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He J, Bai M, Xiao X, Qiu S, Chen W, Li J, Yu Y, Tian W. Intramolecular Cation-π Interactions Organize Bowl-Shaped, Luminescent Molecular Containers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402697. [PMID: 38433608 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Molecules with nonplanar architectures are highly desirable due to their unique topological structures and functions. We report here the synthesis of two molecular containers (1 ⋅ 3Br- and 1 ⋅ 3Cl-), which utilize intramolecular cation-π interactions to enforce macrocylic arrangements and exhibit high binding affinity and luminescent properties. Remarkably, the geometry of the cation-π interaction can be flexibly tailored to achieve a precise ring arrangement, irrespective of the angle of the noncovalent bonds. Additionally, the C-H⋅⋅⋅Br- hydrogen bonds within the container are also conducive to stabilizing the bowl-shaped conformation. These bowl-shaped conformations were confirmed both in solution through NMR spectroscopy and in the solid state by X-ray studies. 1 ⋅ 3Br- shows high binding affinity and selectivity: F->Cl-, through C-H⋅⋅⋅X- (X=F, Cl) hydrogen bonds. Additionally, these containers exhibited blue fluorescence in solution and yellow room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in the solid state. Our findings illustrate the utility of cation-π interactions in designing functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Minggui Bai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xuedong Xiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhuo Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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2
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Hou Y, Duan YR, Ding MH, Tang LL, Zeng F. Adsorptive separation of para-xylene by nonporous adaptive crystals of phenanthrene[2]arene. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22060-22063. [PMID: 36043113 PMCID: PMC9362102 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03773d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we developed a new method for the preparation of phenanthrene[2]arene on a large-scale. Meanwhile, the synthetic phenanthrene[2]arene has been successfully used as nonporous adaptive crystals for the separation of para-xylene (pX) from xylene isomers. The crystal structure revealed that one host molecule can adsorb one pX molecule to form the 1@pX complex, in which pX is located in the cavity of the host. A new method for the preparation of phenanthrene[2]arene on a large-scale was developed. The synthetic phenanthrene[2]arene has been successfully used as nonporous adaptive crystals for the separation of para-xylene from xylene isomers.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hou
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou 425199 China
| | - Yin-Rong Duan
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou 425199 China
| | - Man-Hua Ding
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou 425199 China
| | - Lin-Li Tang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou 425199 China
| | - Fei Zeng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Hunan University of Science and Engineering Yongzhou 425199 China
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3
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Rahman F, Wang R, Zhang H, Brea O, Himo F, Rebek J, Yu Y. Binding and Assembly of a Benzotriazole Cavitand in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205534. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Faiz‐Ur Rahman
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Rui Wang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Hui‐Bin Zhang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Oriana Brea
- Department of Organic Chemistry Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Julius Rebek
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
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4
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Zhu Y, Zhao M, Rebek J, Yu Y. Recent Advances in the Applications of Water-soluble Resorcinarene-based Deep Cavitands. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202200026. [PMID: 35701378 PMCID: PMC9197774 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We review here the use of container molecules known as cavitands for performing organic reactions in water. Central to these endeavors are binding forces found in water, and among the strongest of these is the hydrophobic effect. We describe how the hydrophobic effect can be used to drive organic molecule guests into the confined space of cavitand hosts. Other forces participating in guest binding include cation-π interactions, chalcogen bonding and even hydrogen bonding to water involved in the host structure. The reactions of guests take advantage of their contortions in the limited space of the cavitands which enhance macrocyclic and site-selective processes. The cavitands are applied to the removal of organic pollutants from water and to the separation of isomeric guests. Progress is described on maneuvering the containers from stoichiometric participation to roles as catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Jie Zhu
- Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
| | - Ming‐Kai Zhao
- Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
| | - Julius Rebek
- Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
| | - Yang Yu
- Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
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5
