, Thomas CM. Si-H Bond Activation and Dehydrogenative Coupling of Silanes across the Iron-Amide Bond of a Bis(amido)bis(phosphine) Iron(II) Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:794-799. [PMID: 36594789 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the utility of Si-Si bonds, there are relatively few examples of Si-Si bond formation by base metals. In this work, a four-coordinate iron complex, (PNNP)FeII, is shown to strongly activate the Si-H bonds in primary silanes across the Fe-amide bonds in a metal-ligand cooperative fashion. Upon treatment with excess silane, Si-Si dehydrogenative homocoupling is shown to occur across the Fe-Namide bond without concomitant oxidation and spin state changes at the Fe center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah E Stevens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christine M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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The Backbone of Success of P,N-Hybrid Ligands: Some Recent Developments. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196293. [PMID: 36234830 PMCID: PMC9614609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus ligands are an invaluable family of compounds that continue to underpin important roles in disciplines such as coordination chemistry and catalysis. Their success can routinely be traced back to facile tuneability thus enabling a high degree of control over, for example, electronic and steric properties. Diphosphines, phosphorus compounds bearing two separated PIII donor atoms, are also highly valued and impart their own unique features, for example excellent chelating properties upon metal complexation. In many classical ligands of this type, the backbone connectivity has been based on all carbon spacers only but there is growing interest in embedding other donor atoms such as additional nitrogen (–NH–, –NR–) sites. This review will collate some important examples of ligands in this field, illustrate their role as ligands in coordination chemistry and highlight some of their reactivities and applications. It will be shown that incorporation of a nitrogen-based group can impart unusual reactivities and important catalytic applications.
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Wakabayashi T, Kamada K, Sekizawa K, Sato S, Morikawa T, Jung J, Saito S. Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction Using an Iron–Bipyridyl Complex Supported by Two Phosphines for Improving Catalyst Durability. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Wakabayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenji Kamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Keita Sekizawa
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories., Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute 480-1192, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sato
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories., Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute 480-1192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morikawa
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories., Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute 480-1192, Japan
| | - Jieun Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Susumu Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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Spielvogel KD, Stumme NC, Fetrow TV, Wang L, Luna JA, Keith JM, Shaw SK, Daly SR. Quantifying Variations in Metal–Ligand Cooperative Binding Strength with Cyclic Voltammetry and Redox-Active Ligands. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2391-2401. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D. Spielvogel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Nathan C. Stumme
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Taylor V. Fetrow
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Javier A. Luna
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jason M. Keith
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Scott K. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Scott R. Daly
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Lee K, Thomas CM. Nickel-Templated Replacement of Phosphine Substituents in a Tetradentate Bis(amido)bis(phosphine) Ligand. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17348-17356. [PMID: 34709799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The replacement of phosphine substituents in nickel-bound PNNP ligands is reported as an alternative method for preparing multidentate phosphine ligands with alkyl substituents. Treatment of the previously reported bis(phosphide) complex {K(THF)x}22Ph[PNNP]Ni (2) with 2 equiv of MeI, iPrI, and 1,3-dibromoethane formed alkyl-substituted complexes 2Ph,2Me[PNNP]Ni (3), 2Ph,2iPr[PNNP]Ni (4), and 2Ph,propylene[PNNP]Ni (5), respectively. The stereoselectivity (racemic vs meso) of these reactions can be controlled by varying the reaction temperature. The racemic mixtures of products with the new alkyl substituents in an anti configuration were favored at lower temperatures, whereas a larger proportion of meso compounds was acquired at higher temperatures. Further treatment of 3 with KH resulted in selective elimination of the remaining phenyl groups rather than the methyl substituents, affording bis(methylphosphide) complex {K(THF)x}22Me[PNNP]Ni (6). Subsequent treatment of 6 with additional MeI formed 4Me[PNNP]Ni (7), in which all four phenyl groups were replaced with methyl substituents. As a proof of concept, demetalation of the ligand from 7 was achieved using aqueous KCN to form a free dimethylphosphine-substituted ligand H24Me[PNNP] (8), and 8 was subsequently coordinated to a different metal, using PdCl2 to form 4Me[PNNP]Pd (9). Unlike the clean elimination of phenyl substituents from 3, the reactions of KH with 4 and 5 exhibited competitive elimination of both alkyl and phenyl substituents and/or attenuated reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christine M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Gautam M, Tanaka S, Sekiguchi A, Nakajima Y. Long-Range Metal–Ligand Cooperation by Iron Hydride Complexes Bearing a Phenanthroline-Based Tetradentate PNNP Ligand. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gautam
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Akira Sekiguchi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai,Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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Elsby MR, Baker RT. Strategies and mechanisms of metal–ligand cooperativity in first-row transition metal complex catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8933-8987. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00509f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of metal–ligand cooperation (MLC) by transition metal bifunctional catalysts has emerged at the forefront of homogeneous catalysis science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Elsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - R. Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
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