1
|
Liu Y, Yuan L, Dai L, Zhu Q, Zhong G, Zeng X. Carbene-Catalyzed Atroposelective Construction of Chiral Diaryl Ethers. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38738853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Atropoisomeric chemotypes of diaryl ethers-related scaffolds are prevalent in naturally active compounds. Nevertheless, there remains considerable research to be carried out on the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of these axially chiral molecules. In this instance, we disclose an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers via atroposelective esterification of dialdehyde-containing diaryl ethers. NHC desymmetrization produces axially chiral diaryl ether atropisomers with high yields and enantioselectivities in moderate circumstances. Chiral diaryl ether compounds may be precursors for highly functionalized diaryl ethers with bioactivity and chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Liu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Kharkiv Institute at Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lutong Yuan
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlong Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Ningbo 315200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaohong Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Ningbo 315200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Zeng
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Morales-Manrique C, Baquero EA, Guevara-Pulido J. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyran-2-Ones Organocatalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093743. [PMID: 37175154 PMCID: PMC10179788 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) have gained recognition as versatile molecules capable of acting as organocatalysts in various reactions, particularly through the activation of aldehydes via Breslow-type adducts. This organocatalytic activation has enabled the production of numerous 3,4-dihydropyran-2-ones and related derivatives. In this review, we provide an overview of the production of 3,4-dihydropyran-2-ones and derivatives via organocatalytic processes involving NHCs over the past eight years. These processes involve the use of a diverse range of substrates, catalysts, and reaction conditions, which can be classified into [4+2]-and [3+3]-type cycloadditions, primarily aimed at synthesizing this skeleton due to its biological activity and multiple stereocenters. These processes are scaled up to the gram scale, and the resulting products are often directed towards epimerization and functionalization to produce more complex molecules with potential applications in the biological field. Finally, we provide a perspective and the future directions of this topic in organic synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Morales-Manrique
- Estado Sólido y Catálisis Ambiental (ESCA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- INQA, Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
| | - Edwin A Baquero
- Estado Sólido y Catálisis Ambiental (ESCA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - James Guevara-Pulido
- INQA, Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao J, Zhang S, Du D. Alkynyl Acylazolium: a Versatile 1,3-Bielectrophilic 3C-Synthon in NHC-Organocatalysis. CHEM REC 2023:e202300046. [PMID: 36942970 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of modern organic synthesis especially in the asymmetric construction of various cyclic skeletons. As an emerging NHC-bound 1,3-bielectrophilic intermediate, alkynyl acylazolium has drawn substantial attention in recent years, and has been used as a versatile 3C-synthon in synthesizing valuable organic molecules since its discovery. In this review, focused on the different pathways for the formation of alkynyl acylazoliums from different precursors like alkynoic esters, alkynoic acids and ynals, the recent advances in the transformations and applications of alkynyl acylazoliums pioneered or developed over the last decade under NHC-catalysis were summarized comprehensively. At the same time, the outlook for further investigation and exploration of novel reaction modes for alkynyl acylazoliums in the future was also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Simiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ding Du
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang SC, Liu S, Wang X, Wang SJ, Yang H, Li L, Yang B, Wong MW, Zhao Y, Lu S. Enantioselective Access to Triaryl-2-pyrones with Monoaxial or Contiguous C–C Diaxes via Oxidative NHC Catalysis. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Chen Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Shengping Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Shao-Jie Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Binmiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Ming Wah Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Shenci Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Barik S, Shee S, Gonnade RG, Biju AT. Enantioselective Synthesis of Dihydrothiopyranones via NHC-Catalyzed [3 + 3] Annulation of 2-Bromoenals with β-Oxodithioesters. Org Lett 2022; 24:8848-8853. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Barik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Sayan Shee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Rajesh G. Gonnade
- Centre for Materials Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India
| | - Akkattu T. Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dong Z, Jiang C, Zhao C. A Review on Generation and Reactivity of the N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Bound Alkynyl Acyl Azolium Intermediates. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227990. [PMID: 36432089 PMCID: PMC9696695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) has been widely used as an organocatalyst for both umpolung and non-umpolung chemistry. Previous works mainly focus on species including Breslow intermediate, azolium enolate intermediate, homoenolate intermediate, alkenyl acyl azolium intermediate, etc. Notably, the NHC-bound alkynyl acyl azolium has emerged as an effective intermediate to access functionalized cyclic molecular skeleton until very recently. In this review, we summarized the generation and reactivity of the NHC-bound alkynyl acyl azolium intermediates, which covers the efforts and advances in the synthesis of achiral and axially chiral cyclic scaffolds via the NHC-bound alkynyl acyl azolium intermediates. In particular, the mechanism related to this intermediate is discussed in detail.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang G, Huang J, Zhang L, Han J, Zhang X, Huang J, Fu Z, Huang W. N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral 5-aryl 2-pyrones from enals. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