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Sun Q, Escobar L, Ballester P. A Dinuclear Metallobridged Super Aryl‐Extended Calix[4]pyrrole Cavitand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202140. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Sun
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu China
| | - Luis Escobar
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Present address: Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München Butenandtstrasse 5–13 81377 München Germany
| | - Pablo Ballester
- ICREA Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
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6
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Rahman FU, Wang R, Zhang HB, Brea O, Himo F, Rebek J, Yu Y. Binding and Assembly of a Benzotriazole Cavitand in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Oriana Brea
- Stockholms Universitet Department of Organic Chemistry SWEDEN
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Stockholms Universitet Department of Organic Chemistry SWEDEN
| | - Julius Rebek
- The Scripps Research Institute Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Yang Yu
- Shanghai University Chemistry 99 Shang-da Road 200444 Shanghai CHINA
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7
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Sun Q, Escobar L, Ballester P. A Dinuclear Metallobridged Super Aryl‐Extended Calix[4]pyrrole Cavitand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Sun
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu China
| | - Luis Escobar
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Present address: Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München Butenandtstrasse 5–13 81377 München Germany
| | - Pablo Ballester
- ICREA Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
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8
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Metal coordination to a deep cavitand promotes binding selectivities in water. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yang JM, Chen YQ, Yu Y, Ballester P, Rebek J. Rigidified Cavitand Hosts in Water: Bent Guests, Shape Selectivity, and Encapsulation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19517-19524. [PMID: 34762414 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of two water-soluble container compounds (cavitand hosts) with rigidified open ends. One cavitand uses four (CH2)4's as spacers to bridge the adjacent walls, while another cavitand uses four CH2CH2OCH2CH2's bridges and features a wider open end. The spacers preorganize the deep cavitands into vase-like, receptive shapes and prevent their unfolding to the unreceptive kite-like conformation. Cycloalkane guests (C6-C8) and small n-alkanes (C5-C7) form 1:1 complexes with the cavitands and move freely in the cavitands' spaces. Hydrophilic compounds 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, pyridine, and 1-methylimidazole also showed good binding affinity to the new cavitands. Longer alkanes (C11-C14) and n-alcohols (C11-C16) are taken up with a -CH3 group fixed at the bottom of the cavity and the groups near the rim in compressed conformations. The methylene bridges appear to divide the cavitand into a narrow hydrophobic compartment and a broader space with exposure to the aqueous medium. Longer alkane guests (C15-C18), N,N-dimethyldioctylammonium, and dioctylamine induce the formation of capsules (2:1 host:guest complexes). The new cavitands showed selectivity for p/m-cresol isomers and xylene isomers. The cavitand with CH2CH2OCH2CH2 bridges bound long-chain α,ω-diols (C13-C15) and diamines in folded, U-shaped conformations with polar functions exposed to the aqueous medium. It was used to separate o-xylene from its isomers by using simple extraction procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Yang
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yong-Qing Chen
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julius Rebek
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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10
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Sun Q, Escobar L, de Jong J, Ballester P. Self-assembly of a water-soluble endohedrally functionalized coordination cage including polar guests. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13469-13476. [PMID: 34777766 PMCID: PMC8528040 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03751j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination cages containing endohedrally functionalized aromatic cavities are scarce in the literature. Herein, we report the self-assembly of a tetra-cationic super aryl-extended calix[4]pyrrole tetra-pyridyl ligand into a water-soluble Pd(ii)-cage featuring two endohedral polar binding sites. They are defined by the four pyrrole NHs of the calix[4]pyrrole unit and the four inwardly directed α-protons of the coordinated pyridyl groups. The efficient assembly of the Pd(ii)-cage requires the inclusion of mono- and ditopic pyridyl N-oxide and aliphatic formamide guests. The monotopic guests only partially fill the cage's cavity and require the co-inclusion of a water molecule that is likely hydrogen-bonded to the endohedral α-pyridyl protons. The ditopic guests are able to completely fill the cage's cavity and complement both binding sites. We observed high conformational selectivity in the inclusion of the isomers of α,ω-bis-formamides. We briefly investigate the uptake and release mechanism/kinetics of selected polar guests by the Pd(ii)-cage using pair-wise competition experiments. A tetra-cationic calix[4]pyrrole tetra-pyridyl ligand self-assembles into a water-soluble Pd(ii)-cage featuring two endohedral polar binding sites. The Pd(ii)-cage encapsulates pyridyl N-oxide and aliphatic formamide guests in water.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Sun
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain .,Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgánica c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Luis Escobar
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain .,Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgánica c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Jorn de Jong
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain .,ICREA Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
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11
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Zhang HB, Kanagaraj K, Rebek J, Yu Y. Hydrophobic and Metal-Coordinated Confinement Effects Trigger Recognition and Selectivity. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8873-8881. [PMID: 34114823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of a new water-soluble cavitand 1. The container features 2-aminobenzimidazole panels at the "rim" and pyridiniums at the "feet". In the solid state, a single-crystal X-ray structure of the organic-soluble precursor 2 showed a stable vase form. The structure is stabilized by hydrogen-bonded bridges between adjacent panels through solvents and ions. In aqueous solution, binding of hydrophobic and amphiphilic guest molecules to 1 was investigated using 1H NMR. Alkanes, alcohols, acids, diols, and diacids formed 1:1 host-guest complexes, and the guest conformations were deduced from characteristic chemical shift changes. In the presence of [Pd(ethylenediamine)(H2O)2·2NO3], cavitand 1 formed a complex incorporating two metals. The metal-coordinated cavitand also bound hydrophobic linear alkanes and difluorobenzene isomers in aqueous medium. The metallo-cavitand showed shape and size selectivity and was used to separate o-difluorobenzene from its isomers as observed by 19F NMR spectroscopy. The primary amino function of the cavitands offers possibilities for further elaboration to covalent clusters of these container compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Bin Zhang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Kuppusamy Kanagaraj
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Julius Rebek
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China.,Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
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12
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Wan Y, Rahman F, Rebek J, Yu Y. Shape Selectivity of a Metallo Cavitand Host Allows Separation of
n
‐Alkanes
from Isooctane. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Hui Wan
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University 99 Shang‐Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Faiz‐Ur Rahman
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University 99 Shang‐Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Julius Rebek
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University 99 Shang‐Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
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13
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Mishra I, Bhol M, Kalimuthu P, Sathiyendiran M. Emerging Spacers-Based Ligands for Supramolecular Coordination Complexes. CHEM REC 2021; 21:594-614. [PMID: 33615668 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The design and self-assembly of supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) i. e., discrete cyclic metalloarchitectures such as cycles, cages, mesocates, and helicates with desired size, shape, and properties have been increasing exponentially owing to their potential applications in molecular sensors, molecular cargos, molecular recognition, and catalysis. The introduction of the organic motifs and metal complexes as a spacer provides functionality to the metalloarchitecture. This review mainly focusses on newly evolving spacer based ligands employed to yield simple to high-order metallosupramolecular assemblies using straight-forward approaches. The new spacers including corannulene, organic cyclic framework, bicyclic organic motifs, aliphatic chain, metalloligands, triarylboron, BODIPY, azaphosphatrane, phosphine, and thio/selenophosphates offer a great set of properties and in-built functionalities to the metalloarchitectures which are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Mishra
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Mamina Bhol
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Palanisamy Kalimuthu
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, 624 302, Tamil Nadu, India
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14
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Liu Y, Wang H, Shangguan L, Liu P, Shi B, Hong X, Huang F. Selective Separation of Phenanthrene from Aromatic Isomer Mixtures by a Water-Soluble Azobenzene-Based Macrocycle. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3081-3085. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liqing Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Peiren Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou,730070, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Feihe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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