8
|
Ghosh A, Shee S, Biju AT. A Benzannulation Strategy for Rapid Access to Quinazoline-2,4-diones via Oxidative N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:2772-2777. [PMID: 35377662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed formal [4+2] benzannulation of enals with suitably substituted pyrimidine-2,4-diones allowing the mild and facile synthesis of functionalized quinazoline-2,4-diones is presented. This oxidative transformation proceeds via the simultaneous generation of dienolates and α,β-unsaturated acylazoliums and follows a vinylogous Michael/aldol/β-lactonization/decarboxylation/oxidation sequence to afford quinazoline-2,4-diones, including axially chiral ones with suitable substitutions, in an operationally simple procedure. In addition, substituted coumarins as dienolate precursors afforded benzochromen-6-one derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Ghosh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sayan Shee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Akkattu T Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ciber L, Ričko S, Gregorc J, Pozgan F, Svete J, Brodnik H, Štefane B, Grošelj U. Mechanistic Insights into Annulation of Arylidene‐Δ2‐pyrrolin‐4‐ones by Cinchona Squaramide‐Based Organocatalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luka Ciber
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SLOVENIA
| | - Sebastijan Ričko
- Univerza v Ljubljani Fakulteta za Kemijo in Kemijsko tehnologijo SLOVENIA
| | - Jure Gregorc
- University of Ljubljana Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SLOVENIA
| | | | | | | | | | - Uroš Grošelj
- University of Ljubljana Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SLOVENIA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yan JL, Maiti R, Ren SC, Tian W, Li T, Xu J, Mondal B, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene-catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral styrenes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:84. [PMID: 35013298 PMCID: PMC8748895 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Axially chiral styrenes bearing a chiral axis between a sterically non-congested acyclic alkene and an aryl ring are difficult to prepare due to low rotational barrier of the axis. Disclosed here is an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalytic asymmetric solution to this problem. Our reaction involves ynals, sulfinic acids, and phenols as the substrates with an NHC as the catalyst. Key steps involve selective 1,4-addition of sulfinic anion to acetylenic acylazolium intermediate and sequential E-selective protonation to set up the chiral axis. Our reaction affords axially chiral styrenes bearing a chiral axis as the product with up to > 99:1 e.r., > 20:1 E/Z selectivity, and excellent yields. The sulfone and carboxylic ester moieties in our styrene products are common moieties in bioactive molecules and asymmetric catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lei Yan
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rakesh Maiti
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Shi-Chao Ren
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Weiyi Tian
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bivas Mondal
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dong M, Duan XY, Li Y, Liu B, Qi J. Highly enantioselective δ-protonation and formal [3 + 3] annulation promoted by N-heterocyclic carbene. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00257d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chiral NHC catalyst reacts with α,β-γ,δ-diunsaturated aldehydes to generate an extended Breslow intermediate. Upon δ-protonation and tautomerization, the resulting α,β-unsaturated acyl azolium undergoes [3 + 3] annulation with enamines to afford various dihydropyridinones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Binghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li MM, Chen X, Deng Y, Lu J. Recent advances of N-heterocyclic carbenes in the applications of constructing carbo- and heterocyclic frameworks with potential biological activity. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38060-38078. [PMID: 35498096 PMCID: PMC9044055 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06155k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have established themselves as a masterful and promising type of organocatalyst for the speedy construction of medicinally and biologically significant molecules from common and accessible small molecules. In particular, various cyclic scaffolds, including carbocycles and heterocycles, have been synthesized using NHCs via cycloaddition reaction. An exhaustive review focused on the chemistry of NHCs in these cyclic molecules has yet to be reported. In this contribution, a general picture of the utilization of NHCs in constructing twelve kinds of bioactive cyclic skeletons is firstly presented. We provide a systematic and comprehensive overview from the perspective of cycloaddition reactions; moreover, the limitations, challenges, and future prospects were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China
| | - Xiaozhen Chen
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China
| | - Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education Shenzhen 518000 China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Wang J, Zhao C, Wang J. Recent Progress toward the Construction of Axially Chiral Molecules Catalyzed by an N-heterocyclic Carbene. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beiing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changgui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beiing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ghosh A, Barik S, Shee S, Biju AT. Enantioselective synthesis of tetra-substituted tetralines and tetrahydro-indolizines by NHC-catalyzed azolium-enolate cascade. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7794-7797. [PMID: 34268547 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
NHC-catalyzed cascade reaction of enals with suitably substituted β-(hetero)aryl enones allowing the enantioselective synthesis of tetra-substituted tetralines and tetrahydro indolizines is presented. The catalytically generated chiral α,β-unsaturated acylazoliums from enals under oxidative conditions reacted in a Michael-Michael-lactonization sequence to form the tricyclic δ-lactone products bearing four contiguous stereocentres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Ghosh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | - Shilpa Barik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | - Sayan Shee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | - Akkattu T Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li Y, Li Z, Zhang Z. Mechanism and regio- and stereoselectivity in NHC-catalyzed reaction of 2-bromoenals with β-ketoamides. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
17
|
Pavithra T, Devi ES, Maheswari CU. Recent Advances in N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization for the Formation of Heterocycles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Pavithra
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 India
| | - E. Sankari Devi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 India
| | - C. Uma Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ghosh A, Shee S, Barik S, Gonnade RG, Biju AT. Enantioselective Synthesis of 5,6-Dihydroindolizines by N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-Catalyzed Core-Structure-Inspired Strategy of Azolium-Enolate Cascade. Org Lett 2021; 23:5223-5228. [PMID: 34160226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The core-structure motivated design has allowed the enantioselective synthesis of 5,6-dihydroindolizines via N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis. The NHC-catalyzed reaction of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with the suitably substituted pyrrole derivatives proceed via the initial generation of α,β-unsaturated acylazoliums from enals, and enolates from pyrroles and the reaction culminated in an efficient cascade process involving the Michael-aldol-lactonization-decarboxylation sequence to afford the products in reasonable yields and high selectivities. The method is further extended to the construction of spirocyclic 5,6-dihydroindolizines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Ghosh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Sayan Shee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Shilpa Barik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Rajesh G Gonnade
- Centre for Materials Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India
| | - Akkattu T Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhao C, Blaszczyk SA, Wang J. Asymmetric reactions of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based chiral acyl azoliums and azolium enolates. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
20
|
Li Y, Li Z, Zhang Z. Mechanism and regio- and stereoselectivity in an NHC-catalyzed Mannich/lactamization domino reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:6204-6212. [PMID: 33687420 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00369k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations (M06-2X) have been employed to disclose the mechanisms and regio- and stereo-selectivities of the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed reaction of 2-benzothiazolimines and α-chloroaldehydes. The preferred mechanism is initiated by the nucleophilic attack of NHC on α-chloroaldehyde (first step), followed by 1,2-proton transfer which was assisted by the Brønsted acid DABCO·H+ to generate the Breslow intermediate (second step). The cleavage of the C-Cl bond (third step) and deprotonation (fourth step) form the enolate intermediate. This further reacts with 2-benzothiazolimine which leads to the formation of a new C-C bond (fifth step). Subsequent cyclization takes place via the formation of a new C-N bond (sixth step). Catalyst regeneration completes the whole catalytic cycle and affords the final product (seventh step). The DFT results indicate that the fifth step determines the stereochemistry of the reaction and leads to benzothiazolopyrimidinone with the SS configuration, which agrees well with experimental observations. Intramolecular cyclization is found to be the regioselectivity-determining step, for which the [4+2] annulation pathway is more preferred than that via [2+2] annulation, which again agrees well with experimental observations. Based on the mechanism proposed, the origins of regio- and stereoselectivities have also been investigated by performing distortion/interaction, natural bond orbital (NBO) and non-covalent interaction (NCI) analyses. The mechanistic insights gained in this work should be helpful in the rational design of potential catalysts for analogous reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China.
| | - Zhilin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li Y, Li Z, Zhang Z. Mechanistic study on the NHC-catalyzed [3+4] annulation of enals and thiazolones. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01617b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reaction mechanisms and origins of regio- and stereo-selectivities of NHC catalyzed [3+4] annulation of enals and thiazolones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology
- Liaoning
- P. R. China
| | - Zhilin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology
- Liaoning
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology
- Liaoning
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|